Lecture Exam 4

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Question #1

Which of the following is not a function of the nurse cells?

A They secrete testosterone.

B Their tight junctions form the blood-testis barrier.

C They secrete androgen-binding protein.

D They secrete inhibin.

E They protect and support the germ cells.

Question #2

Sexual reproduction entails the union of two gonads to form a zygote

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #3

The ________ muscle is located in the urinary bladder.

A distractor

B pubococcygeus

C detrusor

D corpus spongiosum

E corpus cavernosum

Question #4

Where are follicles located?

A Medulla of the ovary

B Epithelium of the placenta

C Epithelium of the endometrium

D Cortex of the ovary

E Center of the ovum

Question #5

Aldosterone acts on the ________.

A proximal convoluted tubule

B medullary portion of the collecting duct

C distal convoluted tubule

D descending limb of the nephron loop

E glomerulus

Question #6

Oxytocin stimulates contraction of myoepithelial cell of the mammary acini.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #7

Men have only one ________.

A prostate

B corpus cavernosum

C bulbourethral gland

D ejaculatory duct

E seminal vesicle

Question #8

Hypocalcemia stimulates ________.

A vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles

B a decrease in aldosterone production

C secretion of renin

D secretion of parathyroid hormone

E an increase in blood urea nitrogen

Question #9

The penis is homologous to the ________.

A clitoris

B mons pubis

C labia minora

D vagina

E urethra

Question #10

The acrosome contains enzymes used to ________.

A penetrate the vagina

B dissolve the mucosa of the uterus

C dissolve the mucosa of the vagina

D penetrate barriers surrounding the ovum

E dissolve the stickiness of the semen

Question #11

The innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as the ________.

A perirenal fat capsule

B renal fascia

C fibrous capsule

D renal medulla

E hilum

Question #12

The countercurrent heat exchanger that prevents arterial blood from overheating the testes is the ________.

A epididymis

B blood-testis barrier

C scrotal portal system

D rete testis

E pampiniform plexus of veins

Question #13

Males produce sperm and females produce eggs.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #14

Which of the following is the correct pathway of sperm cells from their formation to ejaculation?

A Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens, urethra

B Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra, ductus deferens

C Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, urethra, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens

D Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

E Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

Question #15

________ stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to secrete ________.

A Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); LH

B Luteinizing hormone (LH); estrogen

C Luteinizing hormone (LH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

D Luteinizing hormone (LH); testosterone

E Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

Question #16

Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

A Decreased urine volume

B Decreased urine molarity

C Increased urine salinity

D Increased urine volume

E Increased urine acidity

Question #17

The transition from an afferent arteriole to an efferent arteriole occurs in the ________.

A vasa recta

B glomerulus

C medulla

D cortical radiate veins

E peritubular capillaries

Question #18

At early puberty, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulate enlargement of the testes.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #19

Blood plasma is filtered in the ________.

A renal calyx

B renal corpuscle

C renal tubule

D renal column

E renal capsule

Question #20

Which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?

A The urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females.

B The right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left kidney.

C The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.

D The ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

E The kidneys are retroperitoneal.

Question #21

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

A Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole

B A drop in oncotic pressure

C Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole

D An increase in osmotic pressure in the glomerular capsule

E Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole

Question #22

The ________ is the small, bilateral organ found lateral to the membranous urethra.

A prostate

B urethra

C ejaculatory duct

D seminal vesicle

E bulbourethral gland

Question #23

Which of the following is generally accepted as a secondary sex characteristic?

A The vagina

B The prostate

C The enlargement of the breasts

D The uterus

E The presence of testes

Question #24

In meiosis, each parent cell produces ________.

A two diploid (2n) cells

B two haploid (n) cells

C haploid (n) cells that are identical to the parent cell

D four haploid (n) cells

E four diploid (2n) cells

Question #25

Why would an enlarged prostate interfere with urination?

A It compresses the urethra.

B It develops calcified deposits that block the urethra.

C It inhibits urine production.

D It produces thicker prostatic secretions that block the urethra.

E It inhibits the micturition reflex.

Question #26

What hormone(s) inhibit(s) the secretion of FSH and LH during the female sexual cycle?

A Estradiol and progesterone

B GnRH

C Androgens

D Estradiol

E Progesterone

Question #27

When it is cold, the ________ contracts and draws the testes closer to the body to keep them warm.

A corpus cavernosum

B cremaster

C pampiniform plexus

D perineum

E corpus spongiosum

Question #28

In which structure does fertilization usually occur?

