Midterm

A  there is a large difference between men’s and women’s definitions of forced sex

B  few women know their rapists, making it very difficult to arrest and prosecute them

C  not all rapists are sexual predators that can be tracked in the government’s sexual predator database

D  of the increasingly sexual environment in which we live

A  they rarely fight back in an attempt to minimize the experience

B  they have learned to accept forced sex as a means of self-preservation

C  they frequently dress in revealing clothing that excites men

D  men are socialized to feel sexual entitlement and insensitive to the difference between consensual and nonconsensual sex

A  False

B  True

A  Italian American

B  German American

C  Chinese American

D  Japanese American

A  African Americans who do not value family because of the high rates of single-parent households

B  many Native American tribes in the United States who exercise their sovereignty through gaming and other enterprises

C  the Hmong people’s extended family structure that allows for their elders to play a significant role in decision making

D  many Chicanos and Chicanas who incorporate certain indigenous practices into their religion

A  cultural practices and outlooks, including language, history, ancestry, religion, and styles of dress or adornment that tend to set people apart

B  a set of distinct physical characteristics that is the basis for a scientific classification of human beings

C  physical variations in human beings singled out by members of a community or society as socially significant

D  the four clearly defined groups into which humans are categorized based on physical phenotype

A  discrimination

B  antiracism

C  racism

D  prejudice

A  about the same

B  far less, but actual statistics are difficult to verify

C  far more, but actual statistics are difficult to verify

D  $1 trillion less

A  assimilation

B  pluralism

C  segregation

D  multiculturalism

A  the four clearly defined groups into which humans are categorized based on physical phenotype

B  a set of distinct physical characteristics that are the basis for a scientific classification of human beings

C  cultural practices and outlooks, including language, history, ancestry, religion, and styles of dress or adornment that tend to set people apart

D  physical variations in human beings singled out by members of a community or society as socially significant

A  Émile Durkheim

B  Robert K. Merton

C  George Herbert Mead

D  Anthony Giddens

A  social structure

B  social construction

C  socialization

D  rationalization

A  a regularity or pattern in people’s behavior and relationships

B  the random events or actions that occur within a building or concrete structure

C  any building constructed by more than one person

D  the mental state or personality of an individual

A  sociology attempts to connect individual experiences to a conception of a larger social structure

B  sociologists are primarily interested in predicting the future

C  sociology is not concerned with empirical verification of theories

D  sociology should be considered a philosophy rather than a science

A  Sex is a verb, while gender is a noun.

B  Sex refers to men, while gender refers to women.

C  Sex refers to biological traits, while gender refers to social traits.

D  Sex refers to aggressive behavior, while gender refers to expressive behavior.

A  a rational choice

B  an exchange of symbols

C  an exchange of functions

D  a conflict

A  double consciousness

B  organic solidarity

C  rationalization

D  dialectical materialism

A  Émile Durkheim

B  Emily Dickinson

C  Harriet Martineau

D  Jean Baudrillard

A  an introductory sociology class

B  the college or university you attend

C  the Beta chapter of Delta Gamma sorority

D  a block party in celebration of Independence Day

A  class struggles

B  the superiority of Western culture

C  the sense of aimlessness provoked by modern social life

D  the influence of cultural ideas and values on social change and individual behavior

A  socialism

B  communism

C  Marxism

D  capitalism

A  argued that social change causes anomie

B  argued for a social physics and scientific understanding

C  concentrated on postindustrial society as opposed to industrial society

D  argued that social change is caused by economic influences as opposed to values and ideas

A  Émile Durkheim

B  Harriet Martineau

C  Karl Marx

D  Max Weber

A  when people disagree on basic values and customs but work together anyway

B  how society operates naturally

C  a source of social conflict in society

D  when the institutions of society function together as a whole

A  a culturally established overt pressure for women not to participate in any type of sex

B  a willingness on the part of men to use pressure, threats, coercion, and force to obtain sex

C  the question of how to uniformly apply the definition of sexual harassment

D  a need to convince women to have more sex in order to avoid rape

A  comparable worth policies

B  sex desegregation

C  minimum wage laws

D  human capital policies

A  shift of women workers from industrial jobs to service jobs

B  fact that women are mothers from 3:00 P.M., when school is over, to 9:00 P.M., when the children go to sleep, followed by being a wife from 9:00 P.M. until the morning

C  burden of housework that awaits a woman when she returns home from work

D  fact that most women found it more acceptable to work from 5:00 P.M. to 1:00 A.M. rather than the first shift from 9:00 A.M. to 5:00 P.M.

A  sexual harassment

B  gender typing

C  misogynistic attitude

D  misogynistic attitude

A  oppression

B  patriarchy

C  masculinization

D  gender typing

A  that respects the traditional role of the male in society

B  that is dominated by radical feminists

C  in which chivalrous behavior from men is rewarded

D  in which men dominate economic and political institutions

A  postmodern and black

B  postmodern and radical

C  black and liberal

D  radical and liberal

A  a rejection of the idea that gender has an influence on social life

B  a belief that the roots of gender inequality are biological

C  that there is one feminist school of thought

D  that women have an unequal position in society

A  expressive role

B  sex role

C  gender role

D  instrumental role

A  aggressive behavior is not tolerated in men

B  both men and women engage in aggressive behavior

C  aggressive behavior is not tolerated in women

D  aggressive behavior is not tolerated in either men or women

A  gender roles are culturally determined

B  gender roles are essentially the same everywhere with only minor variations

C  gender roles are biologically determined

D  social scientists are unable to understand gender roles in other societies

A  socialization

B  gender

C  sexuality

D  sex

A  genetic hegemony

B  a reproductive strategy

C  the decline of cultural values

D  biological instinct

A  cultural relativism

B  culture shock

C  cultural identity

D  ethnocentrism

A  assimilation

B  multiculturalism

C  subcultures

D  cultural relativism

A  multiculturalists

B  individualistic

C  nonconformists

D  subcultures

A  agrarian

B  hunting and gathering

C  industrial

D  postindustrial

A  agriculture

B  civilization

C  industrialization

D  pastoralism

A  industrial

B  horticultural and pastoral

C  agrarian

D  hunting and gathering

A  amount and type of food gathered during the growing season

B  gender and age of the community members

C  length of time in which a family resided with the community

D  size of the family

A  agrarian

B  hunting and gathering

C  industrial

D  horticultural and pastoral

A  world languages develop over time

B  language shapes our perceptions and ways of thinking

C  children learn their gender roles in American society

D  family members play a critical role in personality development

A  value

B  norm

C  material good

D  cultural universal

A  an enduring system of interrelationships that connects individuals

B  guidelines of behavior for interacting with people from different cultures

C  an abstract ideal about what is good and bad

D  a set of concrete rules of behavior

A  abstract ideals about what is good and bad

B  concrete rules of behavior

C  modes of behavior shared by all human cultures

D  laws that a society creates