Module 2 Exam

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Question #1

The movement of positively charged sodium ions across the membrane of a neuron can produce a(n)

A interneuron.

B action potential.

C myelin sheath.

D glial cell.

Question #2

An action potential refers to a

A neural impulse.

B reflex.

C synaptic gap.

D neurotransmitter.

Question #3

Split-brain patients have had their ________ surgically cut.

A limbic system

B reticular formation

C corpus callosum

D sensory cortex

Question #4

The large band of neural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres is called the

A myelin sheath.

B corpus callosum.

C limbic system.

D reticular formation.

Question #5

The ability to recognize faces with the right hemisphere but not with the left hemisphere best illustrates

A lateralization.

B plasticity.

C Parkinson’s disease.

D neurogenesis.

Question #6

Neurogenesis refers to

A the formation of new neurons.

B the reabsorption of neurotransmitters by a sending neuron.

C the release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic gap.

D the initiation of an action potential.

Question #7

Plasticity refers to the brain’s capacity to

A generate a sense of conscious awareness.

B transmit information between the two cerebral hemispheres.

C automatically regulate heartbeat and breathing.

D build new neural pathways.

Question #8

Phineas Gage underwent a dramatic personality change after a tamping iron inflicted massive damage to his ________ lobes.

A frontal

B temporal

C occipital

D parietal

Question #9

Damage to the association areas in the frontal lobe is most likely to interfere with the ability to

A understand word meanings.

B formulate plans.

C recognize familiar faces.

D recognize familiar voices.

Question #10

The sensory cortex is located in the ________ lobes.

A frontal

B occipital

C temporal

D parietal

Question #11

An area at the rear of the frontal lobes that controls voluntary movements is called the

A thalamus.

B frontal association area.

C reticular formation.

D motor cortex.

Question #12

Alana suffered a brain disease that destroyed major portions of her temporal lobes. Alana is most likely to suffer some loss of

A pain sensations.

B auditory perception.

C muscular coordination.

D hunger and thirst.

Question #13

Which regions of the cerebral cortex lie at the back of the head and receive visual information?

A temporal lobes

B occipital lobes

C parietal lobes

D association areas

Question #14

Which region of the human brain best distinguishes us from other animals?

A hypothalamus

B cerebral cortex

C limbic system

D reticular formation

Question #15

The thin surface layer of interconnected neural cells that covers the cerebrum is called the

A corpus callosum.

B cerebral cortex.

C cerebellum.

D reticular formation.

Question #16

Animal research has revealed a general reward system related to the release of the neurotransmitter

A ACh.

B epinephrine.

C dopamine.

D GABA.

Question #17

The activity of the hypothalamus most directly influences

A memory.

B vision.

C muscular coordination.

D thirst.

Question #18

Which neural center in the limbic system plays a central role in emotions such as aggression and fear?

A amygdala

B thalamus

C cerebellum

D medulla

Question #19

The hippocampus and hypothalamus are part of the

A cerebral cortex.

B brainstem.

C reticular formation.

D limbic system.

Question #20

A loss of physical coordination and balance is most likely to result from damage to the

A amygdala.

B corpus callosum.

C cerebellum.

D hypothalamus.

Question #21

The “little brain” attached to the rear of the brainstem is called the

A reticular formation.

B cerebellum.

C corpus callosum.

D limbic system.

Question #22

The thalamus serves as a

A memory bank.

B master gland.

C sensory router.

D reward center.

Question #23

Which brain structure is of central importance for control of your heartbeat and breathing?

A nucleus accumbens

B medulla

C thalamus

D hippocampus

Question #24

Which technique involves the use of magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer-generated images of the brain’s soft tissues?

A EEG

B hemispherectomy

C PET scan

D MRI

Question #25

Recording electrodes are placed directly on the scalp to produce a(n)

A EEG.

B fMRI.

C MRI.

D PET scan.

Question #26

Group cohesion, pair bonding, and social trust are promoted by pituitary gland secretions of

A acetylcholine.

B oxytocin.

C epinephrine.

D dopamine.