A Urethra

B Ovary

C Urinary bladder

D Uterine tube

E Uterus

Question #29

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here, the ________ of one’s nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one’s daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

A distal convoluted tubules

B collecting ducts

C proximal convoluted tubules

D glomeruli

E loops of Henle

Question #30

After puberty, which epithelium lines the vagina?

A Simple cuboidal epithelium

B Simple squamous epithelium

C Stratified squamous epithelium

D Simple columnar epithelium

E Transitional epithelium

Question #31

The ________ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production, while the function of its ________ innervation is unknown.

A sympathetic; parasympathetic

B enteric; somatic

C parasympathetic; sympathetic

D peripheral; central

E central; peripheral

Question #32

Which of the following is inhibited by testosterone?

A Development of secondary sex organs

B Libido

C Sperm production

D Development of secondary sex characteristics

E Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion

Question #33

In ovulation, after expelling the oocyte the follicle becomes a ________ and secretes ________.

A corpus luteum; estrogen and progesterone

B corpus albicans; FSH and LH

C corpus luteum; FSH and LH

D corpus albicans; progesterone

E corpus albicans; estrogen and progesterone

Question #34

The ________ is not an organ of the urinary system.

A liver

B urethra

C kidney

D urinary bladder

E ureter

Question #35

Which of the following is true regarding the blood-testis barrier?

A It prevents heat loss from the testes.

B It prevents blood from getting to the testes.

C It maintains testis temperature at 35°C.

D It prevents antibodies in the blood from getting to the germ cells.

E It maintains testis temperature at 37°C.

Question #36

The ________ is the site of sperm maturation and storage.

A ductus (vas) deferens

B epididymis

C spermatic cord

D seminiferous tubules

E rete testis

Question #37

Assuming all other values are normal, calculate the net filtration pressure in a patient with a drop in capsular hydrostatic pressure to 8 mmHg.

A 10 mm Hg out

B 40 mm Hg out

C 20 mm Hg out

D 30 mm Hg out

E 50 mm Hg out

Question #38

In life threatening starvation, the kidneys synthesize glucose by ________.

A secreting erythropoietin

B contributing to calcium homeostasis

C producing uric acid

D deaminating amino acids

E secreting renin

Question #39

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

A They regulate osmolarity of the body fluids.

B They indirectly increase oxyhemoglobin.

C They release waste into the bloodstream.

D They help control blood pressure.

E They fight osteoporosis by synthesizing vitamin D.

Question #40

The deep region of the penis, surrounding the urethra, that engorges with blood during an erection is known as the ________.

A ductus (vas) deferens

B corpus cavernosum

C epididymis

D scrotum

E corpus spongiosum

Question #41

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal artery into the renal cortex?

A Interlobar a. → interlobular a. → segmental a. → arcuate a.

B Afferent arteriole → interlobular a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a.

C Segmental a. → interlobar a. →arcuate a. → interlobular a.

D Arcuate a. → interlobar a. → afferent arteriole → interlobular a.

E Segmental a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a. → interlobular a.

Question #42

A single lobe of a kidney is comprised of ________.

A two calyces and a renal pelvis

B one major calyx and all of its minor calyces

C one collecting duct and all nephrons that drain into it

D a renal medulla and two renal columns

E one pyramid and the overlying cortex

Question #43

Which uterine layer is composed of a simple columnar epithelium containing tubular glands?

A Fimbrium

B Cervix

C Myometrium

D Endometrium

E Perimetrium

Question #44

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen, which is released from the ________, to form angiotensin I.

A spleen

B lungs

C kidneys

D liver

E heart

Question #45

When does oogenesis begin?

A During pubarche

B During embryonic development

C During thelarche

D At birth

E During menarche

Question #46

Sperm travels to the ampulla of the ductus deferens before reaching the spermatic cord.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #47

The mechanism of stabilizing the GFR based on the tendency of smooth muscle to contract when stretched is known as ________.

A the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism

B tubuloglomerular feedback

C renal autoregulation

D sympathetic control

E the myogenic mechanism

Question #48

What do lutein cells develop from?

A The corona radiata

B The granulosa cells

C The theca interna

D The corpus albicans

E The corpus luteum

Question #49

The urine is most likely to be hypotonic when the ________.

A body’s water volume is high

B output of natriuretic peptides is high

C output of antidiuretic hormone is high

D body’s pH is low

E person is lost and deprived of drinking water

Question #50

The ________ is not a portion of the urethra.

A membranous urethra

B prostatic urethra

C spongy urethra

D external urethral orifice

E internal urethral sphincter

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