Navigation » List of Schools » West Los Angeles College » Physiology » Physiology 101 – Introduction to Human Physiology » Fall 2020 » Lecture Exam 2 (A)
Below are the questions for the exam with the choices of answers:
Question #1
A muscarinic
B adrenergic
C nicotinic
Question #2
A Persistence of the sensation of a limb even after it has been severed from the body
B Conversion of the energy of a stimulus into a pattern of electrical activity
C A decrease in receptor sensitivity despite continuation of a stimulus
D Information from sensory receptorsreaches the cerebral cortex and the person becomes aware of it
E A depolarization of receptive membrane that increase in magnitude as the stimulus intensity increases
Question #3
A 1,4,7,8,3,2,6,5,9,10
B 1,3,2,5,7,6,8,4,9,10
C 1,4,8,7,3,2,5,6,9,10
D 1,3,2,6,5,9,10,4,8,7
Question #4
A Vision
B Sound
C pain
D Pressure
E Proprioception
F Cold and warmth
Question #5
A The concentration of sodium ion is greater inside the cell than outside.
B The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to potassium ions.
C The plasma membrane is most permeable to sodium ions.
D The permeability of the plasma membrane to potassium ions is much greater than its permeability to sodium ions.
E The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to sodium ions.
Question #6
A is a direct result of the opening of ligand-gated channels permeable to both Na + and K + ions in the pre-synaptic cell
B is a direct result of the opening of voltage-gated channels permeable to Na + ions in the post-synaptic cell
C occurs when voltage-gated Cl- channels open in a postsynaptic cell membrane.
D stabilizes the membrane to remain at its resting potential.
E opens voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in the presynaptic membrane.
Question #7
A contains ligand-gated channels
B contains voltage-gated channels.
C is found in the soma of the neuron
D is located in the axon hillock.
E is where action potentials are first generated.
Question #8
A serotonin
B histamine
C acetylcholine
D norepinephrine
Question #9
A dopamine
B serotonin
C acetylcholine
D histamine
Question #10
A acetylcholine
B histamine
C norepinephrine
D serotonin
Question #11
A histamine
B acetylcholine
C norepinephrine
D dopamine
Question #12
A dopamine
B acetylcholine
C norepinephrine
D serotonin
Question #13
A occipital lobes of the cerebral cortex
B limbic system
C somatosensory cortex
D temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex
E frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex
Question #14
A It is not altered by changing concentration gradients of permeating ions.
B It requires ions to be distributed unevenly across the plasma membrane of a cell.
C It has the same value in all cells.
D in neurons, it is created mainly by potassium ion leakage
E Only nerve and muscle cells have a potential difference across the membrane at rest.
F It is oriented so that the cell’s interior is negative with respect to the extracellular fluid.
Question #15
A Near vision (e.g., reading a book)
B Both near and distance vision are compromised
C Both near and distance vision are fine, but changing back and forth between them becomes difficult
D Distance vision (e.g., reading a street sign)
E No light will enter the eye and blindness will result
Question #16
A photoreceptor
B parasympatic
C nociceptor
D parasympathetic
Question #17
A
B language ability
C voluntary initiation of movement.
D control of breathing, circulation, and digestion.
E personality traits.
F final sensory perception
Question #18
A Pineal gland
B Pituitary gland
C Hypothalamus
D Mitochondria
Question #19
A Refraction
B Retraction
C Reflection
D Deflection
Question #20
A Terminal ganglia are the final common pathway for the autonomic nervous system.
B Long parasympathetic preganglionic fibers end at the terminal ganglia, which lie in or near the effector organ.
C Terminal ganglia lie in a chain located along either side of the spinal cord.
D the otic ganglia are found near the parotid gland
E The terminal ganglia contain muscarinic receptors.
F Terminal ganglia give rise to sympathetic neurons
Question #21
A bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
B are found primarily in the heart.
C bind with norepinephrine released from sympathetic postganglionic fibers.
D bind acetylcholine released from parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
E bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic fibers.
Question #22
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #23
A cataract.
B hyperopia.
C presbyopia.
D glaucoma.
E myopia.
Question #24
A carry impulses from the CNS to the periphery.
B relay messages from the brain down to the spinal cord to efferent neurons.
C carry impulses from the periphery to the CNS.
D are part of the peripheral nervous system.
E transmit signals derived from afferent receptors up the spinal cord to the brain.
Question #25
A Primary Visual cortex
B Occipital lobe association area
C Somatosensory cortex
D Primary Auditory cortex
E Parietal lobe association area
Question #26
A 2, 1, 5, 4, 3
B 5, 4, 3, 1, 2
C 3, 1, 4, 5, 2
D 1, 4, 3, 2, 5
E 1, 2, 3, 5, 4
Question #27
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #28
A photoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C mechanoreceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #29
A is found in the soma of the neuron
B contains ligand-gated channels
C is where action potentials are first generated.
