Chapter 6 Quiz

A  a vegan

B  an omnivore

C  a pregnant woman

D  a lacto-ovo vegetarian

E  a carnivore

A  It provides more saturated fat.

B  It promotes a leaner body type

C  It reduces the risk of cancer.

D  It provides more antioxidant nutrients and fiber.

E  It provides more phytochemicals.

A  maintaining acid-base balance

B  regulating gene expression

C  maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance

D  providing an unlimited supply of energy

E  serving as antibodies

A  Cells in the small intestine possess different sites for absorbing different types of amino acids, which causes competition among amino acids at the absorption sites.

B  Protein digestion and absorption require some form of carbohydrate.

C  Amino acids need a carrier in the bloodstream because they do not transport very well alone.

D  Larger peptide molecules must be completely broken down into amino acids to be absorbed into the bloodstream from the intestine.

E  Proteins are broken down into individual amino acids and absorbed by all intestinal cells at an equal rate.

A  freezing

B  heat

C  stomach acid

D  mercury

E  radiation

A  Amino Acids

B  RNA

C  DNA

D  Nucleus

A  It is a precursor of vitamin C.

B  It is used to make the vitamin niacin.

C  It is converted into the hormone insulin.

D  It is used to make the brown pigment melanin.

E  It is used to make the neurotransmitter serotonin.

A  small intestines

B  stomach

C  blood stream

D  mouth

A  No; Extra carbohydrate and fat, but not extra protein, are needed for recovery from illness.

B  Yes; Amino acid supplements are an excellent way to quickly provide energy to muscles for rebuilding.

C  Yes; Taking amino acid supplements helps keep the digestive system from overworking while you recover from illness.

D  No; Whole protein is better handled by the digestive system and will promote muscle mass gain better than amino acid supplements.

E  Yes; But, one should also do plenty of exercise to promote muscle regain.

A  antibodies

B  glycogen

C  collagen

D  insulin

A  kidney beans

B  margarine

C  flaxseeds

D  almonds

E  eggs

A  B12

B  phytochemicals

C  Iron

D  zinc

E  vitamin C

A  eggs

B  peanuts

C  pasta

D  peppers

E  black beans

A  conversion of half the protein we eat to glucose for energy

B  annual replacement of old cells with new protein that has entered the body in food

C  excretion of intracellular working proteins as old cells wear out

D  use of amino acids that have been conserved from the breakdown of old cells

E  loss of amino acids by excretion through the kidneys when cells die

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  I and V only

B  I, II, IV, and V

C  I, III, IV, and V

D  I, III, and IV only

A  bacteria

B  UV light

C  genetic modification

D  fertilizer

E  crop rotation

A  negative nitrogen balance

B  a weakened immune system

C  slow growth in children

D  increased nutrient absorption from the digestive tract

E  impaired brain and kidney function

A  acid group

B  amino group

C  backbone

D  side chain

E  carbon bond

A  The gluten-free diet will help relieve any digestive symptoms she may have.

B  Even if she does not have celiac disease, she will benefit from removing gluten from her diet.

C  Gluten-free weight-loss diets offer no advantages over other low-calorie diets.

D  Gluten-free diets are useful because they also help prevent cancer.

E  She should be successful because it is an excellent way to lose weight.