Midterm

A  wanted to reflect the views of the colonists

B  could not remember what Locke had actually said

C  was trying to avoid the suggestion the Declaration was arguing for the protection of slavery

D  was trying to gain the support of those who had little property to protect

E  liked the sound of “pursuit of happiness” better

A  slightly higher and holding steady

B  much lower

C  much higher

D  slightly behind but catching up gradually

E  roughly the same

A  helped to clarify for executive agencies how they are to implement laws

B  was a traditional action taken by presidents to signify their agreement with Congress

C  created agreements between presidents and the heads of foreign governments

D  was a strictly ceremonial act with no significance

E  threatened the system of separation of powers

A  polarization

B  gerrymandering

C  discipline

D  activism

E  identification

A  a tort

B  a crime

C  a felony

D  an infraction

E  a misdemeanor

A  Congress has no power under the War Powers Act

B  public opinion tends to rally around presidents when they deem military action necessary abroad, and Congress has declined to challenge such presidents

C  Congress can never agree on a course of action when it comes to military decisions

D  everyone agrees the Supreme Court would probably declare the law unconstitutional

E  the provisions of the act are vague and make it easy to ignore

A  were commonly used by nineteenth-century presidents

B  allow the president to fulfill the office of president as the founders intended

C  are unconstitutional according to the Supreme Court

D  were more often used in the nineteenth century by weak presidents

E  have been used to expand the powers of the presidency beyond what is explicitly stated in the Constitution

A  Important because religion teaches moral values that are often applied to politics

B  Important as the main source of a person’s sense of political efficacy

C  Unimportant because few political people are religious

D  Unimportant because churches don’t openly take positions on political issues

A  The Supreme Court has used the power very infrequently against acts of Congress.

B  It was used only once before 1857.

C  It includes the powers to declare acts of government unconstitutional and to interpret the meaning of all federal and state laws.

D  It was claimed for the Supreme Court in the case of Marbury v. Madison.

E  It is not mentioned in the Constitution.

A  Pure laissez-faire capitalism, in which the government has no economic role at all

B  Socialism, in which economic decisions are made by the government

C  Social democracy, in which government plays an enormous role in ensuring substantive guarantees of fair outcomes for all citizens

D  Regulated capitalism, in which business has substantial freedom from government interference, but the government does step in and regulate the economy to guarantee individual rights

E  Pure capitalism, in which all means used to produce material resources are privately owned

A  Right to a speedy trial by an impartial jury

B  Reserved powers

C  Implied powers

D  Right to qualified representation in the case of criminal suit

A  The national government reduced its grants-in-aid to city governments.

B  Cities and local governments began to receive grants directly from the national government.

C  Urban governments became more dependent on states for aid.

D  The national government began to grant all of its aid to the state governments.

A  Office-holders

B  Neighbors

C  Those with money and power

D  Foreigners

E  Political activists

A  essentially ended by the time Reconstruction was completed and were not reinitiated until the civil rights era

B  were blocked by Republicans in Congress

C  were generally successful with few exceptions

D  were not successful until the passage of the Fifteenth Amendment

E  were not successful until the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment

A  assessment

B  maturation

C  socialization

D  acculturation

A  Libel

B  National security

C  Obscenity

D  Prior restraint

A  Checks and balances

B  Republicanism

C  Popular sovereignty

D  Separation of powers

A  From other citizens, not from the government

B  From government action, not from other citizens

C  Of majority freedoms, not minority rights

D  Of individual freedoms, not criminal rights

A  they would create a split between the North and the South

B  they would try to eliminate the system of checks and balances in the Constitution

C  they would likely create tension between minorities

D  certain factions might replace the legislature

E  they would likely pit the haves and have-nots against each other

A  Selectively revised the meaning of several civil rights

B  Limited the states’ powers to incorporate cities and towns

C  Made parts of the Bill of Rights apply to state governments

D  Incorporated important parts of state law into the Bill of Rights

A  Cognitive dissonance

B  Denial

C  Conceivable detraction

D  Cognitive ideation

A  participatory democracy

B  pluralist democracy

C  anarchy

D  elite democracy

E  populist democracy

A  State and local governments more power over important public policies

B  The national government less control over foreign and defense policy

C  State and local governments less control over federal funds

D  The national government more control over state and local affairs

A  Interferes with the flow of interstate commerce

B  Violates the Fourteenth Amendment

C  Violates the Thirteenth Amendment

D  Contradicts the rulings in the Civil Rights Cases of 1883.

A  Federal law enforcement efforts and foreign aid

B  Public service announcements and similar public relations efforts

C  Efforts to curb drug experimentation in suburban areas

D  The development of DARE and other drug education programs