Exam 2

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Question #1

Patterns, shapes, and colors are used by fishes in many different ways, except in…?

A disruptive coloration

B counter shading

C mood

D they use all of these

Question #2

Large bony fishes such as tunas, jacks, and cods feed on __________ as juveniles, but switch to __________ as adults.

A phytoplankton, crustaceans

B small bait fish, large mackrel

C algae, piscivory/eating fish

D zooplankton, piscivory/eating fish

Question #3

The most ancient group of multicellular algae belongs to the division _____, which owe their distinctive color to the pigment _____.

A Phaeophyta, phaeophytin

B Rhodophyta, phycobilin

C Chlorophyta, carotenoids

D Chlorophyta, chlorophyll

Question #4

The external skeletons of foraminiferans are made of __________ , which sink and form __________ on the deep-sea floor

A silica, reef carbonates

B calcium carbonate, calcareous oozes

C gelatin, marine snow

D calcium, dolomite

Question #5

Catadromus fishes spend nearly their entire lives in/the _____ except when they reproduce in/the _____.

A freshwater, ocean

B estuaries, ocean

C saltwater, lakes

D ocean, freshwater

Question #6

__________ are the most common type of marine viruses, and are so named because they infect and kill __________ .

A Prokaryotes, phytoplankton

B Bacteriophages, bacteria

C Archaea, virons

D Prokayophages, bacteria

Question #7

Brown seaweeds, such as kelps, have gas-filled ‘floats’ called __________ for maximizing their exposure to the sun, and attach themselves to hard-bottom substrates with a __________ .

A air bladders, stolon

B flotsam, rooting-body

C neumatocysts, stipe

D pneumatocysts, holdfast

Question #8

Roundworms belong to the Phylum __________ and have a partial body cavity called a __________.

A Nematoda, pseudocoelom

B Platyhelminthes, mesoderm

C Annelida, pseudocoelom

D Platyhelminthes, coelom

Question #9

Most multicellular marine algae reproduce using a process known as ‘alteration of generations’ in which there exists a separate _____ gametophyte and _____ sporophyte stage.

A haploid, diploid

B haploid, polyploid

C diploid, haploid

D polyploid, diploid

Question #10

Which of the following is an example of a jawless fish?

A Ray

B Whale shark

C Hagfish

D Shark

E Skate

Question #11

Most cnidarians are specialized as:

A Plant-feeders

B Detritivores

C Parasites

D Carnivores

E Filter feeders

Question #12

Porpoises and dolphins are classified as belonging to the Order:

A Cetacea

B Carnivora

C Sirenia

D Tetraceta

E Pinnipedia

Question #13

Gray whales migrate every year between:

A Arctic breeding grounds in summer and Mexican feeding grounds in winter

B Arctic feeding grounds in winter and Mexican breeding grounds in summer

C Arctic breeding grounds in winter and Mexican feeding grounds in summer

D Arctic feeding grounds in summer and Mexican breeding grounds in winter

Question #14

Blubber is found in all of these marine mammals except:

A Sea lions

B Killer whale

C Seals

D Sea otter

E Manatee

Question #15

Which of the following are NOT correctly paired?

A Class Echinoidea — feather stars

B Class Ophiuroidea — brittle stars

C Class Asteroidea — sea stars

D Class Holothuroidea — sea cucumbers

Question #16

Which of the following are not protozoans?

A Foraminiferans

B Ciliates

C Radiolarians

D Dinoflagellates

E Amoebae

Question #17

Reproduction in diatoms is:

A By budding

B Only asexual

C By parthenogenesis

D Only sexual

E Asexual and sexual

Question #18

Agar is a natural product extracted from seaweeds and is used in/as a:

A Cosmetics

B Dental moulds

C Culture media

D Toothpaste

E All of the above

Question #19

The stem-like structure of seaweeds such as kelp is called the:

A Thallus

B Holdfast

C Stipe

D Blade

E Pneumatocyst

Question #20

Amongst cartilaginous fishes, extra buoyancy is provided by the:

A Gills

B Swim Bladder

C Mouth

D Pectoral fin

E Liver

Question #21

Seaweeds differ from true plants because they:

A Are photosynthetic

B Lack true roots, leaves, and stems

C Have no chlorophyll

D Are unicellular

E Are prokaryotic

Question #22

Marine flowering plants include all of the following except:

A Surf grass

B Seagrasses

C Kelps

D Mangroves

E Cord grass

Question #23

Which of the following are NOT correctly paired?

A Phylum Nematoda — round worms

B Phylum Porifera — sponges

C Phylum Cnidaria — corals

D Phylum Nemertea — ribbon worms

E Phylum Platyhelminthes — beard worms

Question #24

Which of the following does NOT apply to marine protozoa?

A Some are heterotrophs

B Muticellular

C Some are autotrophs

D Their name derives from “first animals”

E Are included among the Protista

Question #25

The planula is a:

A Larval form

B Defensive structure

C Filter-feeding worm

D Feeding structure

E Planktonic mollusc

Question #26

The only marine mammals that are herbivorous are the:

A Baleen whales

B Sea otters

C Leopard seals

D Sirenians

E Walrus

Question #27

In the deep-sea, many fish have photophores, which are:

A Movement-detecting organs

B Specialized eyes

C Sex-regulating organs

D Specialized jaws

E Light-producing organs

Question #28

Sharks can reproduce by which of the following methods

A ovoviviparity

B viviparity

C oviparity

D none of the above

E all of the above

Question #29

Which of the following organisms are often responsible for causing red tides?

A Dinoflagellates

B Forams

C Bacteria

D Archaea

E Viruses

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