Chapter 1 to 4 Exam

Navigation » List of Schools » California State University, Northridge » Psychology » Psychology 313 – Developmental Psychology » Spring 2021 » Chapter 1 to 4 Exam

Need help with your exam preparation?

Existing Quiz Clients Login here

Below are the questions for the exam with the choices of answers:

Try The Exam

Question #1

Babies who are held more (refer to the Hewlett article):

A spend more time fussing and crying

B suffer higher rates of SIDS

C spend less time fussing and crying

D develop voluntary crying behaviors sooners

Question #2

An infant’s sleep/wake cycles:

A do not change during the first 6 months of life

B are easily modified by adult social pressure

C are not modified by social pressure

D are modified both by increases in brain maturity and by social pressure

Question #3

Rothbart’s dimensions of temperamental variation include:

A easy, difficult, slow to warm up

B self-regulation, motivation, and optimism

C activity level, sociability, and responsiveness

D effortful control, negative affect, and extraversion

Question #4

Thomas and Chess and their colleagues classified babies’ temperaments as:

A trusting, wary, and suspicious

B easy, difficult, slow to warm up

C happy, irritable, and unresponsive

D easy, irritable, and depressed

Question #5

When they perform primary circular reactions, infants:

A perform actions in order to receive reinforcement from adults

B perform reflexes elicited by environmental events

C repeat pleasurable actions for their own sake

D avoid performing actions that lead to unpleasant consequences

Question #6

Nursing involves coordination of:

A sucking, breathing, and swallowing by the infant

B infants’ sucking behaviors with the behaviors of their caregivers

C sucking, moro and babinski reflexes by the infant

D the rooting and sucking reflexes alone

Question #7

Infants’ ability to integrate information perceived by more than one sensory system is known as:

A intermodal perception

B integration

C coordinated action

D cross-model perception

Question #8

Craig would like to purchase a mobile to hang in his son’s nursery. At which of the following mobiles would his newborn baby MOST enjoy looking to?

A a mobile with fuzzy brown teddy bears

B a mobile with black and white patterned abstract shapes

C a mobile with bright colors and shapes

D a mobile with soft pastel flowers

Question #9

Studies of newborn infant’s auditory preferences (DeCasper et. al article) demonstrate that:

A infants prefer low-pitched maternal voices to high-pitched maternal voices

B infants prefer the sound of their mother’s voice to other women’s voices

C infants prefer to hear foreign languages more than their own voice

D infants’ hearing is not acute enough for them to demonstrate preferences for particular categories of sound

Question #10

Which of the following senses is the LEAST well-developed at birth?

A taste

B hearing

C vision

D smell

Question #11

__________ reduces the oversupply of neural connections in the brain as part of the experience-expectant process of development.

A Experience

B A proper diet

C Synaptic pruning

D Hormonal activity

Question #12

The soft spots on infants’ skulls are known as:

A myelin

B neurons

C cortexes

D fontanels

Question #13

A newborn is considered to have low birth weight if he or she weighs:

A 25% less than other babies of the same gestational age

B less than 5 pounds, 8 ounces

C less than 7 pounds, 3 ounces

D 10% less than other babies of the same gestational age

Question #14

Women who used heroin while pregnant gave birth to babies who:

A are vulnerable to heart defects

B recover quickly from the effects of withdrawal

C are addicted to heroin

D are born blind and deaf

Question #15

Smoking during pregnancy is associated with:

A birth defects

B a lower rate of stillbirths

C overweight babies

D lower birth weights

Question #16

What is the MOST common drug used by pregnant women?

A tobacco

B caffeine

C alcohol

D marijuana

Question #17

Pregnant women are encouraged to increase their intake of which foods?

A iron and calcium

B Vitamin C and calcium

C salty, sweet, and fatty foods

D folic acid, calcium, and iron

Question #18

Infants who heard their mothers read The Cat in the Hat while in the womb and then again when they were newborns (referenced by Decasper article):

A cried when they heard the story after birth

B showed no signs of recognizing the story after birth

C preferred the non-maternal voice to the maternal voice in increasing their sucking response

D learned, after birth, to modify their rate of sucking in order to hear the story

Question #19

What leads the embryo to develop male or female genitalia?

A the presence or absence of the Y chromosome

B the establishment of a cyclical pattern of hormone secretion by the pituitary gland

C the secretion of hormones by the ovaries

D the presence or absence of male gonads, which produce male hormones

Question #20

Development proceeding from the head down is characteristic of which developmental pattern?

A cephalocaudal

B embryonic-fetal

C maturation

D proximodistal

Question #21

The structure that surrounds the developing organism, and holds in the fluid in which it floats, is the:

A uterine lining

B ectoderm

C umbilical cord

D amnion

Question #22

The series of mitotic cell divisions that transforms the zygote into the multicellular mass known as the blastocyst is called:

A zona pellucida

B meiosis

C implantation

D cleavage

Question #23

The periods of prenatal development occur in which order?

