Midterm

A  there is a large difference between men’s and women’s definitions of forced sex

B  few women know their rapists, making it very difficult to arrest and prosecute them

C  not all rapists are sexual predators that can be tracked in the government’s sexual predator database

D  of the increasingly sexual environment in which we live

A  they have learned to accept forced sex as a means of self-preservation

B  they frequently dress in revealing clothing that excites men

C  men are socialized to feel sexual entitlement and insensitive to the difference between consensual and nonconsensual sex

D  they rarely fight back in an attempt to minimize the experience

A  True

B  False

A  Japanese American

B  German American

C  Chinese American

D  Italian American

A  many Native American tribes in the United States who exercise their sovereignty through gaming and other enterprises

B  the Hmong people’s extended family structure that allows for their elders to play a significant role in decision making

C  African Americans who do not value family because of the high rates of single-parent households

D  many Chicanos and Chicanas who incorporate certain indigenous practices into their religion

A  cultural practices and outlooks, including language, history, ancestry, religion, and styles of dress or adornment that tend to set people apart

B  the four clearly defined groups into which humans are categorized based on physical phenotype

C  physical variations in human beings singled out by members of a community or society as socially significant

D  a set of distinct physical characteristics that is the basis for a scientific classification of human beings

A  antiracism

B  prejudice

C  racism

D  discrimination

A  $1 trillion less

B  far more, but actual statistics are difficult to verify

C  far less, but actual statistics are difficult to verify

D  about the same

A  assimilation

B  multiculturalism

C  segregation

D  pluralism

A  a set of distinct physical characteristics that are the basis for a scientific classification of human beings

B  physical variations in human beings singled out by members of a community or society as socially significant

C  the four clearly defined groups into which humans are categorized based on physical phenotype

D  cultural practices and outlooks, including language, history, ancestry, religion, and styles of dress or adornment that tend to set people apart

A  Robert K. Merton

B  Anthony Giddens

C  George Herbert Mead

D  Émile Durkheim

A  social construction

B  rationalization

C  socialization

D  social structure

A  any building constructed by more than one person

B  the mental state or personality of an individual

C  the random events or actions that occur within a building or concrete structure

D  a regularity or pattern in people’s behavior and relationships

A  sociologists are primarily interested in predicting the future

B  sociology is not concerned with empirical verification of theories

C  sociology should be considered a philosophy rather than a science

D  sociology attempts to connect individual experiences to a conception of a larger social structure

A  Sex refers to biological traits, while gender refers to social traits.

B  Sex refers to aggressive behavior, while gender refers to expressive behavior.

C  Sex refers to men, while gender refers to women.

D  Sex is a verb, while gender is a noun.

A  an exchange of functions

B  an exchange of symbols

C  a conflict

D  a rational choice

A  dialectical materialism

B  rationalization

C  double consciousness

D  organic solidarity

A  Harriet Martineau

B  Emily Dickinson

C  Émile Durkheim

D  Jean Baudrillard

A  an introductory sociology class

B  the Beta chapter of Delta Gamma sorority

C  the college or university you attend

D  a block party in celebration of Independence Day

A  the sense of aimlessness provoked by modern social life

B  class struggles

C  the superiority of Western culture

D  the influence of cultural ideas and values on social change and individual behavior

A  communism

B  Marxism

C  capitalism

D  socialism

A  argued that social change is caused by economic influences as opposed to values and ideas

B  concentrated on postindustrial society as opposed to industrial society

C  argued for a social physics and scientific understanding

D  argued that social change causes anomie

A  Max Weber

B  Émile Durkheim

C  Karl Marx

D  Harriet Martineau

A  when people disagree on basic values and customs but work together anyway

B  a source of social conflict in society

C  when the institutions of society function together as a whole

D  how society operates naturally

A  a willingness on the part of men to use pressure, threats, coercion, and force to obtain sex

B  a culturally established overt pressure for women not to participate in any type of sex

C  a need to convince women to have more sex in order to avoid rape

D  the question of how to uniformly apply the definition of sexual harassment

A  sex desegregation

B  human capital policies

C  comparable worth policies

D  minimum wage laws

A  fact that most women found it more acceptable to work from 5:00 P.M. to 1:00 A.M. rather than the first shift from 9:00 A.M. to 5:00 P.M.

B  burden of housework that awaits a woman when she returns home from work

C  shift of women workers from industrial jobs to service jobs

D  fact that women are mothers from 3:00 P.M., when school is over, to 9:00 P.M., when the children go to sleep, followed by being a wife from 9:00 P.M. until the morning

A  misogynistic attitude

B  sexual harassment

C  misogynistic attitude

D  gender typing

A  oppression

B  patriarchy

C  gender typing

D  masculinization

A  in which chivalrous behavior from men is rewarded

B  that respects the traditional role of the male in society

C  that is dominated by radical feminists

D  in which men dominate economic and political institutions

A  postmodern and black

B  radical and liberal

C  black and liberal

D  postmodern and radical

A  a belief that the roots of gender inequality are biological

B  a rejection of the idea that gender has an influence on social life

C  that there is one feminist school of thought

D  that women have an unequal position in society

A  sex role

B  gender role

C  expressive role

D  instrumental role

A  aggressive behavior is not tolerated in men

B  aggressive behavior is not tolerated in either men or women

C  aggressive behavior is not tolerated in women

D  both men and women engage in aggressive behavior

A  gender roles are essentially the same everywhere with only minor variations

B  gender roles are biologically determined

C  gender roles are culturally determined

D  social scientists are unable to understand gender roles in other societies

A  gender

B  sexuality

C  socialization

D  sex

A  genetic hegemony

B  a reproductive strategy

C  the decline of cultural values

D  biological instinct

A  ethnocentrism

B  cultural relativism

C  culture shock

D  cultural identity

A  subcultures

B  assimilation

C  cultural relativism

D  multiculturalism

A  multiculturalists

B  individualistic

C  nonconformists

D  subcultures

A  postindustrial

B  agrarian

C  industrial

D  hunting and gathering

A  pastoralism

B  industrialization

C  civilization

D  agriculture

A  agrarian

B  industrial

C  hunting and gathering

D  horticultural and pastoral

A  size of the family

B  amount and type of food gathered during the growing season

C  gender and age of the community members

D  length of time in which a family resided with the community

A  hunting and gathering

B  horticultural and pastoral

C  agrarian

D  industrial

A  language shapes our perceptions and ways of thinking

B  children learn their gender roles in American society

C  family members play a critical role in personality development

D  world languages develop over time

A  cultural universal

B  value

C  material good

D  norm

A  an enduring system of interrelationships that connects individuals

B  an abstract ideal about what is good and bad

C  a set of concrete rules of behavior

D  guidelines of behavior for interacting with people from different cultures

A  concrete rules of behavior

B  modes of behavior shared by all human cultures

C  laws that a society creates

D  abstract ideals about what is good and bad