Bacteria and Archaea

A  Tetanus

B  Anthrax

C  Strep throat 

D  Botulism

A  20 years

B  Millions of years 

C  Two months

D  One year

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Temperature

B  Osmotic pressure

C  pH

D  All of the choices are correct

A  lipid membrane

B  protein 

C  peptidoglycan

D  lipopolysaccharide

A  protien; lipids

B  water; calcium

C  calcium; water 

D  peptidoglycan; cell membrane

A  flagellar proteins

B  peptidoglycan 

C  protein

D  cell membrane

A  the cell wall of the mother cell

B  the cyptoplasm of the mother cell

C  the membrane of the mother cell 

D  proteins produced by the mother cell

A  father cell

B  haploid cell

C  mother cell

D  parent cell

A  When the organism is placed in a hypertonic solution

B  When the organism is exposed to sunlight

C  When nutrients are depleted or conditions become adverse 

D  As a normal part of cellular growth

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  Temperature of 45°C

C  Complex media

D  pH = 4

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  a metabolically active cell 

B  a bacterial cell with an impervious coating

C  a frozen cell

D  a non-diving bacterial cell

A  None of the choices are correct.

B  They exhibit the same gene expression as nonbiofilm-associated bacteria.

C  They pose no risk to the health of hospital patients.

D  They can lead to systemic infections. 

A  All of the chioces are correct

B  Catheters

C  Artificial heart valves

D  Teeth

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  pH gradient

B  nutrient concentration

C  oxygen gradient

D  All of the choices are correct. 

A  Exopolymer

B  Exotoxin

C  Lysozyme

D  IL-4

A  Flagella

B  Spike proteins

C  Fimbriae and flagella 

D  Fimbriae

A  Dry abiotic surfaces

B  Biotic surfaces such as plant and animal tissue

C  Moist abiotic surfaces

D  Moist abiotic surfaces and biotic surfaces such as plant and animal tissue 

A  on shower curtains

B  on the walls of swimming pools

C  on a variety of surfaces including shower curtains, the walls of swimming pools, and teeth 

D  on teeth

A  transferring DNA to other cells

B  attachment

C  maintaining cell shape

D  motility

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Gram-negative cell walls 

B  Lack cell walls 

C  Gram-positive cell walls 

D  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

A  Lack cell walls 

B  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

C  Gram-positive cell walls 

D  Gram-negative cell walls 

A  Gram-positive cell walls 

B  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

C  Lack cell walls 

D  Gram-negative cell walls 

A  Gram-negative cell walls 

B  Gram-positive cell walls 

C  Lack cell walls 

D  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

A  pilus; genetic exchange

B  membrane; genetic exchange

C  membrane; nutrient transfer

D  flagellum; motility

A  The bacterium will tumble until it reaches the nutrient

B  The bacterium will have longer runs towards the nutrient, but it will still tumble at times 

C  The bacterium will run in a straight direction all the way to the nutrient solution

D  The bacterium will rotate its flagella clockwise most of the time

A  The direction of flagellar rotation 

B  The position of flagella within the cell wall

C  Whether a cell is gram-positive or gram-negative

D  The number of cilia present on a cell

E  The number of flagella present on a cell

A  Cilia

B  Pili

C  Fimbriae

D  Flagella 

A  Light

B  Chemicals

C  Sound

D  Temperature

A  Capsule 

B  Flagellum

C  Pilus

D  Fimbria

A  Pilus 

B  Fimbria

C  Flagellum

D  Capsule

A  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Short appendages

B  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Participate in biofilm formation

C  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis

D  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Participate in biofilm formation
Short appendages

A  Capsule-protective layer

B  Flagellum-motility

C  Fimbriae-motility 

D  Pilus-attachment

A  It is released by the bacterium, killing any adjacent host cells

B  It provides motility to bacterial cells, allowing them to spread throughout the host organism

C  The presence of the capsule allows a bacterium to evade the immune system and cause damage to the host 

A  Pseudomonas

B  Klebsiella 

A  Clear halos around the cells 

B  Dark circles surrounding the cell wall

C  Colored layers of threadlike structures surrounding the cell

A  Proteins

B  Carbohydrates 

C  Nucleic acids

D  Lipids

A  Most microbes cannot cause disease without other microbes present.

B  Bacteria in biofilms are often protected from antibiotics. 

C  The secreted extracellular “gunk” is highly damaging to tissues.

A  Yellow or green discharge

B  Salivary secretions

C  Ear wax

D  Dental plaque