Module 1 Exam

A  cohort effect

B  attrition

C  selective sampling

D  selective survival

A  age effect

B  gender effect

C  cohort effect

D  time of measurement effect

A  correlational; quasi-experimental

B  independent; dependent

C  dependent; independent

D  quasi-experimental; correlational

A  ethnographic research

B  cross-sectional research

C  quasi-experimental research

D  longitudinal research

A  correlation

B  theory

C  quasi-experiment

D  experiment

A  a cross-sectional design

B  a quasi-experimental design

C  a semi-reliable design

D  a longitudinal design

A  Validity; reliability

B  Variance from the mean; standardization

C  Standardization; variance from the mean

D  Reliability; validity

A  informed consent; debriefing

B  non-numerical; numerical

C  internally measured; externally measured

D  reliable; valid

A  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

B  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

C  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

D  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

A  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

B  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

C  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

D  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

A  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

B  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

C  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

D  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

A  Reliability; confidentiality

B  Debriefing; informed consent

C  Informed consent; debriefing

D  Confidentiality; reliability

A  University Research Sponsorship Department

B  Institutional Review Board

C  Ethical Standard Board

D  Department of Research

A  reliability

B  generalizability

C  standardization

D  validity

A  variable

B  population

C  theory

D  hypothesis

A  a statement indicating that participation in the study is voluntary, and that persons may withdraw from participation in the study at any time

B  the way the study is conducted and the data are collected

C  a group of people who participate in a research study

D  a framework that presents a set of interconnected ideas in an original way and inspires further research

A  identify a question to be investigated; form a hypothesis; choose a research method and a research design; collect data to test the hypothesis; and draw conclusions that lead to new questions and hypotheses

B  collect data to test a theory; manipulate variables within a laboratory setting; conduct a statistical analysis of the data; synthesize the results; and publish the findings

C  generate a conclusion; isolate variables; determine how variables are related to the conclusion; conduct the research study; and published the findings

D  observe the environment; generate a theory of the phenomenon to be studied; generate possible hypotheses; systematically vary variables; and conduct an experiment

A  identifying a question of scientific interest

B  selecting a research method and a research design

C  collecting data

D  forming a hypothesis

A  nearly everyone lives in a very similar culture

B  culture should be factored out to determine what really influences development

C  culture is damaging and can be devastating to a young child’s development

D  cultural beliefs are the basis for many other conditions of children’s development

A  exosystem

B  macrosystem

C  chronosystem

D  mesosystem

A  chronosystem

B  exosystem

C  macrosystem

D  mesosystem

A  cultural beliefs and values, and economic and governmental systems

B  schools, religious institutions, and the media

C  time and historical change

D  parents, siblings, peers and friends, and teachers

A  mesosystem

B  macrosystem

C  microsystem

D  exosystem

A  mesosystem

B  microsystem

C  exosystem

D  macrosystem

A  Freud

B  Bronfenbrenner

C  Piaget

D  Erikson

A  fixation

B  crisis

C  sensitivity

D  critical period

A  biological factors were more important in terms of development, and Freud believed that culture was more important

B  development continued throughout the lifespan, and Freud believed that only the early years were important

C  sexuality was even more important than Freud did

D  personality was set at birth, while Freud thought that it was completed by age 6

A  the self, the shadow, the anima

B  conscious, collective unconscious, subcortical unconscious

C  id, ego, superego

D  real self, fear self, future self

A  psychocognitive

B  psychosocial

C  psychosexual

D  psychobiological

A  psychoanalysis

B  humanistic psychology

C  behavioral therapy

D  psychosocial moratorium

A  low-SES; high-SES; low-SES mothers are less likely to receive prenatal care

B  high-SES; low-SES; high-SES mothers are not likely to consume fluoride in their drinking water

C  middle-SES; high-SES; middle-SES fathers are more likely to be absent from the family

D  middle-SES; low-SES; middle-SES mothers are more likely to live in rural parts of the country

A  high; low

B  moderate; low

C  low; high

D  high; moderate

A  tax bracket status

B  social class status

C  socioeconomic status

D  education status

A  minority culture

B  subcultural groups

C  majority culture

D  ethnic populace

A  traditional cultures

B  conventional cultures

C  rural cultures

D  agrarian cultures

A  most of the population

B  the wealthy elite

C  about half of the middle class

D  about one fourth of the middle class

A  70%

B  30%

C  50%

D  90%

A  20%

B  80%

C  60%

D  40%

A  40%

B  60%

C  80%

D  20%

A  collective culture

B  developed country

C  developing country

D  individualistic culture

A  Germany

B  Canada

C  the United States

D  Japan

A  18%, 82%

B  27%, 73%

C  37%, 63%

D  47%, 57%

A  Developed countries

B  Collective cultures

C  Individualistic cultures

D  Developing countries

A  developing countries

B  developed countries

C  population-rich countries

D  impoverished countries

A  decrease

B  increase slowly

C  increase more than developing countries

D  remain stable in population

A  South American countries

B  emerging countries

C  developing countries

D  developed countries

A  conceptions per woman

B  women on fertility drugs

C  fetuses that were spontaneously aborted

D  births per woman

A  small world syndrome

B  the Internet

C  globalization

D  social networks

A  their culture

B  their genetic lineage

C  the strength of their id

D  the expression of their phenotype

A  change

B  development

C  growth

D  evolution