Module 1 Exam

A  attrition

B  cohort effect

C  selective survival

D  selective sampling

A  gender effect

B  age effect

C  cohort effect

D  time of measurement effect

A  independent; dependent

B  quasi-experimental; correlational

C  correlational; quasi-experimental

D  dependent; independent

A  ethnographic research

B  longitudinal research

C  cross-sectional research

D  quasi-experimental research

A  experiment

B  correlation

C  theory

D  quasi-experiment

A  a longitudinal design

B  a cross-sectional design

C  a quasi-experimental design

D  a semi-reliable design

A  Standardization; variance from the mean

B  Validity; reliability

C  Reliability; validity

D  Variance from the mean; standardization

A  informed consent; debriefing

B  internally measured; externally measured

C  reliable; valid

D  non-numerical; numerical

A  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

B  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

C  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

D  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

A  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

B  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

C  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

D  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

A  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

B  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

C  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

D  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

A  Debriefing; informed consent

B  Informed consent; debriefing

C  Confidentiality; reliability

D  Reliability; confidentiality

A  Institutional Review Board

B  University Research Sponsorship Department

C  Department of Research

D  Ethical Standard Board

A  standardization

B  reliability

C  validity

D  generalizability

A  variable

B  population

C  theory

D  hypothesis

A  a framework that presents a set of interconnected ideas in an original way and inspires further research

B  a group of people who participate in a research study

C  the way the study is conducted and the data are collected

D  a statement indicating that participation in the study is voluntary, and that persons may withdraw from participation in the study at any time

A  observe the environment; generate a theory of the phenomenon to be studied; generate possible hypotheses; systematically vary variables; and conduct an experiment

B  collect data to test a theory; manipulate variables within a laboratory setting; conduct a statistical analysis of the data; synthesize the results; and publish the findings

C  identify a question to be investigated; form a hypothesis; choose a research method and a research design; collect data to test the hypothesis; and draw conclusions that lead to new questions and hypotheses

D  generate a conclusion; isolate variables; determine how variables are related to the conclusion; conduct the research study; and published the findings

A  selecting a research method and a research design

B  forming a hypothesis

C  identifying a question of scientific interest

D  collecting data

A  culture is damaging and can be devastating to a young child’s development

B  nearly everyone lives in a very similar culture

C  cultural beliefs are the basis for many other conditions of children’s development

D  culture should be factored out to determine what really influences development

A  chronosystem

B  exosystem

C  macrosystem

D  mesosystem

A  mesosystem

B  macrosystem

C  exosystem

D  chronosystem

A  time and historical change

B  schools, religious institutions, and the media

C  cultural beliefs and values, and economic and governmental systems

D  parents, siblings, peers and friends, and teachers

A  macrosystem

B  microsystem

C  exosystem

D  mesosystem

A  exosystem

B  macrosystem

C  mesosystem

D  microsystem

A  Freud

B  Bronfenbrenner

C  Piaget

D  Erikson

A  crisis

B  sensitivity

C  critical period

D  fixation

A  biological factors were more important in terms of development, and Freud believed that culture was more important

B  development continued throughout the lifespan, and Freud believed that only the early years were important

C  sexuality was even more important than Freud did

D  personality was set at birth, while Freud thought that it was completed by age 6

A  real self, fear self, future self

B  id, ego, superego

C  the self, the shadow, the anima

D  conscious, collective unconscious, subcortical unconscious

A  psychosocial

B  psychobiological

C  psychosexual

D  psychocognitive

A  psychoanalysis

B  behavioral therapy

C  humanistic psychology

D  psychosocial moratorium

A  middle-SES; low-SES; middle-SES mothers are more likely to live in rural parts of the country

B  middle-SES; high-SES; middle-SES fathers are more likely to be absent from the family

C  high-SES; low-SES; high-SES mothers are not likely to consume fluoride in their drinking water

D  low-SES; high-SES; low-SES mothers are less likely to receive prenatal care

A  low; high

B  high; low

C  high; moderate

D  moderate; low

A  education status

B  socioeconomic status

C  tax bracket status

D  social class status

A  minority culture

B  majority culture

C  ethnic populace

D  subcultural groups

A  rural cultures

B  traditional cultures

C  agrarian cultures

D  conventional cultures

A  about half of the middle class

B  most of the population

C  about one fourth of the middle class

D  the wealthy elite

A  70%

B  50%

C  90%

D  30%

A  80%

B  40%

C  60%

D  20%

A  40%

B  20%

C  80%

D  60%

A  developed country

B  individualistic culture

C  collective culture

D  developing country

A  Japan

B  the United States

C  Canada

D  Germany

A  18%, 82%

B  47%, 57%

C  27%, 73%

D  37%, 63%

A  Individualistic cultures

B  Developing countries

C  Developed countries

D  Collective cultures

A  impoverished countries

B  developing countries

C  population-rich countries

D  developed countries

A  increase slowly

B  increase more than developing countries

C  decrease

D  remain stable in population

A  developing countries

B  emerging countries

C  developed countries

D  South American countries

A  conceptions per woman

B  fetuses that were spontaneously aborted

C  women on fertility drugs

D  births per woman

A  the Internet

B  globalization

C  social networks

D  small world syndrome

A  their culture

B  their genetic lineage

C  the strength of their id

D  the expression of their phenotype

A  change

B  growth

C  development

D  evolution