Exam 3

A  4.5 x 10-4
32 x 103

B  4.5 x 103
32 x 103

C  45 x 10-4
3.2 x 104

D  4.5 x 10-3
3.2 x 104

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  have more mass than lower-energy photons.

B  move faster than lower-energy photons.

C  travel less distance between their source and the observer than lower-energy photons.

D  have higher frequencies and shorter wavelengths than lower-energy photons.

E  are not as likely to become redshifted as lower-energy photons.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  a spectroscopic binary

B  a visual binary

C  an eclipsing binary

D  impossible, unless at least one of the two stars if itself intrinsically variable.

E  an astrometric binary

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  closer

B  now way to tell with available data

C  the same distance

D  farther

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  the Sun is too hot to radiate at all wavelengths.

B  the relatively cool outer layers absorb photons emitted in the hot inner parts of the Sun, producing absorption lines.

C  its spectrum consists of emission lines of the elements in the Sun, so there are some gaps.

D  the coronal mass ejections interfere with the photons, adding too much noise to the spectrum.

E  its core is much hotter than its surface, so the shape of the curve is distored.

A  2 visible stars orbiting each other

B  varying star intensities

C  converging spectral lines

D  oscillatory (wobbly) star motions

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Gravity causes a cloud of gas & dust to collapse toward a center.

B  An explosion throws out mass that settles as a star.

C  Dark clouds hide large gas balls that are ignited by passing stars.

D  A large gas ball spins out of a larger star when disrupted by a passing star.

A  with extra protons

B  with extra electrons

C  with extra neutrons

D  with extra neutrinos

A  carbon-nitrogen-oxygen cycle

B  proton-proton chain

C  triple alpha process

D  nucleosynthesis

A  Venus

B  Triton

C  Uranus

D  Io

A  a constant dipole magnetic field

B  granulation oscillations

C  the Zeeman effect and the Maunder minimum

D  nuclear explosions

E  differential rotation, winding up the magnetic fields

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  a neutron

B  a photon

C  an ion

D  a proton

E  an electron

A  expansion/contraction

B  mass

C  core temperature

D  distance

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Absorption occurs when an electron in an atom jumps from a lower energy level to a higher energy level.

B  Photon emission occurs randomly, in any direction.

C  An electron in an atom may absorb either part or all of the energy of a photon.

D  Electrons have discrete energy levels.

E  Each element produces a unique pattern of spectral lines, like a fingerprint.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  megaclusters

B  elliptical galaxies

C  globular clusters

D  Mira clusters

E  open clusters

A  toward us

B  not speed, but energies due to temperature

C  across the field of view

D  away from us

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Normal hydrogen is also called protium.

B  Hydrogen normally has one neutron.

C  Hydrogen normally has one proton.

D  Hydrogen normally has one electron.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Uranus

B  Venus

C  Mars

D  Earth

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  tidal forces cause volcanic eruptions on some moons, and part of this material subsequently escaped the gravity of the moons, forming the rings.

B  Jovian planets rotate very rapidly, and some material near the equator of these planets was flung outward, forming the rings

C  tidal forces prevent the material in rings from forming into moons

D  their thick gaseous atmospheres would disintegrate any small rock that enter them

E  there is too much material to have fit into the ball of each planet

A  Sirius is located 10 ps from Earth.

B  Sirius is located less than 10 ps from Earth.

C  This is an impossible situation. The apparent magnitude can’t be more than the absolute magnitude.

D  Sirius is located greater then 10 ps from Earth.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  16

B  1/16

C  1/4

D  4

A  18

B  8

C  10

D  7

A  During gravitational contraction, the temperature in the core of a pre-main-sequence star decreases.

B  Contracting balls of gas with masses below about 75 Jupiter masses actually end up as brown dwarfs, not main-sequence stars.

C  Gravitational contraction of a pre-main-sequence star ceases once nuclear reaction begin.

D  Stars form from gaint clouds of gas and dust whose collapse and fragmentation (clumping) are due to gravity.

A  neutrons

B  electrons

C  protons

D  Bohr model

E  valence shields

A  core temperature

B  photosphere temperature

C  emitted intensity

D  speed of light

E  fusion density

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  binary stars

B  Cepheids

C  long period variables

D  brown giants

A  white

B  blue

C  red

D  green

A  > 10 billion years

B  5 billion years

C  young (< millions of years)

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  the corona is the solar wind

B  a photo of the Sun with a x-ray filter will show the chromoshere

C  sunspots and heliosiesmology are associated with the photosphere

D  the chromosphere is best viewed with a H-alpha filter

A  gravity

B  mass

C  pressure

D  temperature

A  space; the deformation of the glass due to the absence of gravity.

B  refracting; the smearing of light due to atmospheric turbulence.

C  reflecting; the smearing of light due to atmospheric turbulence.

D  reflecting; differing focal points from different parts of the mirror.

E  refracting; different focal lengths for different wavelengths of light.

A  It is an isotope of hydrogen.

B  It has one neutron and one proton.

C  It has one electron, so it is not an ion.

D  It has one more proton than an average hydrogen atom.