Lecture Exam 4

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Question #1

Which of the following is not a function of the nurse cells?

A They protect and support the germ cells.

B They secrete androgen-binding protein.

C They secrete inhibin.

D They secrete testosterone.

E Their tight junctions form the blood-testis barrier.

Question #2

Sexual reproduction entails the union of two gonads to form a zygote

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #3

The ________ muscle is located in the urinary bladder.

A detrusor

B corpus cavernosum

C corpus spongiosum

D distractor

E pubococcygeus

Question #4

Where are follicles located?

A Epithelium of the endometrium

B Epithelium of the placenta

C Medulla of the ovary

D Cortex of the ovary

E Center of the ovum

Question #5

Aldosterone acts on the ________.

A proximal convoluted tubule

B glomerulus

C distal convoluted tubule

D descending limb of the nephron loop

E medullary portion of the collecting duct

Question #6

Oxytocin stimulates contraction of myoepithelial cell of the mammary acini.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #7

Men have only one ________.

A prostate

B bulbourethral gland

C seminal vesicle

D ejaculatory duct

E corpus cavernosum

Question #8

Hypocalcemia stimulates ________.

A an increase in blood urea nitrogen

B secretion of renin

C vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles

D secretion of parathyroid hormone

E a decrease in aldosterone production

Question #9

The penis is homologous to the ________.

A mons pubis

B urethra

C labia minora

D vagina

E clitoris

Question #10

The acrosome contains enzymes used to ________.

A penetrate the vagina

B dissolve the mucosa of the uterus

C penetrate barriers surrounding the ovum

D dissolve the mucosa of the vagina

E dissolve the stickiness of the semen

Question #11

The innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as the ________.

A perirenal fat capsule

B renal medulla

C hilum

D fibrous capsule

E renal fascia

Question #12

The countercurrent heat exchanger that prevents arterial blood from overheating the testes is the ________.

A rete testis

B blood-testis barrier

C epididymis

D scrotal portal system

E pampiniform plexus of veins

Question #13

Males produce sperm and females produce eggs.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #14

Which of the following is the correct pathway of sperm cells from their formation to ejaculation?

A Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

B Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra, ductus deferens

C Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens, urethra

D Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, urethra, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens

E Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

Question #15

________ stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to secrete ________.

A Luteinizing hormone (LH); estrogen

B Luteinizing hormone (LH); testosterone

C Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

D Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); LH

E Luteinizing hormone (LH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

Question #16

Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

A Increased urine volume

B Decreased urine volume

C Increased urine acidity

D Decreased urine molarity

E Increased urine salinity

Question #17

The transition from an afferent arteriole to an efferent arteriole occurs in the ________.

A medulla

B vasa recta

C peritubular capillaries

D glomerulus

E cortical radiate veins

Question #18

At early puberty, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulate enlargement of the testes.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #19

Blood plasma is filtered in the ________.

A renal corpuscle

B renal tubule

C renal column

D renal capsule

E renal calyx

Question #20

Which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?

A The right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left kidney.

B The urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females.

C The ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

D The kidneys are retroperitoneal.

E The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.

Question #21

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

A An increase in osmotic pressure in the glomerular capsule

B A drop in oncotic pressure

C Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole

D Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole

E Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole

Question #22

The ________ is the small, bilateral organ found lateral to the membranous urethra.

A urethra

B bulbourethral gland

C ejaculatory duct

D seminal vesicle

E prostate

Question #23

Which of the following is generally accepted as a secondary sex characteristic?

A The enlargement of the breasts

B The prostate

C The vagina

D The presence of testes

E The uterus

Question #24

In meiosis, each parent cell produces ________.

A haploid (n) cells that are identical to the parent cell

B four haploid (n) cells

C four diploid (2n) cells

D two diploid (2n) cells

E two haploid (n) cells

Question #25

Why would an enlarged prostate interfere with urination?

A It inhibits urine production.

B It develops calcified deposits that block the urethra.

C It produces thicker prostatic secretions that block the urethra.

D It inhibits the micturition reflex.

E It compresses the urethra.

Question #26

What hormone(s) inhibit(s) the secretion of FSH and LH during the female sexual cycle?

A Estradiol

B GnRH

C Androgens

D Estradiol and progesterone

E Progesterone

Question #27

When it is cold, the ________ contracts and draws the testes closer to the body to keep them warm.

A perineum

B corpus cavernosum

C cremaster

D pampiniform plexus

E corpus spongiosum

Question #28

In which structure does fertilization usually occur?

