Midterm 1

A  cosmogenous and hydrogenous

B  biogenous and cosmogenous

C  cosmogenous and lithogenous

D  biogenous and hydrogenous

E  lithogenous and hydrogenous

F  biogenous and lithogenous

A  dinosaurs

B  land based plants

C  microscopic organisms

D  fish and amphibians

A  hydrogenous

B  cosmogenous

C  volcanic

D  lithogenous

A  very little sediment accumulates on continental margins

B  the biogenous component tends to be overwhelmed by the amount of lithogenous material derived from the nearby continent

C  biogenous material dissolves faster than it accumulates

D  relatively few marine organisms live in the waters over the continental margins

A  productivity

B  destruction

C  dilution

D  ecology

A  silica; quartz

B  calcium carbonate; volcanic ash

C  silica; calcium carbonate

D  basalt; granite

A  the ocean depth below which calcium carbonate is stable and can form sediments that last

B  the ocean depth below which calcium carbonate is unstable and will quickly dissolve

C  the ocean depth above which calcium carbonate is unstable and will form sediments that last

D  the ocean depth above which calcium carbonate is unstable and will quickly dissolve

A  volcanic particles

B  beach sand

C  clays

D  wind-driven dust

E  diatom ooze

A  large particles

B  hydrogenous sediments

C  clay-sized particles

D  cosmogenous sediments

A  fabric

B  sorting

C  composition

D  texture

A  hydrothermal vents

B  a central rift valley

C  thick layers of sediment

D  basalt volcanism

A  formed at hot spots

B  volcanic in origin

C  parts of volcanic island arcs

D  parts of continents that broke off

A  continental slopes

B  submarine canyons

C  abyssal plains

D  continental shelfs

A  depth sounding

B  sonar waves

C  mapping with satellite

D  magnetometer

A  cartography

B  tomography

C  hydrology

D  bathymetry

E  navigation

A  a convergent boundary

B  a transform boundary

C  a hot spot

D  a divergent boundary

A  transform faults

B  subduction zones

C  submarine canyons

D  the mid-ocean ridge

A  asthenosphere; lithosphere

B  lithosphere; mesosphere

C  lithosphere; asthenosphere

D  mantle; crust

A  a human can run

B  a human’s fingernail grows

C  a snail crawls

D  a human can walk

A  on the continents

B  at the bottom of the ocean

C  in the middle of the plates

D  at plate boundaries

A  a symmetrical pattern of normal and reverse magnetization in ocean crustal rocks

B  sea floor spreading

C  subduction

D  mass extinction of life-forms

A  convergent; continental; divergent

B  divergent; continental; convergent

C  convergent; oceanic; divergent

D  divergent; oceanic; convergent

A  theories

B  hypotheses

C  guesses

D  observations

A  testing

B  observation

C  hypothesis

D  theory formation

A  Sahara Desert

B  Pacific Ocean

C  Amazon Rainforest

D  Antarctica

A  Asthensophere

B  Lithosphere

C  Ionosphere

A  Lithosphere

B  Asthensophere

C  Ionosphere

A  Dolomite

B  Basalth

C  Granite

A  Iron

B  Coal

C  Granite

A  Iron and Nickel

B  Basalth

C  Granite

A  Density stratification

B  Radiometric dating

C  Outgassing

A  Density stratification

B  Outgassing

C  Innergassing

A  Density stratification

B  Radiometric dating

C  Outgassing

A  Granite

B  Basalth

C  Calcium carbonate

A  Lithosphere

B  Pangea

C  Asthensophere

A  Neritic (coastal)

B  Pelagic (oceanic)

A  Neritic (coastal)

B  Pelagic (oceanic)

A  Pelagic (oceanic)

B  Neritic (coastal)

A  Pelagic (oceanic)

B  Neritic (coastal)

A  Neritic (coastal)

B  Pelagic (oceanic)

A  Neritic (coastal)

B  Pelagic (oceanic)

A  2.5 billion years ago

B  4 billion years ago

C  200,000 years ago

A  4 billion years ago

B  4.5 billion years ago

C  200,000 years ago

A  200,000 years ago

B  2.5 billion years ago

C  4.5 billion years ago

A  2.5 billion years ago

B  4 billion years ago

C  4.5 billion years ago

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE