Lecture Exam 4

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Question #1

Which of the following is not a function of the nurse cells?

A They secrete inhibin.

B They secrete testosterone.

C They secrete androgen-binding protein.

D Their tight junctions form the blood-testis barrier.

E They protect and support the germ cells.

Question #2

Sexual reproduction entails the union of two gonads to form a zygote

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #3

The ________ muscle is located in the urinary bladder.

A detrusor

B distractor

C corpus spongiosum

D pubococcygeus

E corpus cavernosum

Question #4

Where are follicles located?

A Medulla of the ovary

B Epithelium of the endometrium

C Epithelium of the placenta

D Cortex of the ovary

E Center of the ovum

Question #5

Aldosterone acts on the ________.

A distal convoluted tubule

B proximal convoluted tubule

C glomerulus

D medullary portion of the collecting duct

E descending limb of the nephron loop

Question #6

Oxytocin stimulates contraction of myoepithelial cell of the mammary acini.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #7

Men have only one ________.

A bulbourethral gland

B corpus cavernosum

C prostate

D ejaculatory duct

E seminal vesicle

Question #8

Hypocalcemia stimulates ________.

A a decrease in aldosterone production

B secretion of parathyroid hormone

C vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles

D an increase in blood urea nitrogen

E secretion of renin

Question #9

The penis is homologous to the ________.

A mons pubis

B clitoris

C urethra

D labia minora

E vagina

Question #10

The acrosome contains enzymes used to ________.

A dissolve the stickiness of the semen

B penetrate the vagina

C dissolve the mucosa of the vagina

D dissolve the mucosa of the uterus

E penetrate barriers surrounding the ovum

Question #11

The innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as the ________.

A renal fascia

B fibrous capsule

C renal medulla

D hilum

E perirenal fat capsule

Question #12

The countercurrent heat exchanger that prevents arterial blood from overheating the testes is the ________.

A epididymis

B scrotal portal system

C rete testis

D pampiniform plexus of veins

E blood-testis barrier

Question #13

Males produce sperm and females produce eggs.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #14

Which of the following is the correct pathway of sperm cells from their formation to ejaculation?

A Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra, ductus deferens

B Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens, urethra

C Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

D Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, urethra, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens

E Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

Question #15

________ stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to secrete ________.

A Luteinizing hormone (LH); testosterone

B Luteinizing hormone (LH); estrogen

C Luteinizing hormone (LH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

D Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); LH

E Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

Question #16

Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

A Increased urine salinity

B Decreased urine volume

C Increased urine volume

D Decreased urine molarity

E Increased urine acidity

Question #17

The transition from an afferent arteriole to an efferent arteriole occurs in the ________.

A glomerulus

B cortical radiate veins

C vasa recta

D peritubular capillaries

E medulla

Question #18

At early puberty, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulate enlargement of the testes.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #19

Blood plasma is filtered in the ________.

A renal corpuscle

B renal column

C renal capsule

D renal tubule

E renal calyx

Question #20

Which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?

A The right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left kidney.

B The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.

C The urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females.

D The ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

E The kidneys are retroperitoneal.

Question #21

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

A A drop in oncotic pressure

B Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole

C An increase in osmotic pressure in the glomerular capsule

D Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole

E Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole

Question #22

The ________ is the small, bilateral organ found lateral to the membranous urethra.

A seminal vesicle

B urethra

C ejaculatory duct

D prostate

E bulbourethral gland

Question #23

Which of the following is generally accepted as a secondary sex characteristic?

A The vagina

B The enlargement of the breasts

C The prostate

D The presence of testes

E The uterus

Question #24

In meiosis, each parent cell produces ________.

A four diploid (2n) cells

B haploid (n) cells that are identical to the parent cell

C two diploid (2n) cells

D four haploid (n) cells

E two haploid (n) cells

Question #25

Why would an enlarged prostate interfere with urination?

A It compresses the urethra.

B It inhibits urine production.

C It produces thicker prostatic secretions that block the urethra.

D It develops calcified deposits that block the urethra.

E It inhibits the micturition reflex.

Question #26

What hormone(s) inhibit(s) the secretion of FSH and LH during the female sexual cycle?

A Androgens

B Estradiol and progesterone

C Progesterone

D GnRH

E Estradiol

Question #27

When it is cold, the ________ contracts and draws the testes closer to the body to keep them warm.

A corpus spongiosum

B cremaster

C pampiniform plexus

D perineum

E corpus cavernosum

Question #28

In which structure does fertilization usually occur?

