Bacteria and Archaea

A  Botulism

B  Anthrax

C  Tetanus

D  Strep throat 

A  One year

B  Millions of years 

C  Two months

D  20 years

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Temperature

B  Osmotic pressure

C  All of the choices are correct

D  pH

A  lipopolysaccharide

B  peptidoglycan

C  lipid membrane

D  protein 

A  water; calcium

B  calcium; water 

C  peptidoglycan; cell membrane

D  protien; lipids

A  protein

B  cell membrane

C  peptidoglycan 

D  flagellar proteins

A  the membrane of the mother cell 

B  the cyptoplasm of the mother cell

C  proteins produced by the mother cell

D  the cell wall of the mother cell

A  haploid cell

B  father cell

C  parent cell

D  mother cell

A  When the organism is exposed to sunlight

B  When nutrients are depleted or conditions become adverse 

C  When the organism is placed in a hypertonic solution

D  As a normal part of cellular growth

A  Complex media

B  Temperature of 45°C

C  pH = 4

D  All of the choices are correct.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  a non-diving bacterial cell

B  a metabolically active cell 

C  a bacterial cell with an impervious coating

D  a frozen cell

A  They pose no risk to the health of hospital patients.

B  They can lead to systemic infections. 

C  None of the choices are correct.

D  They exhibit the same gene expression as nonbiofilm-associated bacteria.

A  All of the chioces are correct

B  Artificial heart valves

C  Teeth

D  Catheters

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  pH gradient

B  oxygen gradient

C  nutrient concentration

D  All of the choices are correct. 

A  Exotoxin

B  IL-4

C  Exopolymer

D  Lysozyme

A  Flagella

B  Fimbriae and flagella 

C  Fimbriae

D  Spike proteins

A  Dry abiotic surfaces

B  Moist abiotic surfaces

C  Moist abiotic surfaces and biotic surfaces such as plant and animal tissue 

D  Biotic surfaces such as plant and animal tissue

A  on shower curtains

B  on a variety of surfaces including shower curtains, the walls of swimming pools, and teeth 

C  on the walls of swimming pools

D  on teeth

A  transferring DNA to other cells

B  maintaining cell shape

C  attachment

D  motility

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Lack cell walls 

B  Gram-positive cell walls 

C  Gram-negative cell walls 

D  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

A  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

B  Lack cell walls 

C  Gram-positive cell walls 

D  Gram-negative cell walls 

A  Gram-negative cell walls 

B  Lack cell walls 

C  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

D  Gram-positive cell walls 

A  Gram-positive cell walls 

B  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

C  Lack cell walls 

D  Gram-negative cell walls 

A  pilus; genetic exchange

B  membrane; genetic exchange

C  flagellum; motility

D  membrane; nutrient transfer

A  The bacterium will rotate its flagella clockwise most of the time

B  The bacterium will run in a straight direction all the way to the nutrient solution

C  The bacterium will tumble until it reaches the nutrient

D  The bacterium will have longer runs towards the nutrient, but it will still tumble at times 

A  The number of cilia present on a cell

B  The direction of flagellar rotation 

C  The position of flagella within the cell wall

D  Whether a cell is gram-positive or gram-negative

E  The number of flagella present on a cell

A  Flagella 

B  Fimbriae

C  Cilia

D  Pili

A  Light

B  Temperature

C  Chemicals

D  Sound

A  Pilus

B  Flagellum

C  Fimbria

D  Capsule 

A  Capsule

B  Flagellum

C  Pilus 

D  Fimbria

A  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Short appendages

B  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Participate in biofilm formation
Short appendages

C  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Participate in biofilm formation

D  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis

A  Pilus-attachment

B  Capsule-protective layer

C  Flagellum-motility

D  Fimbriae-motility 

A  It is released by the bacterium, killing any adjacent host cells

B  The presence of the capsule allows a bacterium to evade the immune system and cause damage to the host 

C  It provides motility to bacterial cells, allowing them to spread throughout the host organism

A  Klebsiella 

B  Pseudomonas

A  Dark circles surrounding the cell wall

B  Clear halos around the cells 

C  Colored layers of threadlike structures surrounding the cell

A  Proteins

B  Nucleic acids

C  Carbohydrates 

D  Lipids

A  The secreted extracellular “gunk” is highly damaging to tissues.

B  Bacteria in biofilms are often protected from antibiotics. 

C  Most microbes cannot cause disease without other microbes present.

A  Yellow or green discharge

B  Dental plaque

C  Salivary secretions

D  Ear wax