Exam 3

A  45 x 10-4
3.2 x 104

B  4.5 x 10-4
32 x 103

C  4.5 x 103
32 x 103

D  4.5 x 10-3
3.2 x 104

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  travel less distance between their source and the observer than lower-energy photons.

B  are not as likely to become redshifted as lower-energy photons.

C  move faster than lower-energy photons.

D  have higher frequencies and shorter wavelengths than lower-energy photons.

E  have more mass than lower-energy photons.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  a spectroscopic binary

B  an astrometric binary

C  an eclipsing binary

D  impossible, unless at least one of the two stars if itself intrinsically variable.

E  a visual binary

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  farther

B  the same distance

C  now way to tell with available data

D  closer

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  the relatively cool outer layers absorb photons emitted in the hot inner parts of the Sun, producing absorption lines.

B  the coronal mass ejections interfere with the photons, adding too much noise to the spectrum.

C  its spectrum consists of emission lines of the elements in the Sun, so there are some gaps.

D  its core is much hotter than its surface, so the shape of the curve is distored.

E  the Sun is too hot to radiate at all wavelengths.

A  converging spectral lines

B  2 visible stars orbiting each other

C  varying star intensities

D  oscillatory (wobbly) star motions

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  An explosion throws out mass that settles as a star.

B  Gravity causes a cloud of gas & dust to collapse toward a center.

C  Dark clouds hide large gas balls that are ignited by passing stars.

D  A large gas ball spins out of a larger star when disrupted by a passing star.

A  with extra neutrinos

B  with extra electrons

C  with extra protons

D  with extra neutrons

A  triple alpha process

B  proton-proton chain

C  carbon-nitrogen-oxygen cycle

D  nucleosynthesis

A  Venus

B  Io

C  Triton

D  Uranus

A  a constant dipole magnetic field

B  nuclear explosions

C  granulation oscillations

D  the Zeeman effect and the Maunder minimum

E  differential rotation, winding up the magnetic fields

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  a neutron

B  an ion

C  a photon

D  an electron

E  a proton

A  expansion/contraction

B  mass

C  distance

D  core temperature

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Each element produces a unique pattern of spectral lines, like a fingerprint.

B  Photon emission occurs randomly, in any direction.

C  An electron in an atom may absorb either part or all of the energy of a photon.

D  Absorption occurs when an electron in an atom jumps from a lower energy level to a higher energy level.

E  Electrons have discrete energy levels.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Mira clusters

B  open clusters

C  megaclusters

D  globular clusters

E  elliptical galaxies

A  across the field of view

B  away from us

C  toward us

D  not speed, but energies due to temperature

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Hydrogen normally has one electron.

B  Hydrogen normally has one neutron.

C  Normal hydrogen is also called protium.

D  Hydrogen normally has one proton.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Earth

B  Venus

C  Uranus

D  Mars

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Jovian planets rotate very rapidly, and some material near the equator of these planets was flung outward, forming the rings

B  tidal forces cause volcanic eruptions on some moons, and part of this material subsequently escaped the gravity of the moons, forming the rings.

C  tidal forces prevent the material in rings from forming into moons

D  their thick gaseous atmospheres would disintegrate any small rock that enter them

E  there is too much material to have fit into the ball of each planet

A  Sirius is located greater then 10 ps from Earth.

B  Sirius is located less than 10 ps from Earth.

C  Sirius is located 10 ps from Earth.

D  This is an impossible situation. The apparent magnitude can’t be more than the absolute magnitude.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  4

B  1/16

C  1/4

D  16

A  18

B  10

C  8

D  7

A  Stars form from gaint clouds of gas and dust whose collapse and fragmentation (clumping) are due to gravity.

B  Contracting balls of gas with masses below about 75 Jupiter masses actually end up as brown dwarfs, not main-sequence stars.

C  During gravitational contraction, the temperature in the core of a pre-main-sequence star decreases.

D  Gravitational contraction of a pre-main-sequence star ceases once nuclear reaction begin.

A  protons

B  neutrons

C  valence shields

D  electrons

E  Bohr model

A  emitted intensity

B  core temperature

C  speed of light

D  photosphere temperature

E  fusion density

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  brown giants

B  Cepheids

C  binary stars

D  long period variables

A  red

B  green

C  blue

D  white

A  5 billion years

B  > 10 billion years

C  young (< millions of years)

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  sunspots and heliosiesmology are associated with the photosphere

B  the corona is the solar wind

C  the chromosphere is best viewed with a H-alpha filter

D  a photo of the Sun with a x-ray filter will show the chromoshere

A  mass

B  pressure

C  gravity

D  temperature

A  reflecting; differing focal points from different parts of the mirror.

B  refracting; different focal lengths for different wavelengths of light.

C  refracting; the smearing of light due to atmospheric turbulence.

D  space; the deformation of the glass due to the absence of gravity.

E  reflecting; the smearing of light due to atmospheric turbulence.

A  It has one electron, so it is not an ion.

B  It is an isotope of hydrogen.

C  It has one neutron and one proton.

D  It has one more proton than an average hydrogen atom.