A Urethra

B Uterine tube

C Uterus

D Ovary

E Urinary bladder

Question #29

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here, the ________ of one’s nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one’s daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

A proximal convoluted tubules

B collecting ducts

C distal convoluted tubules

D glomeruli

E loops of Henle

Question #30

After puberty, which epithelium lines the vagina?

A Simple cuboidal epithelium

B Simple squamous epithelium

C Stratified squamous epithelium

D Simple columnar epithelium

E Transitional epithelium

Question #31

The ________ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production, while the function of its ________ innervation is unknown.

A peripheral; central

B enteric; somatic

C central; peripheral

D sympathetic; parasympathetic

E parasympathetic; sympathetic

Question #32

Which of the following is inhibited by testosterone?

A Sperm production

B Development of secondary sex organs

C Development of secondary sex characteristics

D Libido

E Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion

Question #33

In ovulation, after expelling the oocyte the follicle becomes a ________ and secretes ________.

A corpus albicans; estrogen and progesterone

B corpus luteum; estrogen and progesterone

C corpus albicans; FSH and LH

D corpus luteum; FSH and LH

E corpus albicans; progesterone

Question #34

The ________ is not an organ of the urinary system.

A kidney

B urethra

C urinary bladder

D liver

E ureter

Question #35

Which of the following is true regarding the blood-testis barrier?

A It prevents blood from getting to the testes.

B It prevents heat loss from the testes.

C It maintains testis temperature at 37°C.

D It maintains testis temperature at 35°C.

E It prevents antibodies in the blood from getting to the germ cells.

Question #36

The ________ is the site of sperm maturation and storage.

A rete testis

B epididymis

C seminiferous tubules

D spermatic cord

E ductus (vas) deferens

Question #37

Assuming all other values are normal, calculate the net filtration pressure in a patient with a drop in capsular hydrostatic pressure to 8 mmHg.

A 50 mm Hg out

B 30 mm Hg out

C 10 mm Hg out

D 40 mm Hg out

E 20 mm Hg out

Question #38

In life threatening starvation, the kidneys synthesize glucose by ________.

A secreting renin

B secreting erythropoietin

C producing uric acid

D deaminating amino acids

E contributing to calcium homeostasis

Question #39

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

A They indirectly increase oxyhemoglobin.

B They release waste into the bloodstream.

C They fight osteoporosis by synthesizing vitamin D.

D They help control blood pressure.

E They regulate osmolarity of the body fluids.

Question #40

The deep region of the penis, surrounding the urethra, that engorges with blood during an erection is known as the ________.

A epididymis

B ductus (vas) deferens

C corpus cavernosum

D corpus spongiosum

E scrotum

Question #41

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal artery into the renal cortex?

A Arcuate a. → interlobar a. → afferent arteriole → interlobular a.

B Segmental a. → interlobar a. →arcuate a. → interlobular a.

C Segmental a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a. → interlobular a.

D Interlobar a. → interlobular a. → segmental a. → arcuate a.

E Afferent arteriole → interlobular a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a.

Question #42

A single lobe of a kidney is comprised of ________.

A one pyramid and the overlying cortex

B a renal medulla and two renal columns

C one collecting duct and all nephrons that drain into it

D two calyces and a renal pelvis

E one major calyx and all of its minor calyces

Question #43

Which uterine layer is composed of a simple columnar epithelium containing tubular glands?

A Fimbrium

B Perimetrium

C Cervix

D Endometrium

E Myometrium

Question #44

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen, which is released from the ________, to form angiotensin I.

A heart

B lungs

C spleen

D kidneys

E liver

Question #45

When does oogenesis begin?

A At birth

B During thelarche

C During pubarche

D During menarche

E During embryonic development

Question #46

Sperm travels to the ampulla of the ductus deferens before reaching the spermatic cord.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #47

The mechanism of stabilizing the GFR based on the tendency of smooth muscle to contract when stretched is known as ________.

A the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism

B sympathetic control

C the myogenic mechanism

D renal autoregulation

E tubuloglomerular feedback

Question #48

What do lutein cells develop from?

A The corpus albicans

B The corona radiata

C The corpus luteum

D The granulosa cells

E The theca interna

Question #49

The urine is most likely to be hypotonic when the ________.

A body’s water volume is high

B person is lost and deprived of drinking water

C output of antidiuretic hormone is high

D body’s pH is low

E output of natriuretic peptides is high

Question #50

The ________ is not a portion of the urethra.

A internal urethral sphincter

B prostatic urethra

C external urethral orifice

D membranous urethra

E spongy urethra

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