Lecture Exam 4

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Question #1

Which of the following is not a function of the nurse cells?

A They secrete androgen-binding protein.

B They secrete inhibin.

C Their tight junctions form the blood-testis barrier.

D They protect and support the germ cells.

E They secrete testosterone.

Question #2

Sexual reproduction entails the union of two gonads to form a zygote

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #3

The ________ muscle is located in the urinary bladder.

A corpus cavernosum

B detrusor

C pubococcygeus

D corpus spongiosum

E distractor

Question #4

Where are follicles located?

A Epithelium of the endometrium

B Center of the ovum

C Cortex of the ovary

D Medulla of the ovary

E Epithelium of the placenta

Question #5

Aldosterone acts on the ________.

A medullary portion of the collecting duct

B descending limb of the nephron loop

C proximal convoluted tubule

D distal convoluted tubule

E glomerulus

Question #6

Oxytocin stimulates contraction of myoepithelial cell of the mammary acini.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #7

Men have only one ________.

A ejaculatory duct

B seminal vesicle

C corpus cavernosum

D prostate

E bulbourethral gland

Question #8

Hypocalcemia stimulates ________.

A vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles

B secretion of parathyroid hormone

C secretion of renin

D an increase in blood urea nitrogen

E a decrease in aldosterone production

Question #9

The penis is homologous to the ________.

A urethra

B mons pubis

C labia minora

D vagina

E clitoris

Question #10

The acrosome contains enzymes used to ________.

A penetrate the vagina

B penetrate barriers surrounding the ovum

C dissolve the mucosa of the uterus

D dissolve the mucosa of the vagina

E dissolve the stickiness of the semen

Question #11

The innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as the ________.

A renal medulla

B hilum

C renal fascia

D perirenal fat capsule

E fibrous capsule

Question #12

The countercurrent heat exchanger that prevents arterial blood from overheating the testes is the ________.

A rete testis

B epididymis

C blood-testis barrier

D scrotal portal system

E pampiniform plexus of veins

Question #13

Males produce sperm and females produce eggs.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #14

Which of the following is the correct pathway of sperm cells from their formation to ejaculation?

A Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

B Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, urethra, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens

C Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

D Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra, ductus deferens

E Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens, urethra

Question #15

________ stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to secrete ________.

A Luteinizing hormone (LH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

B Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

C Luteinizing hormone (LH); testosterone

D Luteinizing hormone (LH); estrogen

E Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); LH

Question #16

Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

A Increased urine acidity

B Decreased urine volume

C Increased urine volume

D Increased urine salinity

E Decreased urine molarity

Question #17

The transition from an afferent arteriole to an efferent arteriole occurs in the ________.

A glomerulus

B vasa recta

C peritubular capillaries

D cortical radiate veins

E medulla

Question #18

At early puberty, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulate enlargement of the testes.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #19

Blood plasma is filtered in the ________.

A renal column

B renal calyx

C renal tubule

D renal capsule

E renal corpuscle

Question #20

Which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?

A The urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females.

B The kidneys are retroperitoneal.

C The right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left kidney.

D The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.

E The ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

Question #21

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

A A drop in oncotic pressure

B An increase in osmotic pressure in the glomerular capsule

C Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole

D Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole

E Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole

Question #22

The ________ is the small, bilateral organ found lateral to the membranous urethra.

A urethra

B seminal vesicle

C bulbourethral gland

D ejaculatory duct

E prostate

Question #23

Which of the following is generally accepted as a secondary sex characteristic?

A The vagina

B The prostate

C The enlargement of the breasts

D The uterus

E The presence of testes

Question #24

In meiosis, each parent cell produces ________.

A haploid (n) cells that are identical to the parent cell

B two diploid (2n) cells

C two haploid (n) cells

D four diploid (2n) cells

E four haploid (n) cells

Question #25

Why would an enlarged prostate interfere with urination?

A It produces thicker prostatic secretions that block the urethra.

B It compresses the urethra.

C It inhibits urine production.

D It inhibits the micturition reflex.

E It develops calcified deposits that block the urethra.

Question #26

What hormone(s) inhibit(s) the secretion of FSH and LH during the female sexual cycle?

A Estradiol and progesterone

B Androgens

C GnRH

D Estradiol

E Progesterone

Question #27

When it is cold, the ________ contracts and draws the testes closer to the body to keep them warm.

A cremaster

B corpus cavernosum

C pampiniform plexus

D corpus spongiosum

E perineum

Question #28

In which structure does fertilization usually occur?

