At what age do children develop a theory of mind?

1. 10 years of age
2. 4 years of age
3. 2 years of age
4. 12 years of age

Piaget called cognitive development between the ages of two and six ______ intelligence.

1. Symbiotic
2. operational
3. egocentric
4. preoperational

Development in the _____________ helps young children start to plan activities, execute plans, and manage emotions better. 

1. cerebellum
2. corpus callosum
3. prefrontal cortex
4. brain stem

Vygotsky suggested that each individual is surrounded by a zone of:

1. possibilities.
2. proximal development.
3. potentiality.
4. distal development.

Preschoolers use private speech to do all of the follow except:

1. communicate with those around them.
2. explain events to themselves.
3. review what they know.
4. decide what to do.

 “I catched two mices in a trap” is an example of:

1. egocentric speech.
2. overregularization.
3. the past imperfect.
4. literal translation.

According to Erikson, as children develop self-awareness and realize their own mistakes, they feel:

1. empowered.
2. shamed.
3. anger.
4. guilty.

When parents expect unquestioning obedience from their children, their parenting pattern is:

1. dictatorial.
2. authoritative.
3. authoritarian.
4. tyrannical.

The most ideal parenting style for children is _______________.

1. authoritarian
2. permissive
3. authoritative
4. uninvolved

Being a pal (or friend) to a child is the healthiest way of parenting.

1. True
2. False

The best method for parenting is the “teacher-counselor” approach, in which one pays a lot of attention to expert advice on parenting. 

1. True
2. False

The knowledge that gender does not change is known as ________________.

1. gender identity
2. gender fluidity
3. gender constancy

Female infants are held more, talked to more frequently and given direct eye contact

1. True
2. False

To reinforce  ___________, caregivers should offer praise for the child’s efforts and avoid being critical of messes or mistakes.

1. autonomy
2. taking initiative
3. identity achievement
4. industriousness

Freud believed that masculinity and femininity were learned during the ____________ stage of psychosexual development.

1. infancy
2. phallic
3. secondary
4. trust

Cooley argues that our __________ comes from looking at how others respond to us.

1. social skills
2. gender identity
3. self-concept
4. No answer text provided.

Young children tend to minimize their accomplishments or qualities.

1. True
2. False

The process of ___________ is one in which the guide provides needed assistance to the child as a new skill is learned.

1. reinforcement
2. scaffolding
3. modeling

When a two year old says, “I goed there” instead of “I went there” she has engaged in _____________.

1. fast-mapping
2. underregularization
3. overregularization

Permissive parents are disengaged from their children.

1. True
2. False