Midterm

A  wanted to reflect the views of the colonists

B  could not remember what Locke had actually said

C  was trying to gain the support of those who had little property to protect

D  liked the sound of “pursuit of happiness” better

E  was trying to avoid the suggestion the Declaration was arguing for the protection of slavery

A  slightly higher and holding steady

B  roughly the same

C  much higher

D  slightly behind but catching up gradually

E  much lower

A  was a traditional action taken by presidents to signify their agreement with Congress

B  threatened the system of separation of powers

C  was a strictly ceremonial act with no significance

D  created agreements between presidents and the heads of foreign governments

E  helped to clarify for executive agencies how they are to implement laws

A  activism

B  discipline

C  gerrymandering

D  polarization

E  identification

A  a tort

B  a felony

C  a crime

D  an infraction

E  a misdemeanor

A  Congress has no power under the War Powers Act

B  everyone agrees the Supreme Court would probably declare the law unconstitutional

C  Congress can never agree on a course of action when it comes to military decisions

D  the provisions of the act are vague and make it easy to ignore

E  public opinion tends to rally around presidents when they deem military action necessary abroad, and Congress has declined to challenge such presidents

A  were more often used in the nineteenth century by weak presidents

B  were commonly used by nineteenth-century presidents

C  are unconstitutional according to the Supreme Court

D  allow the president to fulfill the office of president as the founders intended

E  have been used to expand the powers of the presidency beyond what is explicitly stated in the Constitution

A  Unimportant because churches don’t openly take positions on political issues

B  Important as the main source of a person’s sense of political efficacy

C  Unimportant because few political people are religious

D  Important because religion teaches moral values that are often applied to politics

A  It was claimed for the Supreme Court in the case of Marbury v. Madison.

B  It is not mentioned in the Constitution.

C  The Supreme Court has used the power very infrequently against acts of Congress.

D  It was used only once before 1857.

E  It includes the powers to declare acts of government unconstitutional and to interpret the meaning of all federal and state laws.

A  Social democracy, in which government plays an enormous role in ensuring substantive guarantees of fair outcomes for all citizens

B  Pure capitalism, in which all means used to produce material resources are privately owned

C  Regulated capitalism, in which business has substantial freedom from government interference, but the government does step in and regulate the economy to guarantee individual rights

D  Pure laissez-faire capitalism, in which the government has no economic role at all

E  Socialism, in which economic decisions are made by the government

A  Implied powers

B  Reserved powers

C  Right to qualified representation in the case of criminal suit

D  Right to a speedy trial by an impartial jury

A  Cities and local governments began to receive grants directly from the national government.

B  The national government began to grant all of its aid to the state governments.

C  Urban governments became more dependent on states for aid.

D  The national government reduced its grants-in-aid to city governments.

A  Political activists

B  Those with money and power

C  Office-holders

D  Foreigners

E  Neighbors

A  were blocked by Republicans in Congress

B  essentially ended by the time Reconstruction was completed and were not reinitiated until the civil rights era

C  were not successful until the passage of the Fifteenth Amendment

D  were generally successful with few exceptions

E  were not successful until the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment

A  acculturation

B  maturation

C  socialization

D  assessment

A  Libel

B  National security

C  Prior restraint

D  Obscenity

A  Separation of powers

B  Checks and balances

C  Popular sovereignty

D  Republicanism

A  From other citizens, not from the government

B  From government action, not from other citizens

C  Of majority freedoms, not minority rights

D  Of individual freedoms, not criminal rights

A  they would create a split between the North and the South

B  they would likely pit the haves and have-nots against each other

C  certain factions might replace the legislature

D  they would likely create tension between minorities

E  they would try to eliminate the system of checks and balances in the Constitution

A  Limited the states’ powers to incorporate cities and towns

B  Incorporated important parts of state law into the Bill of Rights

C  Selectively revised the meaning of several civil rights

D  Made parts of the Bill of Rights apply to state governments

A  Cognitive dissonance

B  Denial

C  Cognitive ideation

D  Conceivable detraction

A  elite democracy

B  anarchy

C  participatory democracy

D  pluralist democracy

E  populist democracy

A  The national government less control over foreign and defense policy

B  State and local governments more power over important public policies

C  The national government more control over state and local affairs

D  State and local governments less control over federal funds

A  Contradicts the rulings in the Civil Rights Cases of 1883.

B  Violates the Thirteenth Amendment

C  Violates the Fourteenth Amendment

D  Interferes with the flow of interstate commerce

A  Federal law enforcement efforts and foreign aid

B  Public service announcements and similar public relations efforts

C  Efforts to curb drug experimentation in suburban areas

D  The development of DARE and other drug education programs