Module 1 Exam

A  cohort effect

B  selective survival

C  selective sampling

D  attrition

A  time of measurement effect

B  cohort effect

C  gender effect

D  age effect

A  independent; dependent

B  dependent; independent

C  quasi-experimental; correlational

D  correlational; quasi-experimental

A  longitudinal research

B  cross-sectional research

C  ethnographic research

D  quasi-experimental research

A  theory

B  correlation

C  experiment

D  quasi-experiment

A  a semi-reliable design

B  a quasi-experimental design

C  a cross-sectional design

D  a longitudinal design

A  Variance from the mean; standardization

B  Standardization; variance from the mean

C  Validity; reliability

D  Reliability; validity

A  non-numerical; numerical

B  informed consent; debriefing

C  reliable; valid

D  internally measured; externally measured

A  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

B  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

C  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

D  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

A  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

B  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

C  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

D  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

A  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

B  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

C  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

D  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

A  Debriefing; informed consent

B  Confidentiality; reliability

C  Reliability; confidentiality

D  Informed consent; debriefing

A  Ethical Standard Board

B  University Research Sponsorship Department

C  Institutional Review Board

D  Department of Research

A  standardization

B  reliability

C  validity

D  generalizability

A  variable

B  theory

C  population

D  hypothesis

A  a group of people who participate in a research study

B  the way the study is conducted and the data are collected

C  a statement indicating that participation in the study is voluntary, and that persons may withdraw from participation in the study at any time

D  a framework that presents a set of interconnected ideas in an original way and inspires further research

A  generate a conclusion; isolate variables; determine how variables are related to the conclusion; conduct the research study; and published the findings

B  identify a question to be investigated; form a hypothesis; choose a research method and a research design; collect data to test the hypothesis; and draw conclusions that lead to new questions and hypotheses

C  observe the environment; generate a theory of the phenomenon to be studied; generate possible hypotheses; systematically vary variables; and conduct an experiment

D  collect data to test a theory; manipulate variables within a laboratory setting; conduct a statistical analysis of the data; synthesize the results; and publish the findings

A  identifying a question of scientific interest

B  forming a hypothesis

C  selecting a research method and a research design

D  collecting data

A  culture should be factored out to determine what really influences development

B  culture is damaging and can be devastating to a young child’s development

C  nearly everyone lives in a very similar culture

D  cultural beliefs are the basis for many other conditions of children’s development

A  macrosystem

B  mesosystem

C  exosystem

D  chronosystem

A  mesosystem

B  macrosystem

C  chronosystem

D  exosystem

A  time and historical change

B  parents, siblings, peers and friends, and teachers

C  cultural beliefs and values, and economic and governmental systems

D  schools, religious institutions, and the media

A  mesosystem

B  macrosystem

C  microsystem

D  exosystem

A  exosystem

B  macrosystem

C  microsystem

D  mesosystem

A  Erikson

B  Freud

C  Bronfenbrenner

D  Piaget

A  critical period

B  crisis

C  fixation

D  sensitivity

A  personality was set at birth, while Freud thought that it was completed by age 6

B  development continued throughout the lifespan, and Freud believed that only the early years were important

C  sexuality was even more important than Freud did

D  biological factors were more important in terms of development, and Freud believed that culture was more important

A  the self, the shadow, the anima

B  conscious, collective unconscious, subcortical unconscious

C  id, ego, superego

D  real self, fear self, future self

A  psychosocial

B  psychocognitive

C  psychobiological

D  psychosexual

A  psychosocial moratorium

B  psychoanalysis

C  behavioral therapy

D  humanistic psychology

A  middle-SES; high-SES; middle-SES fathers are more likely to be absent from the family

B  low-SES; high-SES; low-SES mothers are less likely to receive prenatal care

C  middle-SES; low-SES; middle-SES mothers are more likely to live in rural parts of the country

D  high-SES; low-SES; high-SES mothers are not likely to consume fluoride in their drinking water

A  moderate; low

B  high; low

C  low; high

D  high; moderate

A  tax bracket status

B  education status

C  social class status

D  socioeconomic status

A  majority culture

B  ethnic populace

C  subcultural groups

D  minority culture

A  rural cultures

B  conventional cultures

C  traditional cultures

D  agrarian cultures

A  the wealthy elite

B  most of the population

C  about half of the middle class

D  about one fourth of the middle class

A  90%

B  70%

C  30%

D  50%

A  80%

B  20%

C  60%

D  40%

A  80%

B  60%

C  40%

D  20%

A  individualistic culture

B  developing country

C  developed country

D  collective culture

A  Canada

B  Japan

C  Germany

D  the United States

A  37%, 63%

B  18%, 82%

C  47%, 57%

D  27%, 73%

A  Developing countries

B  Developed countries

C  Individualistic cultures

D  Collective cultures

A  developed countries

B  population-rich countries

C  impoverished countries

D  developing countries

A  decrease

B  remain stable in population

C  increase slowly

D  increase more than developing countries

A  South American countries

B  developed countries

C  emerging countries

D  developing countries

A  women on fertility drugs

B  fetuses that were spontaneously aborted

C  births per woman

D  conceptions per woman

A  the Internet

B  social networks

C  globalization

D  small world syndrome

A  the expression of their phenotype

B  their culture

C  the strength of their id

D  their genetic lineage

A  development

B  growth

C  change

D  evolution