A Urinary bladder

B Uterus

C Ovary

D Uterine tube

E Urethra

Question #29

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here, the ________ of one’s nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one’s daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

A loops of Henle

B collecting ducts

C distal convoluted tubules

D glomeruli

E proximal convoluted tubules

Question #30

After puberty, which epithelium lines the vagina?

A Stratified squamous epithelium

B Simple columnar epithelium

C Simple squamous epithelium

D Simple cuboidal epithelium

E Transitional epithelium

Question #31

The ________ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production, while the function of its ________ innervation is unknown.

A sympathetic; parasympathetic

B peripheral; central

C parasympathetic; sympathetic

D central; peripheral

E enteric; somatic

Question #32

Which of the following is inhibited by testosterone?

A Libido

B Sperm production

C Development of secondary sex organs

D Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion

E Development of secondary sex characteristics

Question #33

In ovulation, after expelling the oocyte the follicle becomes a ________ and secretes ________.

A corpus albicans; progesterone

B corpus luteum; FSH and LH

C corpus luteum; estrogen and progesterone

D corpus albicans; estrogen and progesterone

E corpus albicans; FSH and LH

Question #34

The ________ is not an organ of the urinary system.

A urethra

B kidney

C ureter

D urinary bladder

E liver

Question #35

Which of the following is true regarding the blood-testis barrier?

A It maintains testis temperature at 37°C.

B It prevents heat loss from the testes.

C It prevents blood from getting to the testes.

D It maintains testis temperature at 35°C.

E It prevents antibodies in the blood from getting to the germ cells.

Question #36

The ________ is the site of sperm maturation and storage.

A seminiferous tubules

B spermatic cord

C rete testis

D epididymis

E ductus (vas) deferens

Question #37

Assuming all other values are normal, calculate the net filtration pressure in a patient with a drop in capsular hydrostatic pressure to 8 mmHg.

A 30 mm Hg out

B 40 mm Hg out

C 50 mm Hg out

D 10 mm Hg out

E 20 mm Hg out

Question #38

In life threatening starvation, the kidneys synthesize glucose by ________.

A producing uric acid

B secreting renin

C deaminating amino acids

D contributing to calcium homeostasis

E secreting erythropoietin

Question #39

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

A They indirectly increase oxyhemoglobin.

B They help control blood pressure.

C They regulate osmolarity of the body fluids.

D They fight osteoporosis by synthesizing vitamin D.

E They release waste into the bloodstream.

Question #40

The deep region of the penis, surrounding the urethra, that engorges with blood during an erection is known as the ________.

A ductus (vas) deferens

B corpus spongiosum

C epididymis

D scrotum

E corpus cavernosum

Question #41

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal artery into the renal cortex?

A Interlobar a. → interlobular a. → segmental a. → arcuate a.

B Arcuate a. → interlobar a. → afferent arteriole → interlobular a.

C Segmental a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a. → interlobular a.

D Segmental a. → interlobar a. →arcuate a. → interlobular a.

E Afferent arteriole → interlobular a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a.

Question #42

A single lobe of a kidney is comprised of ________.

A two calyces and a renal pelvis

B a renal medulla and two renal columns

C one major calyx and all of its minor calyces

D one collecting duct and all nephrons that drain into it

E one pyramid and the overlying cortex

Question #43

Which uterine layer is composed of a simple columnar epithelium containing tubular glands?

A Endometrium

B Myometrium

C Fimbrium

D Perimetrium

E Cervix

Question #44

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen, which is released from the ________, to form angiotensin I.

A kidneys

B heart

C spleen

D lungs

E liver

Question #45

When does oogenesis begin?

A During embryonic development

B At birth

C During pubarche

D During menarche

E During thelarche

Question #46

Sperm travels to the ampulla of the ductus deferens before reaching the spermatic cord.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #47

The mechanism of stabilizing the GFR based on the tendency of smooth muscle to contract when stretched is known as ________.

A the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism

B sympathetic control

C renal autoregulation

D tubuloglomerular feedback

E the myogenic mechanism

Question #48

What do lutein cells develop from?

A The granulosa cells

B The corona radiata

C The corpus luteum

D The theca interna

E The corpus albicans

Question #49

The urine is most likely to be hypotonic when the ________.

A output of natriuretic peptides is high

B body’s water volume is high

C body’s pH is low

D person is lost and deprived of drinking water

E output of antidiuretic hormone is high

Question #50

The ________ is not a portion of the urethra.

A spongy urethra

B external urethral orifice

C membranous urethra

D internal urethral sphincter

E prostatic urethra

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