Module 1 Exam

A  attrition

B  cohort effect

C  selective survival

D  selective sampling

A  age effect

B  time of measurement effect

C  cohort effect

D  gender effect

A  dependent; independent

B  independent; dependent

C  correlational; quasi-experimental

D  quasi-experimental; correlational

A  longitudinal research

B  ethnographic research

C  cross-sectional research

D  quasi-experimental research

A  correlation

B  quasi-experiment

C  theory

D  experiment

A  a cross-sectional design

B  a semi-reliable design

C  a quasi-experimental design

D  a longitudinal design

A  Standardization; variance from the mean

B  Validity; reliability

C  Reliability; validity

D  Variance from the mean; standardization

A  internally measured; externally measured

B  non-numerical; numerical

C  reliable; valid

D  informed consent; debriefing

A  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

B  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

C  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

D  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

A  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

B  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

C  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

D  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

A  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

B  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

C  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

D  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

A  Informed consent; debriefing

B  Debriefing; informed consent

C  Confidentiality; reliability

D  Reliability; confidentiality

A  Ethical Standard Board

B  Department of Research

C  Institutional Review Board

D  University Research Sponsorship Department

A  reliability

B  standardization

C  generalizability

D  validity

A  population

B  theory

C  variable

D  hypothesis

A  a group of people who participate in a research study

B  the way the study is conducted and the data are collected

C  a framework that presents a set of interconnected ideas in an original way and inspires further research

D  a statement indicating that participation in the study is voluntary, and that persons may withdraw from participation in the study at any time

A  identify a question to be investigated; form a hypothesis; choose a research method and a research design; collect data to test the hypothesis; and draw conclusions that lead to new questions and hypotheses

B  collect data to test a theory; manipulate variables within a laboratory setting; conduct a statistical analysis of the data; synthesize the results; and publish the findings

C  observe the environment; generate a theory of the phenomenon to be studied; generate possible hypotheses; systematically vary variables; and conduct an experiment

D  generate a conclusion; isolate variables; determine how variables are related to the conclusion; conduct the research study; and published the findings

A  forming a hypothesis

B  collecting data

C  identifying a question of scientific interest

D  selecting a research method and a research design

A  cultural beliefs are the basis for many other conditions of children’s development

B  culture is damaging and can be devastating to a young child’s development

C  nearly everyone lives in a very similar culture

D  culture should be factored out to determine what really influences development

A  macrosystem

B  exosystem

C  chronosystem

D  mesosystem

A  macrosystem

B  chronosystem

C  mesosystem

D  exosystem

A  parents, siblings, peers and friends, and teachers

B  schools, religious institutions, and the media

C  time and historical change

D  cultural beliefs and values, and economic and governmental systems

A  mesosystem

B  microsystem

C  exosystem

D  macrosystem

A  exosystem

B  macrosystem

C  mesosystem

D  microsystem

A  Bronfenbrenner

B  Erikson

C  Piaget

D  Freud

A  crisis

B  fixation

C  critical period

D  sensitivity

A  development continued throughout the lifespan, and Freud believed that only the early years were important

B  sexuality was even more important than Freud did

C  biological factors were more important in terms of development, and Freud believed that culture was more important

D  personality was set at birth, while Freud thought that it was completed by age 6

A  real self, fear self, future self

B  id, ego, superego

C  the self, the shadow, the anima

D  conscious, collective unconscious, subcortical unconscious

A  psychocognitive

B  psychosocial

C  psychosexual

D  psychobiological

A  behavioral therapy

B  psychosocial moratorium

C  humanistic psychology

D  psychoanalysis

A  middle-SES; high-SES; middle-SES fathers are more likely to be absent from the family

B  middle-SES; low-SES; middle-SES mothers are more likely to live in rural parts of the country

C  low-SES; high-SES; low-SES mothers are less likely to receive prenatal care

D  high-SES; low-SES; high-SES mothers are not likely to consume fluoride in their drinking water

A  moderate; low

B  low; high

C  high; low

D  high; moderate

A  tax bracket status

B  social class status

C  education status

D  socioeconomic status

A  ethnic populace

B  majority culture

C  subcultural groups

D  minority culture

A  agrarian cultures

B  conventional cultures

C  rural cultures

D  traditional cultures

A  the wealthy elite

B  about half of the middle class

C  most of the population

D  about one fourth of the middle class

A  70%

B  30%

C  90%

D  50%

A  20%

B  40%

C  80%

D  60%

A  80%

B  40%

C  60%

D  20%

A  developed country

B  developing country

C  individualistic culture

D  collective culture

A  Japan

B  Canada

C  the United States

D  Germany

A  37%, 63%

B  18%, 82%

C  47%, 57%

D  27%, 73%

A  Collective cultures

B  Developing countries

C  Developed countries

D  Individualistic cultures

A  developed countries

B  impoverished countries

C  developing countries

D  population-rich countries

A  increase slowly

B  decrease

C  increase more than developing countries

D  remain stable in population

A  developing countries

B  emerging countries

C  developed countries

D  South American countries

A  conceptions per woman

B  fetuses that were spontaneously aborted

C  births per woman

D  women on fertility drugs

A  small world syndrome

B  the Internet

C  globalization

D  social networks

A  their culture

B  the expression of their phenotype

C  the strength of their id

D  their genetic lineage

A  development

B  evolution

C  change

D  growth