Lecture Exam 2

A  human blood at pH 7.2

B  a hot vent at pH 1.5

C  human intestine at pH 8.5

D  milk at pH 6.5

A  that they grow well at low pH

B  that they grow well at low oxygen

C  that they grow well at high pH

D  that they grow well at low oxygen

E  that they grow well at high pressure

A  survival

B  protein synthesis

C  reproduction

D  storage

A  the temperature that is near one extreme of its range of tolerated temperatures

B  the temperature that has the highest cell growth and highest enzymatic activity

C  the temperature that allows it to grow with the shortest generation time

D  the temperature that has the longest time between cell divisions

A  they lack the correct nucleus

B  they lack the correct salt concentration

C  they lack the correct enzymes

D  they lack the correct pH

E  they lack the correct atmospheric pressure

A  osmotolerant.

B  acidophile.

C  facultative anaerobe

D  obligate aerobe.

E  aerotolerant anaerobe.

A  stationary phase

B  decline phase

C  lag phase

D  exponential or logarithmic phase

A  none of these are correct

B  due to the exhaustion of nutrients

C  due to the rise in cell density

D  more than one of the above is correct

E  due to the accumulation of toxic metabolites

A  facultative anaerobes

B  alkaliphiles

C  neutrophiles

D  obligate anaerobes

A  bacterial motility.

B  none of these are correct

C  two of the choices are correct only

D  all of these are correct

E  adherence to certain surfaces.

F  bacterial conjugation.

A  neutrophile

B  aerotolerant anaerobe

C  acidophile

D  osmotolerant

A  An individual that has been exposed to an infectious microorganism and the microorganism is replicating, but microorganism numbers have not yet reached levels necessary to produce visible symptoms.

B  none of these are correct

C  An individual that is suffering maximum host cell damage and is manifesting clear and distinct symptoms of the particular disease.

D  An individual that has survived the acute phase of the disease because of an effective immune system and/or because of effective treatment.

A  a chemotroph

B  a chemoheterotroph

C  a heterotroph

D  a phototroph

A  mesophile â growth at 0°C

B  thermophile â growth at 50°C

C  hyperthermophiles â growth at 85°C

D  psychrophile â growth at 15°C

A  psychrotrophs

B  mesophiles

C  thermophiles

D  acidophiles

A  an aerotolerant anaerobe

B  a facultative anaerobe

C  an obligate anaerobe

D  an obligate aerobe

A  yogurt cultured at room temperature

B  mountain lake with a water temperature of 12 °C

C  contaminated plates left in a 35 °C incubator

D  salt pond in the desert with a daytime temperature of 34 °C

A  20-30°C

B  None of these

C  25-40°C

D  >40°C

A  internal structure of live, living cells.

B  surface structure of fixed cells.

C  internal structure of fixed cells.

D  surface membranes of live, living cells.

A  bright-field microscopy

B  dark-field microscopy

C  phase-contrast microscopy

D  scanning electron microscopy

E  fluorescence microscopy

A  diameter.

B  length.

C  light penetration

D  size

A  no relationship on

B  lower

C  the same

D  higher

A  darkfield microscope

B  brightfield microscope

C  differential interference contrast microscope

D  electron microscope

A  light with a short wavelength

B  light with an intermediate wavelength

C  radio wavelength

D  light with a long wavelength

A  the microscope’s resolution.

B  the minimum cell size of a cell.

C  the microscope’s clarity.

D  the microscope’s magnification.

A  phase contrast microscopy

B  differential Interference Contrast microscopy

C  immunofluoresnce

D  bright-field microscopy with staining

A  transmission electron

B  dark-field

C  bright-field

D  phase-contrast

E  scanning electron

A  hand

B  colon

C  nose

D  throat

A  reproducing

B  moving

C  dying

D  floating

E  attaching

A  peptidoglycan

B  cell wall

C  capsule

D  flagellum

A  all of these

B  the production of various enzymatic activities such as hemolysins and leucocidins

C  the presence of anatomical structures such as pili.

D  the production of exotoxins or endotoxins.

A  prevented the virus from attaching to the host cell

B  more than one of the above is correct

C  prevented the virus from entering the host cell

D  prevented the virus from leaving the host cell

E  destroyed the viral nucleic acid

F  none of these are correct

A  none of these are correct

B  cause target cells to function more efficiently

C  cause target cells to cell divide

D  punch holes in target cells

E  more than one of the above is correct

F  cause target cells to mutate

A  more than one of the above is correct

B  mitochondria

C  nucleus

D  chloroplasts

E  flagella

F  endoplasmic reticulum

A  gliding motility

B  tumbling

C  phototaxis

D  chemotaxis

A  oxygen

B  nutrients

C  water

D  starvation

A  damage host cells

B  move to a new location

C  evade PAMPS activation

D  evade phagocytosis

E  build biofilms

A  protein

B  lipids

C  nucleic acids

D  carbohydrates

A  lophotrichous

B  monotrichous

C  monotrichous

D  peritrichous

A  they are used in attachment

B  more than one of the above is correct

C  they are used in DNA exchange

D  none of these are correct

E  they are used in motility

F  they can cause antibiotic resistance

A  halotolerant

B  acidophiles

C  barophiles

D  thermophiles

A  attachment increases the exchange of genes

B  attachment increases parasitic damage to the host

C  attachment increases motility

D  attachment increases endospore formation

A  endospores are more resistant to staining

B  endospores are more likely to die in nutritionally poor conditions

C  endospores are more resistant to temperature changes

D  endospores are more likely to survive treatment with disinfectants

A  plasma membrane

B  axial filament

C  fimbria

D  pilum

A  capsule

B  more than one of the above is correct

C  pili

D  flagellum

E  pore forming toxins

F  none of these are correct