Exam 3

A  45 x 10-4
3.2 x 104

B  4.5 x 103
32 x 103

C  4.5 x 10-4
32 x 103

D  4.5 x 10-3
3.2 x 104

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  have higher frequencies and shorter wavelengths than lower-energy photons.

B  are not as likely to become redshifted as lower-energy photons.

C  have more mass than lower-energy photons.

D  travel less distance between their source and the observer than lower-energy photons.

E  move faster than lower-energy photons.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  a spectroscopic binary

B  impossible, unless at least one of the two stars if itself intrinsically variable.

C  an eclipsing binary

D  an astrometric binary

E  a visual binary

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  farther

B  now way to tell with available data

C  closer

D  the same distance

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  its spectrum consists of emission lines of the elements in the Sun, so there are some gaps.

B  the relatively cool outer layers absorb photons emitted in the hot inner parts of the Sun, producing absorption lines.

C  the Sun is too hot to radiate at all wavelengths.

D  the coronal mass ejections interfere with the photons, adding too much noise to the spectrum.

E  its core is much hotter than its surface, so the shape of the curve is distored.

A  converging spectral lines

B  2 visible stars orbiting each other

C  oscillatory (wobbly) star motions

D  varying star intensities

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Gravity causes a cloud of gas & dust to collapse toward a center.

B  A large gas ball spins out of a larger star when disrupted by a passing star.

C  Dark clouds hide large gas balls that are ignited by passing stars.

D  An explosion throws out mass that settles as a star.

A  with extra neutrons

B  with extra protons

C  with extra neutrinos

D  with extra electrons

A  proton-proton chain

B  triple alpha process

C  carbon-nitrogen-oxygen cycle

D  nucleosynthesis

A  Io

B  Venus

C  Triton

D  Uranus

A  differential rotation, winding up the magnetic fields

B  nuclear explosions

C  granulation oscillations

D  a constant dipole magnetic field

E  the Zeeman effect and the Maunder minimum

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  a neutron

B  a photon

C  an electron

D  a proton

E  an ion

A  core temperature

B  mass

C  expansion/contraction

D  distance

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  An electron in an atom may absorb either part or all of the energy of a photon.

B  Electrons have discrete energy levels.

C  Absorption occurs when an electron in an atom jumps from a lower energy level to a higher energy level.

D  Photon emission occurs randomly, in any direction.

E  Each element produces a unique pattern of spectral lines, like a fingerprint.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Mira clusters

B  globular clusters

C  open clusters

D  elliptical galaxies

E  megaclusters

A  away from us

B  toward us

C  not speed, but energies due to temperature

D  across the field of view

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Hydrogen normally has one proton.

B  Normal hydrogen is also called protium.

C  Hydrogen normally has one electron.

D  Hydrogen normally has one neutron.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Earth

B  Mars

C  Uranus

D  Venus

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  tidal forces prevent the material in rings from forming into moons

B  there is too much material to have fit into the ball of each planet

C  tidal forces cause volcanic eruptions on some moons, and part of this material subsequently escaped the gravity of the moons, forming the rings.

D  their thick gaseous atmospheres would disintegrate any small rock that enter them

E  Jovian planets rotate very rapidly, and some material near the equator of these planets was flung outward, forming the rings

A  Sirius is located 10 ps from Earth.

B  This is an impossible situation. The apparent magnitude can’t be more than the absolute magnitude.

C  Sirius is located greater then 10 ps from Earth.

D  Sirius is located less than 10 ps from Earth.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  4

B  16

C  1/16

D  1/4

A  8

B  7

C  10

D  18

A  Contracting balls of gas with masses below about 75 Jupiter masses actually end up as brown dwarfs, not main-sequence stars.

B  During gravitational contraction, the temperature in the core of a pre-main-sequence star decreases.

C  Stars form from gaint clouds of gas and dust whose collapse and fragmentation (clumping) are due to gravity.

D  Gravitational contraction of a pre-main-sequence star ceases once nuclear reaction begin.

A  Bohr model

B  protons

C  valence shields

D  neutrons

E  electrons

A  speed of light

B  photosphere temperature

C  fusion density

D  core temperature

E  emitted intensity

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Cepheids

B  binary stars

C  brown giants

D  long period variables

A  red

B  green

C  white

D  blue

A  young (< millions of years)

B  > 10 billion years

C  5 billion years

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  the chromosphere is best viewed with a H-alpha filter

B  sunspots and heliosiesmology are associated with the photosphere

C  a photo of the Sun with a x-ray filter will show the chromoshere

D  the corona is the solar wind

A  gravity

B  temperature

C  mass

D  pressure

A  space; the deformation of the glass due to the absence of gravity.

B  refracting; different focal lengths for different wavelengths of light.

C  refracting; the smearing of light due to atmospheric turbulence.

D  reflecting; the smearing of light due to atmospheric turbulence.

E  reflecting; differing focal points from different parts of the mirror.

A  It has one neutron and one proton.

B  It has one electron, so it is not an ion.

C  It is an isotope of hydrogen.

D  It has one more proton than an average hydrogen atom.