Midterm

A  liked the sound of “pursuit of happiness” better

B  wanted to reflect the views of the colonists

C  was trying to gain the support of those who had little property to protect

D  could not remember what Locke had actually said

E  was trying to avoid the suggestion the Declaration was arguing for the protection of slavery

A  slightly higher and holding steady

B  much lower

C  roughly the same

D  slightly behind but catching up gradually

E  much higher

A  was a strictly ceremonial act with no significance

B  helped to clarify for executive agencies how they are to implement laws

C  created agreements between presidents and the heads of foreign governments

D  was a traditional action taken by presidents to signify their agreement with Congress

E  threatened the system of separation of powers

A  polarization

B  discipline

C  gerrymandering

D  identification

E  activism

A  a tort

B  an infraction

C  a felony

D  a misdemeanor

E  a crime

A  Congress has no power under the War Powers Act

B  Congress can never agree on a course of action when it comes to military decisions

C  the provisions of the act are vague and make it easy to ignore

D  public opinion tends to rally around presidents when they deem military action necessary abroad, and Congress has declined to challenge such presidents

E  everyone agrees the Supreme Court would probably declare the law unconstitutional

A  were commonly used by nineteenth-century presidents

B  have been used to expand the powers of the presidency beyond what is explicitly stated in the Constitution

C  allow the president to fulfill the office of president as the founders intended

D  are unconstitutional according to the Supreme Court

E  were more often used in the nineteenth century by weak presidents

A  Important because religion teaches moral values that are often applied to politics

B  Important as the main source of a person’s sense of political efficacy

C  Unimportant because few political people are religious

D  Unimportant because churches don’t openly take positions on political issues

A  It was claimed for the Supreme Court in the case of Marbury v. Madison.

B  The Supreme Court has used the power very infrequently against acts of Congress.

C  It includes the powers to declare acts of government unconstitutional and to interpret the meaning of all federal and state laws.

D  It is not mentioned in the Constitution.

E  It was used only once before 1857.

A  Socialism, in which economic decisions are made by the government

B  Social democracy, in which government plays an enormous role in ensuring substantive guarantees of fair outcomes for all citizens

C  Pure laissez-faire capitalism, in which the government has no economic role at all

D  Pure capitalism, in which all means used to produce material resources are privately owned

E  Regulated capitalism, in which business has substantial freedom from government interference, but the government does step in and regulate the economy to guarantee individual rights

A  Right to a speedy trial by an impartial jury

B  Reserved powers

C  Right to qualified representation in the case of criminal suit

D  Implied powers

A  Cities and local governments began to receive grants directly from the national government.

B  The national government reduced its grants-in-aid to city governments.

C  Urban governments became more dependent on states for aid.

D  The national government began to grant all of its aid to the state governments.

A  Neighbors

B  Political activists

C  Foreigners

D  Office-holders

E  Those with money and power

A  were blocked by Republicans in Congress

B  essentially ended by the time Reconstruction was completed and were not reinitiated until the civil rights era

C  were generally successful with few exceptions

D  were not successful until the passage of the Fifteenth Amendment

E  were not successful until the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment

A  maturation

B  assessment

C  acculturation

D  socialization

A  Prior restraint

B  Libel

C  National security

D  Obscenity

A  Separation of powers

B  Checks and balances

C  Republicanism

D  Popular sovereignty

A  From other citizens, not from the government

B  Of individual freedoms, not criminal rights

C  From government action, not from other citizens

D  Of majority freedoms, not minority rights

A  they would likely create tension between minorities

B  certain factions might replace the legislature

C  they would try to eliminate the system of checks and balances in the Constitution

D  they would likely pit the haves and have-nots against each other

E  they would create a split between the North and the South

A  Limited the states’ powers to incorporate cities and towns

B  Made parts of the Bill of Rights apply to state governments

C  Selectively revised the meaning of several civil rights

D  Incorporated important parts of state law into the Bill of Rights

A  Denial

B  Cognitive ideation

C  Cognitive dissonance

D  Conceivable detraction

A  populist democracy

B  elite democracy

C  anarchy

D  participatory democracy

E  pluralist democracy

A  State and local governments less control over federal funds

B  The national government more control over state and local affairs

C  State and local governments more power over important public policies

D  The national government less control over foreign and defense policy

A  Contradicts the rulings in the Civil Rights Cases of 1883.

B  Interferes with the flow of interstate commerce

C  Violates the Thirteenth Amendment

D  Violates the Fourteenth Amendment

A  Federal law enforcement efforts and foreign aid

B  Public service announcements and similar public relations efforts

C  Efforts to curb drug experimentation in suburban areas

D  The development of DARE and other drug education programs