Midterm 1

A  biogenous and hydrogenous

B  cosmogenous and hydrogenous

C  lithogenous and hydrogenous

D  biogenous and cosmogenous

E  cosmogenous and lithogenous

F  biogenous and lithogenous

A  land based plants

B  dinosaurs

C  fish and amphibians

D  microscopic organisms

A  volcanic

B  lithogenous

C  hydrogenous

D  cosmogenous

A  relatively few marine organisms live in the waters over the continental margins

B  the biogenous component tends to be overwhelmed by the amount of lithogenous material derived from the nearby continent

C  biogenous material dissolves faster than it accumulates

D  very little sediment accumulates on continental margins

A  productivity

B  dilution

C  destruction

D  ecology

A  silica; calcium carbonate

B  calcium carbonate; volcanic ash

C  basalt; granite

D  silica; quartz

A  the ocean depth above which calcium carbonate is unstable and will form sediments that last

B  the ocean depth above which calcium carbonate is unstable and will quickly dissolve

C  the ocean depth below which calcium carbonate is stable and can form sediments that last

D  the ocean depth below which calcium carbonate is unstable and will quickly dissolve

A  diatom ooze

B  beach sand

C  volcanic particles

D  clays

E  wind-driven dust

A  hydrogenous sediments

B  clay-sized particles

C  large particles

D  cosmogenous sediments

A  texture

B  composition

C  fabric

D  sorting

A  a central rift valley

B  basalt volcanism

C  thick layers of sediment

D  hydrothermal vents

A  formed at hot spots

B  parts of continents that broke off

C  volcanic in origin

D  parts of volcanic island arcs

A  continental shelfs

B  abyssal plains

C  submarine canyons

D  continental slopes

A  sonar waves

B  mapping with satellite

C  magnetometer

D  depth sounding

A  tomography

B  bathymetry

C  hydrology

D  cartography

E  navigation

A  a convergent boundary

B  a transform boundary

C  a divergent boundary

D  a hot spot

A  the mid-ocean ridge

B  transform faults

C  submarine canyons

D  subduction zones

A  lithosphere; mesosphere

B  lithosphere; asthenosphere

C  mantle; crust

D  asthenosphere; lithosphere

A  a human can run

B  a human’s fingernail grows

C  a snail crawls

D  a human can walk

A  on the continents

B  at the bottom of the ocean

C  at plate boundaries

D  in the middle of the plates

A  mass extinction of life-forms

B  subduction

C  a symmetrical pattern of normal and reverse magnetization in ocean crustal rocks

D  sea floor spreading

A  convergent; continental; divergent

B  divergent; oceanic; convergent

C  divergent; continental; convergent

D  convergent; oceanic; divergent

A  observations

B  guesses

C  theories

D  hypotheses

A  hypothesis

B  testing

C  observation

D  theory formation

A  Pacific Ocean

B  Amazon Rainforest

C  Antarctica

D  Sahara Desert

A  Asthensophere

B  Lithosphere

C  Ionosphere

A  Asthensophere

B  Ionosphere

C  Lithosphere

A  Basalth

B  Granite

C  Dolomite

A  Coal

B  Iron

C  Granite

A  Granite

B  Iron and Nickel

C  Basalth

A  Density stratification

B  Radiometric dating

C  Outgassing

A  Density stratification

B  Outgassing

C  Innergassing

A  Density stratification

B  Radiometric dating

C  Outgassing

A  Granite

B  Basalth

C  Calcium carbonate

A  Pangea

B  Asthensophere

C  Lithosphere

A  Neritic (coastal)

B  Pelagic (oceanic)

A  Pelagic (oceanic)

B  Neritic (coastal)

A  Neritic (coastal)

B  Pelagic (oceanic)

A  Neritic (coastal)

B  Pelagic (oceanic)

A  Neritic (coastal)

B  Pelagic (oceanic)

A  Pelagic (oceanic)

B  Neritic (coastal)

A  4 billion years ago

B  2.5 billion years ago

C  200,000 years ago

A  200,000 years ago

B  4.5 billion years ago

C  4 billion years ago

A  4.5 billion years ago

B  2.5 billion years ago

C  200,000 years ago

A  2.5 billion years ago

B  4.5 billion years ago

C  4 billion years ago

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE