Module 1 Exam

A  selective survival

B  cohort effect

C  selective sampling

D  attrition

A  gender effect

B  time of measurement effect

C  age effect

D  cohort effect

A  dependent; independent

B  quasi-experimental; correlational

C  correlational; quasi-experimental

D  independent; dependent

A  ethnographic research

B  cross-sectional research

C  longitudinal research

D  quasi-experimental research

A  theory

B  correlation

C  quasi-experiment

D  experiment

A  a longitudinal design

B  a semi-reliable design

C  a cross-sectional design

D  a quasi-experimental design

A  Reliability; validity

B  Validity; reliability

C  Standardization; variance from the mean

D  Variance from the mean; standardization

A  internally measured; externally measured

B  informed consent; debriefing

C  non-numerical; numerical

D  reliable; valid

A  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

B  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

C  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

D  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

A  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

B  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

C  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

D  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

A  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

B  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

C  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

D  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

A  Informed consent; debriefing

B  Confidentiality; reliability

C  Reliability; confidentiality

D  Debriefing; informed consent

A  Ethical Standard Board

B  Department of Research

C  Institutional Review Board

D  University Research Sponsorship Department

A  standardization

B  validity

C  generalizability

D  reliability

A  hypothesis

B  theory

C  population

D  variable

A  a framework that presents a set of interconnected ideas in an original way and inspires further research

B  a group of people who participate in a research study

C  a statement indicating that participation in the study is voluntary, and that persons may withdraw from participation in the study at any time

D  the way the study is conducted and the data are collected

A  generate a conclusion; isolate variables; determine how variables are related to the conclusion; conduct the research study; and published the findings

B  observe the environment; generate a theory of the phenomenon to be studied; generate possible hypotheses; systematically vary variables; and conduct an experiment

C  identify a question to be investigated; form a hypothesis; choose a research method and a research design; collect data to test the hypothesis; and draw conclusions that lead to new questions and hypotheses

D  collect data to test a theory; manipulate variables within a laboratory setting; conduct a statistical analysis of the data; synthesize the results; and publish the findings

A  collecting data

B  selecting a research method and a research design

C  forming a hypothesis

D  identifying a question of scientific interest

A  nearly everyone lives in a very similar culture

B  culture is damaging and can be devastating to a young child’s development

C  culture should be factored out to determine what really influences development

D  cultural beliefs are the basis for many other conditions of children’s development

A  macrosystem

B  mesosystem

C  exosystem

D  chronosystem

A  macrosystem

B  mesosystem

C  chronosystem

D  exosystem

A  time and historical change

B  cultural beliefs and values, and economic and governmental systems

C  parents, siblings, peers and friends, and teachers

D  schools, religious institutions, and the media

A  mesosystem

B  macrosystem

C  microsystem

D  exosystem

A  macrosystem

B  mesosystem

C  exosystem

D  microsystem

A  Bronfenbrenner

B  Piaget

C  Freud

D  Erikson

A  crisis

B  fixation

C  critical period

D  sensitivity

A  sexuality was even more important than Freud did

B  biological factors were more important in terms of development, and Freud believed that culture was more important

C  personality was set at birth, while Freud thought that it was completed by age 6

D  development continued throughout the lifespan, and Freud believed that only the early years were important

A  conscious, collective unconscious, subcortical unconscious

B  id, ego, superego

C  the self, the shadow, the anima

D  real self, fear self, future self

A  psychosocial

B  psychobiological

C  psychosexual

D  psychocognitive

A  behavioral therapy

B  psychosocial moratorium

C  psychoanalysis

D  humanistic psychology

A  middle-SES; low-SES; middle-SES mothers are more likely to live in rural parts of the country

B  low-SES; high-SES; low-SES mothers are less likely to receive prenatal care

C  middle-SES; high-SES; middle-SES fathers are more likely to be absent from the family

D  high-SES; low-SES; high-SES mothers are not likely to consume fluoride in their drinking water

A  low; high

B  high; moderate

C  high; low

D  moderate; low

A  tax bracket status

B  social class status

C  socioeconomic status

D  education status

A  ethnic populace

B  subcultural groups

C  minority culture

D  majority culture

A  agrarian cultures

B  traditional cultures

C  conventional cultures

D  rural cultures

A  most of the population

B  about half of the middle class

C  the wealthy elite

D  about one fourth of the middle class

A  90%

B  70%

C  30%

D  50%

A  60%

B  20%

C  40%

D  80%

A  40%

B  60%

C  80%

D  20%

A  collective culture

B  developed country

C  individualistic culture

D  developing country

A  Japan

B  Germany

C  the United States

D  Canada

A  27%, 73%

B  37%, 63%

C  47%, 57%

D  18%, 82%

A  Developing countries

B  Collective cultures

C  Individualistic cultures

D  Developed countries

A  population-rich countries

B  developed countries

C  developing countries

D  impoverished countries

A  increase more than developing countries

B  remain stable in population

C  decrease

D  increase slowly

A  emerging countries

B  South American countries

C  developing countries

D  developed countries

A  births per woman

B  women on fertility drugs

C  conceptions per woman

D  fetuses that were spontaneously aborted

A  social networks

B  small world syndrome

C  globalization

D  the Internet

A  the expression of their phenotype

B  the strength of their id

C  their culture

D  their genetic lineage

A  evolution

B  development

C  change

D  growth