Exam 1

A  sexual selection

B  genetic bottleneck

C  reproductive variance

D  hardy effect

A  only specific genes for specific proteins are activated in specific cell types.

B  each cell type has its own unique DNA that is different from all other cells.

C  they are mentally manipulated by an organism to achieve specific characteristics.

A  punnett square

B  heritable chart

C  pedigree chart

D  none of the above

A  archaeological, geological, geographical, and biological.

B  cultural, linguistic, geological, and physical.

C  physics, biological, cultural, and linguistic.

D  biological, archaeological, cultural, and linguistic.

A  stabilizing selection.

B  the founder effect.

C  mutation.

D  gene flow.

A  genotype

B  allele frequency

C  phenotype

D  recessive allele

A  recombination

B  gene flow

C  natrual selection

D  genetic drift

A  genetic drift.

B  a population bottleneck.

C  founder effect.

D  gene flow.

A  Gene flow

B  Sexual selection

C  Genetic drift

D  Natural selection

A  cell replication

B  energy production

C  protein synthesis

D  cytoplasmic

A  species split

B  macroevolution

C  microevolution

D  speciation

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  a population bottleneck

B  extinction

C  natural selection

D  a spontaneous population shift

A  species

B  mutants

C  evolved organisms

D  adapted organisms

A  a full complement of chromosomes

B  extra chromosomes

A  they increase variation

B  They Don’t effect variation

C  they decrease variation

D  They both increases and decreases variation

A  the appearance of a new species.

B  a change in allele frequencies in a breeding population over time.

C  changes in the DNA of an individual over his or her lifetime.

D  a process that occurs only over extremely long periods of time.

A  Deoxyribose, phosphate and nitrogenous bases

B  Chromosome s and nuclein

C  Amino acids, and hydrogen bonds

A  humans from a cultural perspective only.

B  humans from a biological perspective

C  pyrimids

D  dinosaurs

A  genetic drift.

B  gene flow.

C  admixture.

D  gene migration.

A  Replication and polymerase immersion

B  Replication and protein synthesis

C  Translation and transcription

D  Replication and DNA construction

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Both alleles have an equal probability of being passed down to the offspring.

B  The recessive allele is more likely to be passed down.

C  The dominant allele is more likely to be passed down.

D  When both alleles are present none of them will be passed down to the next generation

A  No since all traits are only controlled by one gene with two alleles.

B  None of the other responses are satisfactory answers.

C  No since different genes will exert varying degrees of influence on the trait

D  Yes since all genes having to do with a trait always have the exact same influence on a trait.

A  none of the answers are satisfactory

B  within a population, some variations are favored by environmental conditions and others are not

C  all species are fixed

D  organisms transform and pass these transformations on to their offspring

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  determined by one gene with multiple alleles

B  determined by one gene

C  determined by more than one gene

A  would inherit characteristics that were acquired during their parents’ lifetimes.

B  changed genetically from their parents through the accumulation of random genetic mutations.

C  did not inherit characteristics from their parents but acquired them through interaction with their environment.

D  would be composed of an even blend of their parents’ characteristics.

A  epigenes

B  diploid and haploid numbers

C  chromosome number

D  nucleotide sequences

A  dominant

B  recessive

C  structural

D  phenotypic

A  control which amino acids get plugged into polypeptide chains.

B  appear to function in similar ways across diverse groups of organisms.

C  control the development of language in humans.

D  function only in fruit flies.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  controlled by a single gene

B  mentally manipulated

C  controlled by multiple genes

D  greatly manipulated by social factors

A  A theory has been less thoroughly tested than a hypothesis.

B  A theory is an explanation based upon controversial facts.

C  A hypothesis explains observations and cannot be refuted by new evidence.

D  A theory is an explanation that has been carefully examined and tested.

A  may share the same geographic area but are so phenotypically different that they never attempt to reproduce.

B  have their own unique phenotypes and are geographically isolated from one another, but are capable of successful interbreeding.

C  have their own unique phenotypes and are geographically isolated from one another, but if they do happen to encounter one another, they are still capable of interbreeding although their offspring are infertile.

D  are geographically isolated from one another, look alike, but are not capable of successful interbreeding.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  were rare and unlikely to occur.

B  merely increased variation within populations.

C  created new species.

D  resulted in new phenotype characteristics.

A  can always be determined from the phenotype.

B  can never be expressed in the phenotype.

C  can be masked in the phenotype.

D  is expressed in the phenotype alongside a dominant allele.

A  DNA was the molecule carrying the genetic code.

B  traits are passed on from parent to offspring as discrete units.

C  peas were a poor choice for understanding basic hereditary principles.

D  traits inherited from each parent blended together in the offspring.

A  Diseases typically attack individuals and not populations.

B  A disease that kills one individual is likely to kill everybody else.

C  Being the same makes everybody stronger since they are pure blooded and as a result are more likely to survive.

D  Natural selection does not deal with diseases and as a result this scenario is not possible.

A  gene flow, mutations, chromosomes, and genes.

B  mutations, genes, and genetic drift.

C  natural selection, gene flow, genetic drift, and mutations.

D  natural selection, genes, alleles, and chromosomes.

A  genes.

B  ribosomes

C  your mind

D  chains of amino acids.

A  homozygous genes

B  locus

C  heterozygous genes

D  gene variants

A  30,000 genes

B  21,000 genes

C  100,000 genes

D  3 billion genes

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  sperm are more powerful than eggs.

B  the Y chromosome is present in males only.

C  the X chromosome determines sex.

D  the X chromosome originates only from females.

A  the entirety of an individual organism’s genome

B  pools of water that attract organisms and encourage mating

C  the entire collection of genetic material in a breeding community that can be passed on from one generation to the next

D  the observable traits that are produced by a genotype

A  sodium

B  mitochondria

C  tRNA

D  DNA

A  Mendelian inheritance

B  recessive traits

C  codominance

D  polygenic inheritance