Test 2

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Question #1

Federal law now requires the employers of fifty or more employees to provide:

A paid family leave for six months.

B on-site child care.

C unpaid family leave for up to twelve weeks.

D pension plans.

E retirement counseling.

Question #2

Mr. Ostrowski’s suggestion to Malcolm X that he become a carpenter instead of a lawyer is an example of

A occupational guidance.

B occupational steering.

C pragmatic job counseling.

D early job socialization.

E lateral mobility.

Question #3

Assembly-line work is typically thought to be alienating because

A it is poorly paid.

B new technologies have created too many stressful intellectual demands.

C it requires more manual dexterity than many workers possess.

D it is repetitive.

E the tasks are too difficult.

Question #4

Maslow is to self-actualization as Marx is to __________.

A powerlessness

B revolution

C alienation

D self-estrangement

E boredom

Question #5

The income squeeze refers to

A the difference between increasing family expenses across the life cycle and relatively stable earnings.

B the difference between the average earnings of adult children and their parents.

C the difference between the average earnings of new workers and experienced workers.

D the difference between the income of workers and the needs of their aged parents.

E the difference between the average earnings of husbands and wives.

Question #6

Which of the following work rule changes is most likely to increase the alienation of the workers?

A installing a hot-line for anonymous complaints about safety concerns

B requiring workers to keep track of their expenses while traveling on company business

C requiring that all promotion possibilities be posted for three weeks before the job is filled

D requiring workers to eat only in the company cafeteria

E forbidding workers to talk with their co-workers

Question #7

Home production would include all of the following EXCEPT

A washing laundry.

B taking children to sports lessons.

C preparing meals.

D writing freelance articles for publication.

E buying groceries.

Question #8

Strikes involving several trades simultaneously are called

A general strikes.

B gridlock strikes.

C mass strikes.

D sit-down strikes.

E secondary boycotts.

Question #9

The legal basis for the elimination of employment discrimination is

A the bill of rights.

B the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

C Title VII of the U.S. Civil Rights Act of 1964.

D Brown v. Board of Education.

E the Executive Order of 1962.

Question #10

Mass-production workers used sit-down strikes as means of resistance. They could not withhold their labor because

A family members employed by the same company would be fired.

B they were considered to be easily replaceable.

C they were not unionized yet.

D their wage was too cheap to stop working.

E strikes were illegal.

Question #11

Which of the following is NOT true of the Knights of Labor?

A The Knights favored social and political reform.

B It was a general union.

C It was basically a self-improvement and social reform society.

D Like many early unions, it excluded working women.

E The Knights officially opposed strikes.

Question #12

In assessing the effects of alienation and self-actualization upon workers’ lives off the job, we may conclude that

A only self-actualization has an effect outside the workplace.

B technology mediates the effects of alienation and self-actualization upon workers’ families.

C alcohol, drug abuse, and family problems have no connection with workers’ job experiences.

D only alienation has an effect outside the workplace.

E both self-actualization and alienation may have an effect outside the workplace.

Question #13

Refer to the following set of facts: Lakeisha works in a medium-sized firm in Chicago. Her husband Michael works for a large firm and was recently transferred to Salt Lake City. Lakeisha and Michael have one daughter, Yvonne, who is two years old. Yvonne lives with her mother in Chicago. Which of the following fringe benefits could be most helpful in this situation?

A retirement counseling, defined contribution plans, and health care

B on-site child care, relocation counseling, and flextime

C job sharing, paid leave, and elder care

D elder care, a defined benefit plan, and health care

E maternal leave, health care, and education benefits

Question #14

The existence of a large proletariat is most consistent with the work of

A Barbara Reskin

B Charles Tilly

C Karl Marx

D William Julius Wilson

E Max Weber

Question #15

How does organizational structure affect job satisfaction?

A Job satisfaction increases as division of labor increases.

B Opportunities for promotion appear to be unrelated to job satisfaction.

C The nature of the job tasks is unrelated to job satisfaction.

D Workers in very small companies report low job satisfaction due to limited job complexity.

E Workers prefer small companies to large corporations.

Question #16

“Solidarity Forever,” a union inspirational song, was used

A to persuade political parties to support unions.

B to persuade employers to recognize unions.

C to convince workers that their problems are shared by others.

D as an illegal labor practice.

E as an ineffective organizing tool.

Question #17

Sociologists have suggested that the following are significant job characteristics in promoting healthy mental functioning among workers:

A job autonomy, complexity, and diversity

B job flexibility and diversity

C job complexity and security

D job security, job rotation, and training

E job rotation, close supervision, and flexibility

Question #18

A group that has often experienced upward mobility is

A divorced women.

B part-time workers.

C the underclass.

D unskilled workers.

E the children of immigrants.

Question #19

A contemporary successor of Marx, Seeman says alienation is subjectively experienced as:

A dissatisfaction, powerlessness, meaninglessness, isolation, normlessness

B dissatisfaction, meaninglessness, powerlessness, isolation, anger, normlessness, self-estrangement

C dissatisfaction, powerlessness, anger, self-estrangement, isolation

D powerlessness, self-estrangement, meaninglessness, isolation, normlessness

E anger, self-estrangement, meaninglessness, isolation, normlessness

Question #20

Which of the following is an intrinsic reward?

A craft and machine tending.

B fringe benefits

C positive relations with co-workers

D pay

E job security

Question #21

Which of the following is part of the ‘hidden curriculum’ of the kindergarten?

A learning to count to one hundred.

B learning the letters of the alphabet.

C learning to raise one’s hand before speaking.

D learning to distinguish different colors.

E learning how to use a pencil properly.

Question #22

A fast food worker may experience ____ because of the conflicting expectations to sell as much food as possible and to have pleasant interactions with customers.

A self-actualization

B job angst

C alienation

D bullying

E role strain

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