Lecture Exam 3 (2)

A  proteins into lipids.

B  a bolus into chyme.

C  chyle into pepsin.

D  food into chyle.

E  foodstuffs into bile.

A  e, b, d, c, a, f

B  b, d, c, a, f, e

C  f, c, d, e, a, b

D  b, a, c, d, f, e

E  e, b, a, c, d, f

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  CCK; stomach to increase gastric secretion

B  secretin; pancreas to release acidic pancreatic juice

C  secretin; stomach to increase motility

D  CCK; gallbladder to release bile

E  gastrin; liver to secrete an alkaline solution

A  peptides within the small intestine.

B  amino acids within the stomach.

C  complex carbohydrates within the small intestine.

D  disaccharides within the duodenum.

E  starch within the stomach.

A  mechanoreceptors.

B  chemoreceptors.

C  bilireceptors.

D  omental neurons

E  osmodetectors.

A  Salivary glands

B  Pharynx

C  Tongue

D  Teeth

E  Pancreas

A  posterior to the parietal peritoneum.

B  between the visceral and parietal layers of the peritoneum.

C  deep to the visceral peritoneum.

D  in the peritoneal cavity.

E  between folds of the parietal peritoneum.

A  esophagus.

B  stomach.

C  oral cavity.

D  small intestine.

E  pharynx.

A  Hepatic ligament

B  Intraperitoneal ligament

C  Mesentery proper

D  Falciform ligament

E  Coronary ligament

A  cementum.

B  pulp.

C  enamel.

D  calcium phosphate.

E  dentin.

A  glossus

B  conchae

C  choana

D  fossae

E  fauces

A  serosa.

B  submucosa.

C  muscularis interna.

D  adventitia.

E  mucosa.

A  “Sweet” taste receptors are slower to respond than others

B  Phagocytosis by the pharyngeal tonsils produces by-products that taste sweet

C  Activity of bacteria in the mouth lowers the pH

D  Esophageal reflux

E  Salivary amylase activity

A  chemically digesting organ.

B  accessory digestive organ.

C  alimentary canal organ.

D  diffuse ingestive structure.

E  organ of mastication.

A  passage of chyme into the duodenum.

B  mucus secretion.

C  peristalsis.

D  passage of a bolus into the stomach.

E  passage of bile and pancreatic juice into the duodenum.

A  cilia.

B  rugae.

C  papillae.

D  tonsils.

E  glossal spines.

A  Hydrochloric acid

B  Gastrin

C  Pancreatic amylase

D  Bile

A  Omental layer

B  Parietal peritoneum

C  Visceral peritoneum

D  Rectal peritoneum

E  Muscularis mucosa

A  low.

B  high.

A  Villi

B  Simple columnar epithelium

C  Intestinal glands

D  Lymphatic nodules

E  Goblet cells

A  Hepatopancreatic duct

B  Pancreatic duct

C  Hepatic duct

D  Cystic duct

E  Common bile duct

A  basal nuclei of the cerebrum activate somatic pathways to salivary glands.

B  glossopharyngeal nuclei of the pons activate somatic and sympathetic pathways to the salivary glands.

C  basal nuclei of the brainstem activate sympathetic pathways to salivary glands.

D  salivary nuclei of the brainstem activate parasympathetic pathways to salivary glands.

E  salivary nuclei of the cerebrum activate sympathetic pathways to salivary glands.

A  increase surface area in the small intestine.

B  generate movement of materials in the large intestine.

C  are found throughout the gastrointestinal tract, generate movement of materials in the large intestine, increase surface area in the small intestine, and contain both smooth and skeletal muscle fibers.

D  are found throughout the gastrointestinal tract.

E  contain both smooth and skeletal muscle fibers.

A  active enzyme that is released in the small intestine and digests carbohydrates.

B  inactive precursor to the enzyme pepsin that digests proteins in the stomach.

C  inactive precursor to a nonspecific enzyme that is synthesized in the pancreas and released in the small intestine.

D  active enzyme that digests proteins within the small intestine.

