Exam 1

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Question #1

A _____ uses metabolic energy to heat its body. A _____ loses metabolic heat and must maintain body temperatures using alternative means.

A endotherm, pokilotherm

B homeotherm, endotherm

C ectotherm, endotherm

D endotherm, ectotherm

E pokilotherm, homeotherm

Question #2

The process in which the continental land masses have moved their positions on Earth’s surface due to plate tectonics is known as __________.

A geotaxis

B continental drift

C continental uplift

D contiental rise

E geoforming

Question #3

The nutrients __________, __________, and __________ are often scarce in the water column because they are used up quickly by autotrophs during photosynthesis.

A Iron, Zinc, Nitrate

B Nitrate, Phosphorous, Iron

C Phosphorous, Carbon, Oxygen

D Sulfur, Oxygen, Carbon

Question #4

Seawater turbidity and dissolved materials influence light penetration. In temperate waters, ___________ wavelengths (color) of light penetrate the furthest into seawater, whereas in tropical waters ___________ light travels the deepest.

A blue, green

B blue, blue

C green, blue

D red, green

Question #5

The metabolic wastes excreted by herbivores, as well as other dissolved organic particles are known as _____________ and are an energy source for deep sea organisms.

A dissolved organic carbon

B nitrogenous waste

C marine debris

D marine snow

Question #6

When oceanic plates collide with continental plates, which plate is subducted?

A both

B continental plate

C it depends

D oceanic plate

Question #7

The largest continuous geological feature on earth is the _____.

A Puerto Rico Trench

B Mariana Trench

C Pacific Ocean

D Mid-Atlantic Ridge

E Rocky Mountains

Question #8

The founder of modern oceanography and marine biology is often credited as British naturalist Charles Darwin.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #9

In organisms known as ____________, the salt content of their cellular tissues is identical to that of the surrounding seawater; on the other hand, _________ are able to control the salt content of their internal body fluids.

A homeotherms, ectotherms

B ectotherms, homeotherms

C osmolytes, ectolytes

D ionoconformer, ionoregulator

E osmoconformer, osmoregulator

Question #10

Two ions, ____________ and ____________, comprise about 85% of the solutes in seawater. (Choose two).

A iron

B magnesium

C chloride

D silicon

E sodium

Question #11

Seasonality in temperate and polar waters produces a shallow _______ in the surface layer, however, in the tropics this phenomena is absent.

A seasonal thermocline

B wind-driven upwelling zone

C gyre

D regional nutrient enrichment

Question #12

Earth goes through periods of glaciation and alternating interglacial periods. Earth is currently in a _________ period, that began at the end of the __________ ~11,700 years ago.

A glaciation, Silurian

B glaciation, Miocene

C interglacial, Holocene

D interglacial, Pleistocene

E interglacial, Paleocene

Question #13

The blood of marine fish is less salty relative to seawater and they _____ salt along their gills; freshwater fish blood is more salty than freshwater and they ____ salt at the gills.

A lose, gain

B concentrate, gain

C gain, lose

D gain, concentrate

Question #14

Who were the first marine scientists to travel around the Pacific Ocean using natural phenomena as their navigational tools?

A Captain Cook

B Ferdinand Magellan

C Pacific Islanders

D Vikings

Question #15

Which of the following are considered to be branches of marine science?

A All of these

B Physics

C Chemistry

D Zoology

E Anthropology

Question #16

The east coast of the United States is a passive margin characterized by:

A Steep and rocky shorelines

B Mountains along the coast

C Gentle continental slope

D Offshore trench

E Short continental shelf

Question #17

Trenches are formed where:

A A plate sinks beneath another

B A plate is lifted by another

C A plate moves above another

D A plate splits and opens up

E Sea floor spreading takes place

Question #18

There is scientific evidence that the earth and the rest of the solar system formed approximately:

A 5 million years ago

B 4.6 billion years ago

C 1 billion years ago

D 10.5 billion years ago

E 10 million years ago

Question #19

The world’s largest and deepest ocean:

A Indian Ocean

B Arctic Ocean

C Atlantic Ocean

D Pacific Ocean

E Antarctic Ocean

Question #20

An earthquake occurred off the island of Java. Afterwards an ocean buoy detects a wavelength of 42 ft. Scientists in Hawaii are determining whether this is a sign of an approaching tsunami. Based on the relationship of wavelength to wave-height, the approaching wave is estimated to be _______ ft and an alarm is ______.

A 83, announced

B 6, called off

C 60, called off

D 700, announced

E 100, announced

Question #21

The major surface currents of the oceans rotate counterclockwise in the _____ hemisphere and clockwise in the ______ hemisphere.

A Southern, Southern

B Northern, Northern

C Western, Eastern

D Southern, Northern

E Northern, Southern

Question #22

Glucose is an example of a:

A Hormone

B Protein

C Lipid

D Starch

E Carbohydrate

Question #23

A ______ maintains a constant body temperature. An organisms that lacks thermoregulation and has a variable body temperature is a _______.

A poikilotherm, homeotherm

B endotherm, ectotherm

C poikilotherm, osmoconformer

D homeotherm, poikilotherm

E osmoconformer, osmoregulator

Question #24

The modern scientific method is based on the work of:

A Neptune

B Herodotus

C Plato

D Posidious

E Aristotle

Question #25

Gyres are:

A Large circular systems of surface currents

B Influenced by the Coriolis effect only in the Northern Hemisphere

C Found only in the Pacific Ocean

D Limited to continental margins

E The driving force behind hurricanes and typhoons

Question #26

All of the following are examples of asexual reproduction EXCEPT:

A Fission

B Fragmentation

C Fertilization

D Budding

E None of the above

Question #27

Which of the following ocean bottom-types is composed of a large number of shell pieces secreted by life forms?

A Diogenous

B Hydrogenous

C Terrigenous

D Biogenous

E None of the above

Question #28

After World War II, which of the following technological developments opened the doors to new reseach areas in marine science?

A Research vessels

B Nets

C Deep-water dredges

D Sonar

E Marine laboratories

Question #29

Phylogenetics is the study of _________.

A evolutionary time

B organisms’ physiological ecology

C organisms’ evolutionary history

D drivers of environmental change

Question #30

Which of the following is NOT one of the world’s major ocean basins:

A Arctic

B Indian

C Pacific

D Antarctic

Question #31

The rule of constant proportions states that within the ocean:

A Salinity varies with season

B Sodium varies with depth

C Chlorine varies with location

D Ion concentrations don’t change

E Salinity varies with location

Question #32

Which of the following organic molecules store energy, provide insulation, make up cell membranes, and assist in buoyancy?

A Lipids

B Proteins

C Amino Acids

D Nucleic Acids

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