A Urethra

B Urinary bladder

C Uterine tube

D Uterus

E Ovary

Question #29

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here, the ________ of one’s nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one’s daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

A proximal convoluted tubules

B collecting ducts

C glomeruli

D loops of Henle

E distal convoluted tubules

Question #30

After puberty, which epithelium lines the vagina?

A Simple cuboidal epithelium

B Simple columnar epithelium

C Stratified squamous epithelium

D Transitional epithelium

E Simple squamous epithelium

Question #31

The ________ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production, while the function of its ________ innervation is unknown.

A peripheral; central

B sympathetic; parasympathetic

C enteric; somatic

D central; peripheral

E parasympathetic; sympathetic

Question #32

Which of the following is inhibited by testosterone?

A Sperm production

B Libido

C Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion

D Development of secondary sex characteristics

E Development of secondary sex organs

Question #33

In ovulation, after expelling the oocyte the follicle becomes a ________ and secretes ________.

A corpus albicans; estrogen and progesterone

B corpus luteum; estrogen and progesterone

C corpus albicans; progesterone

D corpus luteum; FSH and LH

E corpus albicans; FSH and LH

Question #34

The ________ is not an organ of the urinary system.

A urethra

B urinary bladder

C liver

D kidney

E ureter

Question #35

Which of the following is true regarding the blood-testis barrier?

A It prevents antibodies in the blood from getting to the germ cells.

B It prevents heat loss from the testes.

C It maintains testis temperature at 37°C.

D It maintains testis temperature at 35°C.

E It prevents blood from getting to the testes.

Question #36

The ________ is the site of sperm maturation and storage.

A seminiferous tubules

B spermatic cord

C ductus (vas) deferens

D epididymis

E rete testis

Question #37

Assuming all other values are normal, calculate the net filtration pressure in a patient with a drop in capsular hydrostatic pressure to 8 mmHg.

A 50 mm Hg out

B 30 mm Hg out

C 10 mm Hg out

D 40 mm Hg out

E 20 mm Hg out

Question #38

In life threatening starvation, the kidneys synthesize glucose by ________.

A deaminating amino acids

B secreting renin

C contributing to calcium homeostasis

D producing uric acid

E secreting erythropoietin

Question #39

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

A They fight osteoporosis by synthesizing vitamin D.

B They help control blood pressure.

C They release waste into the bloodstream.

D They regulate osmolarity of the body fluids.

E They indirectly increase oxyhemoglobin.

Question #40

The deep region of the penis, surrounding the urethra, that engorges with blood during an erection is known as the ________.

A ductus (vas) deferens

B scrotum

C epididymis

D corpus cavernosum

E corpus spongiosum

Question #41

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal artery into the renal cortex?

A Arcuate a. → interlobar a. → afferent arteriole → interlobular a.

B Afferent arteriole → interlobular a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a.

C Segmental a. → interlobar a. →arcuate a. → interlobular a.

D Interlobar a. → interlobular a. → segmental a. → arcuate a.

E Segmental a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a. → interlobular a.

Question #42

A single lobe of a kidney is comprised of ________.

A a renal medulla and two renal columns

B two calyces and a renal pelvis

C one major calyx and all of its minor calyces

D one pyramid and the overlying cortex

E one collecting duct and all nephrons that drain into it

Question #43

Which uterine layer is composed of a simple columnar epithelium containing tubular glands?

A Myometrium

B Cervix

C Perimetrium

D Fimbrium

E Endometrium

Question #44

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen, which is released from the ________, to form angiotensin I.

A liver

B kidneys

C lungs

D spleen

E heart

Question #45

When does oogenesis begin?

A During menarche

B During embryonic development

C At birth

D During pubarche

E During thelarche

Question #46

Sperm travels to the ampulla of the ductus deferens before reaching the spermatic cord.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #47

The mechanism of stabilizing the GFR based on the tendency of smooth muscle to contract when stretched is known as ________.

A the myogenic mechanism

B the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism

C renal autoregulation

D sympathetic control

E tubuloglomerular feedback

Question #48

What do lutein cells develop from?

A The corpus albicans

B The granulosa cells

C The corona radiata

D The theca interna

E The corpus luteum

Question #49

The urine is most likely to be hypotonic when the ________.

A output of natriuretic peptides is high

B output of antidiuretic hormone is high

C body’s pH is low

D person is lost and deprived of drinking water

E body’s water volume is high

Question #50

The ________ is not a portion of the urethra.

A prostatic urethra

B membranous urethra

C external urethral orifice

D spongy urethra

E internal urethral sphincter

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