Module 1 Exam

A  selective survival

B  cohort effect

C  attrition

D  selective sampling

A  gender effect

B  age effect

C  time of measurement effect

D  cohort effect

A  dependent; independent

B  independent; dependent

C  quasi-experimental; correlational

D  correlational; quasi-experimental

A  ethnographic research

B  cross-sectional research

C  quasi-experimental research

D  longitudinal research

A  quasi-experiment

B  correlation

C  experiment

D  theory

A  a cross-sectional design

B  a quasi-experimental design

C  a semi-reliable design

D  a longitudinal design

A  Standardization; variance from the mean

B  Reliability; validity

C  Variance from the mean; standardization

D  Validity; reliability

A  reliable; valid

B  internally measured; externally measured

C  informed consent; debriefing

D  non-numerical; numerical

A  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

B  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

C  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

D  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

A  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

B  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

C  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

D  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

A  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

B  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

C  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

D  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

A  Confidentiality; reliability

B  Reliability; confidentiality

C  Debriefing; informed consent

D  Informed consent; debriefing

A  Department of Research

B  Ethical Standard Board

C  University Research Sponsorship Department

D  Institutional Review Board

A  standardization

B  validity

C  generalizability

D  reliability

A  variable

B  theory

C  population

D  hypothesis

A  the way the study is conducted and the data are collected

B  a framework that presents a set of interconnected ideas in an original way and inspires further research

C  a group of people who participate in a research study

D  a statement indicating that participation in the study is voluntary, and that persons may withdraw from participation in the study at any time

A  identify a question to be investigated; form a hypothesis; choose a research method and a research design; collect data to test the hypothesis; and draw conclusions that lead to new questions and hypotheses

B  observe the environment; generate a theory of the phenomenon to be studied; generate possible hypotheses; systematically vary variables; and conduct an experiment

C  collect data to test a theory; manipulate variables within a laboratory setting; conduct a statistical analysis of the data; synthesize the results; and publish the findings

D  generate a conclusion; isolate variables; determine how variables are related to the conclusion; conduct the research study; and published the findings

A  forming a hypothesis

B  selecting a research method and a research design

C  identifying a question of scientific interest

D  collecting data

A  cultural beliefs are the basis for many other conditions of children’s development

B  culture is damaging and can be devastating to a young child’s development

C  nearly everyone lives in a very similar culture

D  culture should be factored out to determine what really influences development

A  exosystem

B  chronosystem

C  mesosystem

D  macrosystem

A  chronosystem

B  mesosystem

C  macrosystem

D  exosystem

A  time and historical change

B  parents, siblings, peers and friends, and teachers

C  cultural beliefs and values, and economic and governmental systems

D  schools, religious institutions, and the media

A  macrosystem

B  microsystem

C  mesosystem

D  exosystem

A  microsystem

B  exosystem

C  mesosystem

D  macrosystem

A  Piaget

B  Freud

C  Bronfenbrenner

D  Erikson

A  crisis

B  sensitivity

C  fixation

D  critical period

A  personality was set at birth, while Freud thought that it was completed by age 6

B  sexuality was even more important than Freud did

C  development continued throughout the lifespan, and Freud believed that only the early years were important

D  biological factors were more important in terms of development, and Freud believed that culture was more important

A  conscious, collective unconscious, subcortical unconscious

B  the self, the shadow, the anima

C  id, ego, superego

D  real self, fear self, future self

A  psychosexual

B  psychocognitive

C  psychobiological

D  psychosocial

A  behavioral therapy

B  humanistic psychology

C  psychoanalysis

D  psychosocial moratorium

A  low-SES; high-SES; low-SES mothers are less likely to receive prenatal care

B  high-SES; low-SES; high-SES mothers are not likely to consume fluoride in their drinking water

C  middle-SES; high-SES; middle-SES fathers are more likely to be absent from the family

D  middle-SES; low-SES; middle-SES mothers are more likely to live in rural parts of the country

A  moderate; low

B  low; high

C  high; moderate

D  high; low

A  education status

B  tax bracket status

C  social class status

D  socioeconomic status

A  ethnic populace

B  majority culture

C  subcultural groups

D  minority culture

A  agrarian cultures

B  rural cultures

C  conventional cultures

D  traditional cultures

A  about one fourth of the middle class

B  about half of the middle class

C  most of the population

D  the wealthy elite

A  90%

B  50%

C  70%

D  30%

A  40%

B  20%

C  80%

D  60%

A  80%

B  40%

C  60%

D  20%

A  developing country

B  individualistic culture

C  developed country

D  collective culture

A  Japan

B  the United States

C  Germany

D  Canada

A  27%, 73%

B  18%, 82%

C  47%, 57%

D  37%, 63%

A  Collective cultures

B  Individualistic cultures

C  Developing countries

D  Developed countries

A  population-rich countries

B  developed countries

C  impoverished countries

D  developing countries

A  increase slowly

B  increase more than developing countries

C  remain stable in population

D  decrease

A  developed countries

B  developing countries

C  emerging countries

D  South American countries

A  births per woman

B  conceptions per woman

C  women on fertility drugs

D  fetuses that were spontaneously aborted

A  small world syndrome

B  globalization

C  the Internet

D  social networks

A  the strength of their id

B  the expression of their phenotype

C  their genetic lineage

D  their culture

A  change

B  development

C  growth

D  evolution