Exam 2

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Question #1

Patterns, shapes, and colors are used by fishes in many different ways, except in…?

A disruptive coloration

B counter shading

C they use all of these

D mood

Question #2

Large bony fishes such as tunas, jacks, and cods feed on __________ as juveniles, but switch to __________ as adults.

A algae, piscivory/eating fish

B zooplankton, piscivory/eating fish

C small bait fish, large mackrel

D phytoplankton, crustaceans

Question #3

The most ancient group of multicellular algae belongs to the division _____, which owe their distinctive color to the pigment _____.

A Chlorophyta, chlorophyll

B Chlorophyta, carotenoids

C Rhodophyta, phycobilin

D Phaeophyta, phaeophytin

Question #4

The external skeletons of foraminiferans are made of __________ , which sink and form __________ on the deep-sea floor

A calcium carbonate, calcareous oozes

B silica, reef carbonates

C calcium, dolomite

D gelatin, marine snow

Question #5

Catadromus fishes spend nearly their entire lives in/the _____ except when they reproduce in/the _____.

A ocean, freshwater

B saltwater, lakes

C freshwater, ocean

D estuaries, ocean

Question #6

__________ are the most common type of marine viruses, and are so named because they infect and kill __________ .

A Prokayophages, bacteria

B Archaea, virons

C Prokaryotes, phytoplankton

D Bacteriophages, bacteria

Question #7

Brown seaweeds, such as kelps, have gas-filled ‘floats’ called __________ for maximizing their exposure to the sun, and attach themselves to hard-bottom substrates with a __________ .

A neumatocysts, stipe

B pneumatocysts, holdfast

C air bladders, stolon

D flotsam, rooting-body

Question #8

Roundworms belong to the Phylum __________ and have a partial body cavity called a __________.

A Nematoda, pseudocoelom

B Annelida, pseudocoelom

C Platyhelminthes, mesoderm

D Platyhelminthes, coelom

Question #9

Most multicellular marine algae reproduce using a process known as ‘alteration of generations’ in which there exists a separate _____ gametophyte and _____ sporophyte stage.

A diploid, haploid

B haploid, diploid

C polyploid, diploid

D haploid, polyploid

Question #10

Which of the following is an example of a jawless fish?

A Shark

B Ray

C Whale shark

D Hagfish

E Skate

Question #11

Most cnidarians are specialized as:

A Carnivores

B Filter feeders

C Detritivores

D Plant-feeders

E Parasites

Question #12

Porpoises and dolphins are classified as belonging to the Order:

A Carnivora

B Cetacea

C Pinnipedia

D Sirenia

E Tetraceta

Question #13

Gray whales migrate every year between:

A Arctic feeding grounds in winter and Mexican breeding grounds in summer

B Arctic breeding grounds in summer and Mexican feeding grounds in winter

C Arctic feeding grounds in summer and Mexican breeding grounds in winter

D Arctic breeding grounds in winter and Mexican feeding grounds in summer

Question #14

Blubber is found in all of these marine mammals except:

A Manatee

B Sea otter

C Seals

D Sea lions

E Killer whale

Question #15

Which of the following are NOT correctly paired?

A Class Asteroidea — sea stars

B Class Ophiuroidea — brittle stars

C Class Holothuroidea — sea cucumbers

D Class Echinoidea — feather stars

Question #16

Which of the following are not protozoans?

A Foraminiferans

B Radiolarians

C Amoebae

D Ciliates

E Dinoflagellates

Question #17

Reproduction in diatoms is:

A Asexual and sexual

B By parthenogenesis

C Only asexual

D By budding

E Only sexual

Question #18

Agar is a natural product extracted from seaweeds and is used in/as a:

A Toothpaste

B Dental moulds

C Cosmetics

D Culture media

E All of the above

Question #19

The stem-like structure of seaweeds such as kelp is called the:

A Pneumatocyst

B Stipe

C Blade

D Thallus

E Holdfast

Question #20

Amongst cartilaginous fishes, extra buoyancy is provided by the:

A Pectoral fin

B Swim Bladder

C Mouth

D Gills

E Liver

Question #21

Seaweeds differ from true plants because they:

A Are unicellular

B Have no chlorophyll

C Are photosynthetic

D Lack true roots, leaves, and stems

E Are prokaryotic

Question #22

Marine flowering plants include all of the following except:

A Surf grass

B Mangroves

C Kelps

D Cord grass

E Seagrasses

Question #23

Which of the following are NOT correctly paired?

A Phylum Porifera — sponges

B Phylum Nemertea — ribbon worms

C Phylum Cnidaria — corals

D Phylum Platyhelminthes — beard worms

E Phylum Nematoda — round worms

Question #24

Which of the following does NOT apply to marine protozoa?

A Some are heterotrophs

B Are included among the Protista

C Some are autotrophs

D Their name derives from “first animals”

E Muticellular

Question #25

The planula is a:

A Feeding structure

B Filter-feeding worm

C Larval form

D Planktonic mollusc

E Defensive structure

Question #26

The only marine mammals that are herbivorous are the:

A Leopard seals

B Sirenians

C Sea otters

D Baleen whales

E Walrus

Question #27

In the deep-sea, many fish have photophores, which are:

A Specialized jaws

B Movement-detecting organs

C Light-producing organs

D Specialized eyes

E Sex-regulating organs

Question #28

Sharks can reproduce by which of the following methods

A viviparity

B oviparity

C ovoviviparity

D none of the above

E all of the above

Question #29

Which of the following organisms are often responsible for causing red tides?

A Forams

B Archaea

C Viruses

D Dinoflagellates

E Bacteria

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