A  Alveolar ducts

B  Pharynx

C  Bronchioles

D  Esophagus

E  Trachea

A  the high degree of moisture and the large ratio of volume to surface area.

B  its thinness, high water content, and scarcity of capillaries.

C  its large surface area and minimal thickness.

D  its hearty thickness and the presence of oxygen transport pumps.

A  expands the rib cage.

B  increases the pressure in the thoracic cavity.

C  flattens the floor of the thoracic cavity.

D  stimulates the phrenic nerve.

E  increases the volume of the thoracic cavity.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  It has 2 lobes and 1 fissure.

B  It has an esophageal depression.

C  It has a cardiac notch.

D  It is slightly smaller than the right lung.

E  It has a cardiac impression.

A  atmospheric pressure is greater than intrapulmonary pressure.

B  intrapleural pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure.

C  intrapleural pressure is greater than intrapulmonary pressure.

D  intrapulmonary pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure.

A  Superior to the larynx

B  Between the esophagus and the diaphragm

C  Between the trachea and the diaphragm

D  Between the larynx and the pharynx

E  Between the esophagus and the trachea

A  peripheral; blood concentrations of H+ and O2

B  peripheral; cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of H+

C  central; cerebrospinal concentrations of CO2

D  peripheral; concentrations of carbon, dust, and pollution in the lungs

E  central; blood concentrations of H+, but not CO2 and O2

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  rigidity; anterior

B  rigidity; posterior

C  flexibility; posterior

D  flexibility; anterior

A  decreases elasticity, thereby decreasing both resistance and airflow.

B  increases elasticity, thereby increasing resistance and decreasing airflow.

C  decreases elasticity, thereby increasing resistance and decreasing airflow.

D  increases elasticity, thereby decreasing resistance and increasing airflow.

A  is the point of entrance for inhaled air.

B  serves to anchor all pulmonary structures to the mediastinum.

C  is an indented area through which the bronchi, pulmonary vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves pass.

D  is the point of exit of exhaled air.

E  is an elevated area through which the trachea, pulmonary vessels, and nerves pass.

A  Ventral respiratory group

B  Phrenic nucleus

C  Dorsal respiratory group

D  Pontine respiratory center

A  calcium and carbon dioxide.

B  iron and albumin.

C  carbonic acid and bicarbonate ions.

D  carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions.

A  b, d, c, a

B  d, c, b, a

C  a, c, d, b

D  c, a, d, b

E  b, a, d, c

A  The alveoli of the lungs

B  The blood circulating in systemic arteries

C  The systemic cells

A  enteric

B  somatic

C  autonomic

A  Nasal cavity

B  Trachea

C  Larynx

D  Bronchi

E  Alveoli

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Each lung has four secondary bronchi.

B  The right lung has two secondary bronchi and the left lung has three secondary bronchi.

C  Each lung has three secondary bronchi.

D  The left lung has two secondary bronchi and the right lung has three secondary bronchi.

E  Each lung has two secondary bronchi.

A  Terminal bronchioles

B  Alveolar sacs

C  Pulmonary alveoli

D  Alveolar ducts

E  Respiratory bronchioles

A  directly; inversely

B  inversely; directly

C  inversely; inversely

D  directly; directly

A  The internal epithelium

B  The internal air pressure within the trachea

C  The surrounding muscles

D  The C-shaped cartilaginous rings

A  Oxygen diffuses from the alveolus to the blood because the alveolus has a lower partial pressure of oxygen.

B  Oxygen diffuses from the alveolus to the blood because the alveolus has a higher partial pressure of oxygen.

C  Oxygen diffuses from the blood to the alveolus because the alveolus has a lower partial pressure of oxygen.

D  Oxygen diffuses from the blood to the alveolus because the alveolus has a higher partial pressure of oxygen.

A  intrapulmonary pressure is less than intrapleural pressure.

B  intrapleural pressure is less than intrapulmonary pressure.

C  intrapleural pressure is exactly equal to intrapulmonary pressure.

D  intrapleural pressure is exactly equal to atmospheric pressure.