Lecture Exam 4

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Question #1

Which of the following is not a function of the nurse cells?

A They secrete inhibin.

B Their tight junctions form the blood-testis barrier.

C They secrete testosterone.

D They secrete androgen-binding protein.

E They protect and support the germ cells.

Question #2

Sexual reproduction entails the union of two gonads to form a zygote

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #3

The ________ muscle is located in the urinary bladder.

A corpus spongiosum

B distractor

C corpus cavernosum

D pubococcygeus

E detrusor

Question #4

Where are follicles located?

A Epithelium of the placenta

B Epithelium of the endometrium

C Medulla of the ovary

D Cortex of the ovary

E Center of the ovum

Question #5

Aldosterone acts on the ________.

A glomerulus

B medullary portion of the collecting duct

C distal convoluted tubule

D descending limb of the nephron loop

E proximal convoluted tubule

Question #6

Oxytocin stimulates contraction of myoepithelial cell of the mammary acini.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #7

Men have only one ________.

A seminal vesicle

B ejaculatory duct

C prostate

D bulbourethral gland

E corpus cavernosum

Question #8

Hypocalcemia stimulates ________.

A a decrease in aldosterone production

B an increase in blood urea nitrogen

C secretion of parathyroid hormone

D vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles

E secretion of renin

Question #9

The penis is homologous to the ________.

A clitoris

B labia minora

C vagina

D mons pubis

E urethra

Question #10

The acrosome contains enzymes used to ________.

A penetrate the vagina

B dissolve the mucosa of the uterus

C penetrate barriers surrounding the ovum

D dissolve the stickiness of the semen

E dissolve the mucosa of the vagina

Question #11

The innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as the ________.

A renal fascia

B perirenal fat capsule

C hilum

D renal medulla

E fibrous capsule

Question #12

The countercurrent heat exchanger that prevents arterial blood from overheating the testes is the ________.

A rete testis

B pampiniform plexus of veins

C blood-testis barrier

D epididymis

E scrotal portal system

Question #13

Males produce sperm and females produce eggs.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #14

Which of the following is the correct pathway of sperm cells from their formation to ejaculation?

A Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, urethra, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens

B Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra, ductus deferens

C Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

D Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens, urethra

E Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

Question #15

________ stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to secrete ________.

A Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); LH

B Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

C Luteinizing hormone (LH); estrogen

D Luteinizing hormone (LH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

E Luteinizing hormone (LH); testosterone

Question #16

Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

A Increased urine acidity

B Increased urine salinity

C Decreased urine molarity

D Increased urine volume

E Decreased urine volume

Question #17

The transition from an afferent arteriole to an efferent arteriole occurs in the ________.

A peritubular capillaries

B vasa recta

C glomerulus

D medulla

E cortical radiate veins

Question #18

At early puberty, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulate enlargement of the testes.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #19

Blood plasma is filtered in the ________.

A renal tubule

B renal calyx

C renal column

D renal capsule

E renal corpuscle

Question #20

Which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?

A The kidneys are retroperitoneal.

B The right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left kidney.

C The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.

D The ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

E The urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females.

Question #21

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

A An increase in osmotic pressure in the glomerular capsule

B Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole

C Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole

D A drop in oncotic pressure

E Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole

Question #22

The ________ is the small, bilateral organ found lateral to the membranous urethra.

A ejaculatory duct

B urethra

C seminal vesicle

D prostate

E bulbourethral gland

Question #23

Which of the following is generally accepted as a secondary sex characteristic?

A The presence of testes

B The vagina

C The enlargement of the breasts

D The uterus

E The prostate

Question #24

In meiosis, each parent cell produces ________.

A haploid (n) cells that are identical to the parent cell

B two haploid (n) cells

C two diploid (2n) cells

D four diploid (2n) cells

E four haploid (n) cells

Question #25

Why would an enlarged prostate interfere with urination?

A It develops calcified deposits that block the urethra.

B It inhibits the micturition reflex.

C It inhibits urine production.

D It compresses the urethra.

E It produces thicker prostatic secretions that block the urethra.

Question #26

What hormone(s) inhibit(s) the secretion of FSH and LH during the female sexual cycle?

A GnRH

B Estradiol and progesterone

C Androgens

D Progesterone

E Estradiol

Question #27

When it is cold, the ________ contracts and draws the testes closer to the body to keep them warm.

A perineum

B corpus cavernosum

C cremaster

D corpus spongiosum

E pampiniform plexus

Question #28

In which structure does fertilization usually occur?

