Lecture Exam 2

A  milk at pH 6.5

B  a hot vent at pH 1.5

C  human blood at pH 7.2

D  human intestine at pH 8.5

A  that they grow well at low pH

B  that they grow well at high pH

C  that they grow well at high pressure

D  that they grow well at low oxygen

E  that they grow well at low oxygen

A  storage

B  survival

C  protein synthesis

D  reproduction

A  the temperature that has the highest cell growth and highest enzymatic activity

B  the temperature that has the longest time between cell divisions

C  the temperature that allows it to grow with the shortest generation time

D  the temperature that is near one extreme of its range of tolerated temperatures

A  they lack the correct nucleus

B  they lack the correct enzymes

C  they lack the correct salt concentration

D  they lack the correct pH

E  they lack the correct atmospheric pressure

A  obligate aerobe.

B  osmotolerant.

C  facultative anaerobe

D  acidophile.

E  aerotolerant anaerobe.

A  exponential or logarithmic phase

B  decline phase

C  lag phase

D  stationary phase

A  due to the accumulation of toxic metabolites

B  more than one of the above is correct

C  none of these are correct

D  due to the rise in cell density

E  due to the exhaustion of nutrients

A  neutrophiles

B  obligate anaerobes

C  alkaliphiles

D  facultative anaerobes

A  two of the choices are correct only

B  none of these are correct

C  bacterial motility.

D  bacterial conjugation.

E  adherence to certain surfaces.

F  all of these are correct

A  neutrophile

B  osmotolerant

C  aerotolerant anaerobe

D  acidophile

A  none of these are correct

B  An individual that is suffering maximum host cell damage and is manifesting clear and distinct symptoms of the particular disease.

C  An individual that has survived the acute phase of the disease because of an effective immune system and/or because of effective treatment.

D  An individual that has been exposed to an infectious microorganism and the microorganism is replicating, but microorganism numbers have not yet reached levels necessary to produce visible symptoms.

A  a heterotroph

B  a chemotroph

C  a chemoheterotroph

D  a phototroph

A  hyperthermophiles â growth at 85°C

B  psychrophile â growth at 15°C

C  thermophile â growth at 50°C

D  mesophile â growth at 0°C

A  acidophiles

B  psychrotrophs

C  mesophiles

D  thermophiles

A  an obligate aerobe

B  an aerotolerant anaerobe

C  an obligate anaerobe

D  a facultative anaerobe

A  contaminated plates left in a 35 °C incubator

B  yogurt cultured at room temperature

C  salt pond in the desert with a daytime temperature of 34 °C

D  mountain lake with a water temperature of 12 °C

A  20-30°C

B  >40°C

C  None of these

D  25-40°C

A  surface structure of fixed cells.

B  surface membranes of live, living cells.

C  internal structure of fixed cells.

D  internal structure of live, living cells.

A  bright-field microscopy

B  fluorescence microscopy

C  dark-field microscopy

D  scanning electron microscopy

E  phase-contrast microscopy

A  length.

B  light penetration

C  diameter.

D  size

A  lower

B  the same

C  no relationship on

D  higher

A  differential interference contrast microscope

B  electron microscope

C  brightfield microscope

D  darkfield microscope

A  radio wavelength

B  light with a long wavelength

C  light with a short wavelength

D  light with an intermediate wavelength

A  the microscope’s clarity.

B  the microscope’s magnification.

C  the minimum cell size of a cell.

D  the microscope’s resolution.

A  immunofluoresnce

B  bright-field microscopy with staining

C  differential Interference Contrast microscopy

D  phase contrast microscopy

A  bright-field

B  phase-contrast

C  scanning electron

D  dark-field

E  transmission electron

A  colon

B  hand

C  nose

D  throat

A  moving

B  floating

C  dying

D  reproducing

E  attaching

A  capsule

B  flagellum

C  peptidoglycan

D  cell wall

A  the production of exotoxins or endotoxins.

B  all of these

C  the production of various enzymatic activities such as hemolysins and leucocidins

D  the presence of anatomical structures such as pili.

A  destroyed the viral nucleic acid

B  more than one of the above is correct

C  none of these are correct

D  prevented the virus from leaving the host cell

E  prevented the virus from attaching to the host cell

F  prevented the virus from entering the host cell

A  none of these are correct

B  cause target cells to cell divide

C  more than one of the above is correct

D  punch holes in target cells

E  cause target cells to function more efficiently

F  cause target cells to mutate

A  more than one of the above is correct

B  endoplasmic reticulum

C  chloroplasts

D  nucleus

E  flagella

F  mitochondria

A  gliding motility

B  phototaxis

C  chemotaxis

D  tumbling

A  water

B  nutrients

C  oxygen

D  starvation

A  move to a new location

B  evade PAMPS activation

C  damage host cells

D  build biofilms

E  evade phagocytosis

A  nucleic acids

B  carbohydrates

C  protein

D  lipids

A  lophotrichous

B  peritrichous

C  monotrichous

D  monotrichous

A  they are used in DNA exchange

B  none of these are correct

C  they are used in attachment

D  more than one of the above is correct

E  they can cause antibiotic resistance

F  they are used in motility

A  barophiles

B  halotolerant

C  thermophiles

D  acidophiles

A  attachment increases motility

B  attachment increases parasitic damage to the host

C  attachment increases the exchange of genes

D  attachment increases endospore formation

A  endospores are more resistant to staining

B  endospores are more likely to die in nutritionally poor conditions

C  endospores are more resistant to temperature changes

D  endospores are more likely to survive treatment with disinfectants

A  fimbria

B  axial filament

C  pilum

D  plasma membrane

A  flagellum

B  capsule

C  pore forming toxins

D  none of these are correct

E  more than one of the above is correct

F  pili