Test 2

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Question #1

Federal law now requires the employers of fifty or more employees to provide:

A pension plans.

B on-site child care.

C paid family leave for six months.

D retirement counseling.

E unpaid family leave for up to twelve weeks.

Question #2

Mr. Ostrowski’s suggestion to Malcolm X that he become a carpenter instead of a lawyer is an example of

A occupational guidance.

B lateral mobility.

C pragmatic job counseling.

D occupational steering.

E early job socialization.

Question #3

Assembly-line work is typically thought to be alienating because

A it is repetitive.

B it requires more manual dexterity than many workers possess.

C it is poorly paid.

D the tasks are too difficult.

E new technologies have created too many stressful intellectual demands.

Question #4

Maslow is to self-actualization as Marx is to __________.

A boredom

B powerlessness

C alienation

D self-estrangement

E revolution

Question #5

The income squeeze refers to

A the difference between the average earnings of new workers and experienced workers.

B the difference between increasing family expenses across the life cycle and relatively stable earnings.

C the difference between the average earnings of husbands and wives.

D the difference between the average earnings of adult children and their parents.

E the difference between the income of workers and the needs of their aged parents.

Question #6

Which of the following work rule changes is most likely to increase the alienation of the workers?

A forbidding workers to talk with their co-workers

B installing a hot-line for anonymous complaints about safety concerns

C requiring that all promotion possibilities be posted for three weeks before the job is filled

D requiring workers to eat only in the company cafeteria

E requiring workers to keep track of their expenses while traveling on company business

Question #7

Home production would include all of the following EXCEPT

A buying groceries.

B washing laundry.

C preparing meals.

D writing freelance articles for publication.

E taking children to sports lessons.

Question #8

Strikes involving several trades simultaneously are called

A mass strikes.

B secondary boycotts.

C gridlock strikes.

D general strikes.

E sit-down strikes.

Question #9

The legal basis for the elimination of employment discrimination is

A the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

B Brown v. Board of Education.

C Title VII of the U.S. Civil Rights Act of 1964.

D the Executive Order of 1962.

E the bill of rights.

Question #10

Mass-production workers used sit-down strikes as means of resistance. They could not withhold their labor because

A family members employed by the same company would be fired.

B they were considered to be easily replaceable.

C their wage was too cheap to stop working.

D they were not unionized yet.

E strikes were illegal.

Question #11

Which of the following is NOT true of the Knights of Labor?

A It was a general union.

B The Knights favored social and political reform.

C It was basically a self-improvement and social reform society.

D The Knights officially opposed strikes.

E Like many early unions, it excluded working women.

Question #12

In assessing the effects of alienation and self-actualization upon workers’ lives off the job, we may conclude that

A only alienation has an effect outside the workplace.

B technology mediates the effects of alienation and self-actualization upon workers’ families.

C only self-actualization has an effect outside the workplace.

D alcohol, drug abuse, and family problems have no connection with workers’ job experiences.

E both self-actualization and alienation may have an effect outside the workplace.

Question #13

Refer to the following set of facts: Lakeisha works in a medium-sized firm in Chicago. Her husband Michael works for a large firm and was recently transferred to Salt Lake City. Lakeisha and Michael have one daughter, Yvonne, who is two years old. Yvonne lives with her mother in Chicago. Which of the following fringe benefits could be most helpful in this situation?

A on-site child care, relocation counseling, and flextime

B maternal leave, health care, and education benefits

C elder care, a defined benefit plan, and health care

D job sharing, paid leave, and elder care

E retirement counseling, defined contribution plans, and health care

Question #14

The existence of a large proletariat is most consistent with the work of

A Karl Marx

B William Julius Wilson

C Barbara Reskin

D Max Weber

E Charles Tilly

Question #15

How does organizational structure affect job satisfaction?

A Job satisfaction increases as division of labor increases.

B Workers in very small companies report low job satisfaction due to limited job complexity.

C Workers prefer small companies to large corporations.

D Opportunities for promotion appear to be unrelated to job satisfaction.

E The nature of the job tasks is unrelated to job satisfaction.

Question #16

“Solidarity Forever,” a union inspirational song, was used

A to convince workers that their problems are shared by others.

B as an ineffective organizing tool.

C to persuade employers to recognize unions.

D as an illegal labor practice.

E to persuade political parties to support unions.

Question #17

Sociologists have suggested that the following are significant job characteristics in promoting healthy mental functioning among workers:

A job rotation, close supervision, and flexibility

B job flexibility and diversity

C job security, job rotation, and training

D job autonomy, complexity, and diversity

E job complexity and security

Question #18

A group that has often experienced upward mobility is

A part-time workers.

B divorced women.

C the children of immigrants.

D unskilled workers.

E the underclass.

Question #19

A contemporary successor of Marx, Seeman says alienation is subjectively experienced as:

A dissatisfaction, powerlessness, anger, self-estrangement, isolation

B anger, self-estrangement, meaninglessness, isolation, normlessness

C powerlessness, self-estrangement, meaninglessness, isolation, normlessness

D dissatisfaction, powerlessness, meaninglessness, isolation, normlessness

E dissatisfaction, meaninglessness, powerlessness, isolation, anger, normlessness, self-estrangement

Question #20

Which of the following is an intrinsic reward?

A craft and machine tending.

B fringe benefits

C job security

D positive relations with co-workers

E pay

Question #21

Which of the following is part of the ‘hidden curriculum’ of the kindergarten?

A learning to distinguish different colors.

B learning how to use a pencil properly.

C learning to raise one’s hand before speaking.

D learning the letters of the alphabet.

E learning to count to one hundred.

Question #22

A fast food worker may experience ____ because of the conflicting expectations to sell as much food as possible and to have pleasant interactions with customers.

A role strain

B bullying

C alienation

D self-actualization

E job angst

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