A Uterine tube

B Urinary bladder

C Ovary

D Uterus

E Urethra

Question #29

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here, the ________ of one’s nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one’s daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

A collecting ducts

B proximal convoluted tubules

C loops of Henle

D glomeruli

E distal convoluted tubules

Question #30

After puberty, which epithelium lines the vagina?

A Simple columnar epithelium

B Simple cuboidal epithelium

C Transitional epithelium

D Stratified squamous epithelium

E Simple squamous epithelium

Question #31

The ________ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production, while the function of its ________ innervation is unknown.

A enteric; somatic

B central; peripheral

C peripheral; central

D sympathetic; parasympathetic

E parasympathetic; sympathetic

Question #32

Which of the following is inhibited by testosterone?

A Development of secondary sex organs

B Development of secondary sex characteristics

C Sperm production

D Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion

E Libido

Question #33

In ovulation, after expelling the oocyte the follicle becomes a ________ and secretes ________.

A corpus luteum; estrogen and progesterone

B corpus luteum; FSH and LH

C corpus albicans; FSH and LH

D corpus albicans; estrogen and progesterone

E corpus albicans; progesterone

Question #34

The ________ is not an organ of the urinary system.

A kidney

B urethra

C urinary bladder

D liver

E ureter

Question #35

Which of the following is true regarding the blood-testis barrier?

A It prevents antibodies in the blood from getting to the germ cells.

B It maintains testis temperature at 35°C.

C It prevents blood from getting to the testes.

D It prevents heat loss from the testes.

E It maintains testis temperature at 37°C.

Question #36

The ________ is the site of sperm maturation and storage.

A seminiferous tubules

B ductus (vas) deferens

C rete testis

D spermatic cord

E epididymis

Question #37

Assuming all other values are normal, calculate the net filtration pressure in a patient with a drop in capsular hydrostatic pressure to 8 mmHg.

A 30 mm Hg out

B 40 mm Hg out

C 50 mm Hg out

D 10 mm Hg out

E 20 mm Hg out

Question #38

In life threatening starvation, the kidneys synthesize glucose by ________.

A deaminating amino acids

B secreting renin

C producing uric acid

D secreting erythropoietin

E contributing to calcium homeostasis

Question #39

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

A They fight osteoporosis by synthesizing vitamin D.

B They help control blood pressure.

C They release waste into the bloodstream.

D They regulate osmolarity of the body fluids.

E They indirectly increase oxyhemoglobin.

Question #40

The deep region of the penis, surrounding the urethra, that engorges with blood during an erection is known as the ________.

A corpus cavernosum

B scrotum

C ductus (vas) deferens

D corpus spongiosum

E epididymis

Question #41

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal artery into the renal cortex?

A Segmental a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a. → interlobular a.

B Arcuate a. → interlobar a. → afferent arteriole → interlobular a.

C Interlobar a. → interlobular a. → segmental a. → arcuate a.

D Segmental a. → interlobar a. →arcuate a. → interlobular a.

E Afferent arteriole → interlobular a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a.

Question #42

A single lobe of a kidney is comprised of ________.

A a renal medulla and two renal columns

B two calyces and a renal pelvis

C one pyramid and the overlying cortex

D one major calyx and all of its minor calyces

E one collecting duct and all nephrons that drain into it

Question #43

Which uterine layer is composed of a simple columnar epithelium containing tubular glands?

A Cervix

B Endometrium

C Perimetrium

D Myometrium

E Fimbrium

Question #44

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen, which is released from the ________, to form angiotensin I.

A liver

B heart

C spleen

D lungs

E kidneys

Question #45

When does oogenesis begin?

A At birth

B During pubarche

C During menarche

D During embryonic development

E During thelarche

Question #46

Sperm travels to the ampulla of the ductus deferens before reaching the spermatic cord.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #47

The mechanism of stabilizing the GFR based on the tendency of smooth muscle to contract when stretched is known as ________.

A the myogenic mechanism

B the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism

C tubuloglomerular feedback

D renal autoregulation

E sympathetic control

Question #48

What do lutein cells develop from?

A The corpus albicans

B The theca interna

C The corona radiata

D The granulosa cells

E The corpus luteum

Question #49

The urine is most likely to be hypotonic when the ________.

A person is lost and deprived of drinking water

B output of antidiuretic hormone is high

C body’s water volume is high

D output of natriuretic peptides is high

E body’s pH is low

Question #50

The ________ is not a portion of the urethra.

A spongy urethra

B external urethral orifice

C membranous urethra

D prostatic urethra

E internal urethral sphincter

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