Test 2

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Question #1

Federal law now requires the employers of fifty or more employees to provide:

A unpaid family leave for up to twelve weeks.

B pension plans.

C paid family leave for six months.

D retirement counseling.

E on-site child care.

Question #2

Mr. Ostrowski’s suggestion to Malcolm X that he become a carpenter instead of a lawyer is an example of

A occupational steering.

B early job socialization.

C occupational guidance.

D lateral mobility.

E pragmatic job counseling.

Question #3

Assembly-line work is typically thought to be alienating because

A new technologies have created too many stressful intellectual demands.

B it is poorly paid.

C the tasks are too difficult.

D it is repetitive.

E it requires more manual dexterity than many workers possess.

Question #4

Maslow is to self-actualization as Marx is to __________.

A powerlessness

B self-estrangement

C alienation

D boredom

E revolution

Question #5

The income squeeze refers to

A the difference between the average earnings of husbands and wives.

B the difference between the average earnings of adult children and their parents.

C the difference between the income of workers and the needs of their aged parents.

D the difference between the average earnings of new workers and experienced workers.

E the difference between increasing family expenses across the life cycle and relatively stable earnings.

Question #6

Which of the following work rule changes is most likely to increase the alienation of the workers?

A installing a hot-line for anonymous complaints about safety concerns

B requiring workers to eat only in the company cafeteria

C requiring workers to keep track of their expenses while traveling on company business

D forbidding workers to talk with their co-workers

E requiring that all promotion possibilities be posted for three weeks before the job is filled

Question #7

Home production would include all of the following EXCEPT

A buying groceries.

B washing laundry.

C taking children to sports lessons.

D writing freelance articles for publication.

E preparing meals.

Question #8

Strikes involving several trades simultaneously are called

A secondary boycotts.

B sit-down strikes.

C gridlock strikes.

D mass strikes.

E general strikes.

Question #9

The legal basis for the elimination of employment discrimination is

A the Executive Order of 1962.

B Title VII of the U.S. Civil Rights Act of 1964.

C the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

D Brown v. Board of Education.

E the bill of rights.

Question #10

Mass-production workers used sit-down strikes as means of resistance. They could not withhold their labor because

A their wage was too cheap to stop working.

B family members employed by the same company would be fired.

C they were not unionized yet.

D strikes were illegal.

E they were considered to be easily replaceable.

Question #11

Which of the following is NOT true of the Knights of Labor?

A Like many early unions, it excluded working women.

B It was basically a self-improvement and social reform society.

C The Knights officially opposed strikes.

D The Knights favored social and political reform.

E It was a general union.

Question #12

In assessing the effects of alienation and self-actualization upon workers’ lives off the job, we may conclude that

A only self-actualization has an effect outside the workplace.

B only alienation has an effect outside the workplace.

C alcohol, drug abuse, and family problems have no connection with workers’ job experiences.

D both self-actualization and alienation may have an effect outside the workplace.

E technology mediates the effects of alienation and self-actualization upon workers’ families.

Question #13

Refer to the following set of facts: Lakeisha works in a medium-sized firm in Chicago. Her husband Michael works for a large firm and was recently transferred to Salt Lake City. Lakeisha and Michael have one daughter, Yvonne, who is two years old. Yvonne lives with her mother in Chicago. Which of the following fringe benefits could be most helpful in this situation?

A retirement counseling, defined contribution plans, and health care

B on-site child care, relocation counseling, and flextime

C job sharing, paid leave, and elder care

D elder care, a defined benefit plan, and health care

E maternal leave, health care, and education benefits

Question #14

The existence of a large proletariat is most consistent with the work of

A Barbara Reskin

B Max Weber

C William Julius Wilson

D Karl Marx

E Charles Tilly

Question #15

How does organizational structure affect job satisfaction?

A Workers in very small companies report low job satisfaction due to limited job complexity.

B Workers prefer small companies to large corporations.

C Job satisfaction increases as division of labor increases.

D Opportunities for promotion appear to be unrelated to job satisfaction.

E The nature of the job tasks is unrelated to job satisfaction.

Question #16

“Solidarity Forever,” a union inspirational song, was used

A to persuade employers to recognize unions.

B as an ineffective organizing tool.

C as an illegal labor practice.

D to convince workers that their problems are shared by others.

E to persuade political parties to support unions.

Question #17

Sociologists have suggested that the following are significant job characteristics in promoting healthy mental functioning among workers:

A job complexity and security

B job flexibility and diversity

C job rotation, close supervision, and flexibility

D job autonomy, complexity, and diversity

E job security, job rotation, and training

Question #18

A group that has often experienced upward mobility is

A part-time workers.

B divorced women.

C the children of immigrants.

D the underclass.

E unskilled workers.

Question #19

A contemporary successor of Marx, Seeman says alienation is subjectively experienced as:

A dissatisfaction, meaninglessness, powerlessness, isolation, anger, normlessness, self-estrangement

B powerlessness, self-estrangement, meaninglessness, isolation, normlessness

C dissatisfaction, powerlessness, anger, self-estrangement, isolation

D dissatisfaction, powerlessness, meaninglessness, isolation, normlessness

E anger, self-estrangement, meaninglessness, isolation, normlessness

Question #20

Which of the following is an intrinsic reward?

A craft and machine tending.

B positive relations with co-workers

C fringe benefits

D pay

E job security

Question #21

Which of the following is part of the ‘hidden curriculum’ of the kindergarten?

A learning the letters of the alphabet.

B learning how to use a pencil properly.

C learning to distinguish different colors.

D learning to count to one hundred.

E learning to raise one’s hand before speaking.

Question #22

A fast food worker may experience ____ because of the conflicting expectations to sell as much food as possible and to have pleasant interactions with customers.

A alienation

B job angst

C self-actualization

D bullying

E role strain

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