A germinal, fetal, embryonic

B fetal, embryonic, germinal

C germinal, embryonic, fetal

D embryonic, germinal, fetal

Question #24

According to the concept of coevolution:

A biological changes occured that allowed humans to use language and generate culture

B human biological capabilities evolved and then ended with the appearance of human culture

C culture has influenced the evolution of human biology

D the human brain is not very much larger than that of our primitive ancestors

Question #25

When individuals select and modify their environments in ways that impact the development of future generations, a process of _________ is said to occur.

A niche construction

B coevolution

C ecological inheritance

D co-construction

Question #26

The purpose of an adoption study is to find out if adopted children are more similar to their biological parents and siblings, who share ___________, or to their adoptive parents and siblings, with whom they share __________.

A their genes; a common family environment

B their genes; a sense of identity

C a sense of identity; a common family environment

D a common family environment; their genes

Question #27

The term __________ refers to the degree to which variations in a particular characteristic among individuals in a specific population are related to genetic differences among those individuals.

A variability

B heritability

C phenotype

D genotype

Question #28

Which genetic disorder affects only males?

A Klinefelter syndrome

B Turner syndrome

C Down syndrome

D phenylketonuria

Question #29

Which of the following is linked with having an extra 21st chromosome?

A Klinefelter’s syndrome

B Turner syndrome

C phenylketonuria

D Down syndrome

Question #30

An error in the process of gene replication that results in a change in the molecular structure of the DNA is called:

A a mutation

B mitosis

C meiosis

D canalization

Question #31

If a person has inherited the same allelic form from both parents, she is __________ for a trait.

A homozygous

B heterozygous

C ontogenetic

D monozygotic

Question #32

Germ cells reproduce by __________, whereas somatic cells reproduce by _______.

A meiosis; mitosis

B mitosis; mitosis

C mitosis; meiosis

D meiosis; meiosis

Question #33

When an ovum is fertilized, both the mother’s and the father’s genetic material are contained in the:

A zygote

B sperm cells

C ova

D genes

Question #34

A person’s phenotype is __________ while his/her genotype is __________.

A developed through interactions with one’s biology; changes over his/her life

B recessive; domiannt

C constant over his/her life; developed through interactions with the environment

D observable; inherited

Question #35

The basic units of heredity are:

A somatic cells

B zygotes

C genes

D chromosomes

Question #36

When psychologists compare separate groups of 5-year-olds, 18-year-olds, and 30-year-olds on a vocabulary test, they are conducting a:

A longitudinal study

B clinical study

C cross-sectional study

D naturalistic observation

Question #37

When two observers simultaneously observing the same infant agree on their descriptions of how upset she becomes when a pacifier is taken from her, this is an example of:

A replicability

B an experiment

C reliability

D validity

Question #38

The systems theory approach focuses on:

A how cultural context shapes development

B the “hardware” and “software” of intellectual functioning

C how genetic factors contribute to development

D how complex behaviors result from the interaction of multiple factors

Question #39

According to Konrad Lorenz, all of the following are signs of “babyness” EXCEPT:

A large eyes relative to the size of the face

B a small head relative to the size of the body

C round, protruding cheeks

D a high, protruding forehead

Question #40

An example of Piaget’s concept of assimilation is an infant who:

A shares a toy with her father

B bangs blocks together rather than chewing on them

C learns that her pacifier does not provide her with milk

D knows how to grasp her mother’s hair and uses the same grasping movements to grab a toy

Question #41

A researcher who states that the environment “shapes behavior as a sculptor shapes a lump of clay” would support which theoretical framework?

A behaviorist

B sociocultural

C psychodynamic

D constructivist

Question #42

Theories are important for understanding child development because they:

A allow immediate applications to help children

B provide systematic organization of many different observations

C guarantee agreement among researchers about what they see

D make it appear that child development experts know everything

Question #43

Critical periods in development:

A are times during which particular events must occur for development to proceed normally

B occur in some animals but not in humans

C have been observed in humans during psychological development but not during physical development

D are thought to regulate bonding in human infants

Question #44

The prevailing view of children prior to the sixteenth century was that children were:

A inherently good

B miniature adults

C born in original sin

D rebellious in nature

Question #45

Developmentalists recognize four major domains of development, including:

A moral, social, emotional, and physical

B cognitive, social, physical, and emotional

C cognitive, physical, moral, and social

D social, physical, emotional, and language

Try The Exam

Fresh Grad Lands Job as Real Estate Agent With Help from Professional Writers

Need help with your exam preparation?

Below are the questions for the exam with the choices of answers:

Christian S.

Tyra

Linda

Manush

We accept payment