Question #27

The pituitary has been identified as a

A myelin sheath.

B master gland.

C association area.

D reward center.

Question #28

Which endocrine gland regulates body growth?

A thyroid

B pituitary

C adrenal

D pancreas

Question #29

Epinephrine and norepinephrine are released by the

A thyroid gland.

B adrenal glands.

C pituitary gland.

D pancreas.

Question #30

The chemical messengers of the endocrine system are called

A genes.

B neurotransmitters.

C hormones.

D endorphins.

Question #31

The body’s chemical communication system that is much slower than the nervous system is called the

A endocrine system.

B reticular formation.

C cerebellum.

D limbic system.

Question #32

The simplest neural pathways are those that govern our

A thoughts.

B reflexes.

C sexual drives.

D emotions.

Question #33

The spinal cord is part of the ________ nervous system.

A peripheral

B autonomic

C central

D somatic

Question #34

The parasympathetic nervous system is a division of the ________ nervous system.

A somatic

B central

C autonomic

D sympathetic

Question #35

The sympathetic nervous system

A inhibits digestion and slows heartbeat.

B stimulates digestion and accelerates heartbeat.

C inhibits digestion and accelerates heartbeat.

D stimulates digestion and slows heartbeat.

Question #36

The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the movement of your arms when you write is the

A parasympathetic nervous system.

B reticular formation.

C sympathetic nervous system.

D somatic nervous system.

Question #37

For you to be able to run, ________ must relay messages from your central nervous system to your leg muscles.

A the reticular formation

B the autonomic nervous system

C interneurons

D motor neurons

Question #38

Morphine and heroin are

A glial cells.

B dendrites.

C hormones.

D opiates.

Question #39

An undersupply of GABA is most closely linked to

A Alzheimer’s disease.

B insomnia.

C paralysis.

D schizophrenia.

Question #40

The tremors of Parkinson’s disease result from the death of nerve cells that produce the neurotransmitter

A GABA.

B serotonin.

C dopamine.

D ACh.

Question #41

The pain of childbirth is most likely to be reduced by the release of

A dopamine.

B glutamate.

C endorphins.

D acetylcholine.

Question #42

The reabsorption of excess neurotransmitter molecules by a sending neuron is called

A lateralization.

B neurogenesis.

C plasticity.

D reuptake.

Question #43

Neurotransmitter receptor sites are primarily located on the

A dendrites.

B glial cells.

C axon terminals.

D myelin sheath.

Question #44

Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that travel across the

A cell body.

B synaptic gap.

C threshold.

D myelin sheath.

Question #45

The junctions where impulses are chemically transmitted from one neuron to another are called

A thresholds.

B synapses.

C ventricles.

D association areas.

Question #46

A neural impulse is generated only when excitatory minus inhibitory signals exceed a certain

A tomography.

B threshold.

C synaptic gap.

D action potential.

Question #47

Brittany has experienced progressively increasing difficulty moving, speaking, and swallowing due to the deterioration of the myelin sheaths within her nervous system. Brittany most clearly suffers from

A epileptic seizures.

B multiple sclerosis.

C neurogenesis.

D hemispherectomy.

Question #48

Which part of a neuron is often encased by a fatty myelin sheath?

A axon

B dendrite

C cell body

D synaptic gap

Question #49

The myelin sheath helps to increase the ________ of neural impulses.

A intensity

B frequency

C speed

D threshold

Question #50

The part of a neuron that transmits neural messages to other neurons or to muscles or glands is called the

A synapse.

B axon.

C dendrite.

D cell body.

Question #51

The branching extensions of nerve cells that receive incoming signals from sensory receptors or from other neurons are called the

A neurotransmitters.

B synapses.

C axons.

D dendrites.

Question #52

The cells that serve as the basic building blocks of the body’s information system are called

A neurotransmitters.

B genes.

C neurons.

D ventricles.

Question #53

Biological psychology is best described as the study of the links between

A sensory and motor neurons.

B the CNS and the PNS.

C physiological activity and psychological events.

D genes and neurotransmitters.

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