Midterm

A  could not remember what Locke had actually said

B  wanted to reflect the views of the colonists

C  liked the sound of “pursuit of happiness” better

D  was trying to gain the support of those who had little property to protect

E  was trying to avoid the suggestion the Declaration was arguing for the protection of slavery

A  slightly behind but catching up gradually

B  roughly the same

C  much lower

D  much higher

E  slightly higher and holding steady

A  created agreements between presidents and the heads of foreign governments

B  threatened the system of separation of powers

C  helped to clarify for executive agencies how they are to implement laws

D  was a traditional action taken by presidents to signify their agreement with Congress

E  was a strictly ceremonial act with no significance

A  gerrymandering

B  discipline

C  activism

D  identification

E  polarization

A  an infraction

B  a misdemeanor

C  a tort

D  a crime

E  a felony

A  public opinion tends to rally around presidents when they deem military action necessary abroad, and Congress has declined to challenge such presidents

B  the provisions of the act are vague and make it easy to ignore

C  Congress has no power under the War Powers Act

D  everyone agrees the Supreme Court would probably declare the law unconstitutional

E  Congress can never agree on a course of action when it comes to military decisions

A  allow the president to fulfill the office of president as the founders intended

B  are unconstitutional according to the Supreme Court

C  were more often used in the nineteenth century by weak presidents

D  have been used to expand the powers of the presidency beyond what is explicitly stated in the Constitution

E  were commonly used by nineteenth-century presidents

A  Unimportant because churches don’t openly take positions on political issues

B  Important because religion teaches moral values that are often applied to politics

C  Unimportant because few political people are religious

D  Important as the main source of a person’s sense of political efficacy

A  It is not mentioned in the Constitution.

B  The Supreme Court has used the power very infrequently against acts of Congress.

C  It was claimed for the Supreme Court in the case of Marbury v. Madison.

D  It includes the powers to declare acts of government unconstitutional and to interpret the meaning of all federal and state laws.

E  It was used only once before 1857.

A  Social democracy, in which government plays an enormous role in ensuring substantive guarantees of fair outcomes for all citizens

B  Pure laissez-faire capitalism, in which the government has no economic role at all

C  Pure capitalism, in which all means used to produce material resources are privately owned

D  Regulated capitalism, in which business has substantial freedom from government interference, but the government does step in and regulate the economy to guarantee individual rights

E  Socialism, in which economic decisions are made by the government

A  Implied powers

B  Reserved powers

C  Right to qualified representation in the case of criminal suit

D  Right to a speedy trial by an impartial jury

A  Cities and local governments began to receive grants directly from the national government.

B  Urban governments became more dependent on states for aid.

C  The national government reduced its grants-in-aid to city governments.

D  The national government began to grant all of its aid to the state governments.

A  Those with money and power

B  Office-holders

C  Foreigners

D  Neighbors

E  Political activists

A  were not successful until the passage of the Fifteenth Amendment

B  were blocked by Republicans in Congress

C  were generally successful with few exceptions

D  essentially ended by the time Reconstruction was completed and were not reinitiated until the civil rights era

E  were not successful until the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment

A  acculturation

B  maturation

C  assessment

D  socialization

A  Libel

B  Obscenity

C  Prior restraint

D  National security

A  Separation of powers

B  Popular sovereignty

C  Republicanism

D  Checks and balances

A  From other citizens, not from the government

B  From government action, not from other citizens

C  Of individual freedoms, not criminal rights

D  Of majority freedoms, not minority rights

A  they would likely pit the haves and have-nots against each other

B  they would create a split between the North and the South

C  certain factions might replace the legislature

D  they would likely create tension between minorities

E  they would try to eliminate the system of checks and balances in the Constitution

A  Limited the states’ powers to incorporate cities and towns

B  Incorporated important parts of state law into the Bill of Rights

C  Made parts of the Bill of Rights apply to state governments

D  Selectively revised the meaning of several civil rights

A  Cognitive ideation

B  Cognitive dissonance

C  Denial

D  Conceivable detraction

A  anarchy

B  elite democracy

C  participatory democracy

D  populist democracy

E  pluralist democracy

A  The national government more control over state and local affairs

B  State and local governments less control over federal funds

C  State and local governments more power over important public policies

D  The national government less control over foreign and defense policy

A  Violates the Thirteenth Amendment

B  Contradicts the rulings in the Civil Rights Cases of 1883.

C  Interferes with the flow of interstate commerce

D  Violates the Fourteenth Amendment

A  Efforts to curb drug experimentation in suburban areas

B  The development of DARE and other drug education programs

C  Federal law enforcement efforts and foreign aid

D  Public service announcements and similar public relations efforts