D contains voltage-gated channels.
E is located in the axon hillock.
Question #30
A flatteningof the lens.
B contraction of the ciliary muscles.
C increased rounding of the cornea.
D dilation of the pupil.
E activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
Question #31
A is a relay station for sensory input on its way to the cerebral cortex.
B functions as the body’s thermostat
C inhibits muscle tone throughout the body.
D plays a role in emotional and behavioral patterns.
E secretes hormones
F controls thirst, urine output, and food intake.
Question #32
A both sensations are grouped together in the somatosensory cortex.
B both pens are activating the same receptor.
C the receptors in both skin areas utilize the same afferent neuron.
D both afferent neurons converge on the same interneuron.
Question #33
A Mechanoreceptors
B Proprioceptors
C Chemoreceptors
D Nociceptors
E Photoreceptors
Question #34
A are replaced by cells known as basal cells.
B when stimulated send impulses both to the limbic system and to the cortex for perception of smell.
C are specialized endings of afferent neurons called chemoreceptors
D bind chemicals called odorants
Question #35
A photoreceptor
B chemoreceptor
C thermoreceptor
D nociceptor
Question #36
A nociceptor
B mechanoreceptor
C thermoreceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #37
A chemoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D nociceptor
Question #38
A photoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C mechanoreceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #39
A nociceptor
B thermoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #40
A thermoreceptor
B photoreceptor
C nociceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #41
A They can transmit information between afferent neurons and efferent neurons.
B They deliver synaptic input on other neurons.
C They sum excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs.
D They receive synaptic input from other neurons in the CNS.
E They make synapses on effector organs in the PNS.
Question #42
A produce the CSF
B are part of the blood-brain barrier.
C produce myelin
D are important in the repair of brain injuries and in neural scar formation.
E can take up excess neurotransmitters
F physically support neurons.
Question #43
A They are action potentials.
B They generally occur at the axon hillock of afferent neurons.
C They always trigger action potentials.
D They propagate without decrement.
E They can be graded and vary with stimulus strength.
Question #44
A trigger an excitatory postsynaptic potential.
B trigger an action potential.
C be conducted to the axon hillock.
D depolarize a dendrite.
E cause a change in membrane potential.
Question #45
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #46
A activation of her parasympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
B activation of her parasympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
C activation of her sympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
D activation of her sympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
E she suddenly develops presbyopia.
Question #47
A They integrate multiple types of sensory information and are responsible for complex processing of sensory information.
B They are found deep in the cerebrum, surrounding the thalamus.
C They are the cortical locations where primary sensory information first arrives from specific ascending pathways.
D They are all found in the parietal lobe of the cerebral cortex.
E Their main input is sensory information arriving along neurons that project directly from the thalamus.
Question #48
A is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons
B occurs in unmyelinated nerve fibers.
C always results in muscle contraction
D is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by upper motor neurons arising from the motor cortex
E is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons and upper motor neurons arising from the cerebellum
Question #49
A Na+/K+ pumps.
B K+ leak channels.
C Na+ voltage-gated channels.
D Na+ leak channels
Question #50
A The chromophore retinal undergoes a change of shape.
B The photoreceptor cell membranebecomes depolarized.
C The photoreceptor cells are stimulated and fireaction potentials.
D The concentration of cyclic GMP inside cells increases.
E There is an increase in neurotransmitter release from photoreceptor cells.
Question #51
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #52
A the hairs of the receptor cells of the Organ of Corti to be bent
B movement of the tectorial membrane relative to the vestibular
C displacement of the round window, which dissipates pressure in the cochlea.
D increased fluid pressure against the cochlear duct by the fluid of the scala vestibuli
E movement of the basilar membrane relative to the tectorial.
Question #53
A substantia nigra
B caudate nucleus
C globus pallidus
D putamen
E mammilary body
F cingulate gyrus
Question #54
A 1,3,2,6,5,9,10,4,8,7
B 1,3,2,5,7,6,8,4,9,10
C 1,4,8,7,3,2,5,6,9,10
D 1,4,7,8,3,2,6,5,9,10
Question #55
A spinocerebellar tract
B the posterior column
C anterior spinothalmic tract
D lateral corticospinal tract
E medial leminscus tract
Question #56
A lens
B cornea
C ciliary muscle
D retina
E iris
Question #57
A The exocytosis of neurotransmitter
B The repolarization phase of the action potential
C The depolarization phase of the action potential
D All of these will not occur
E The graded potential
Question #58
A Myopia is a condition in which the lens focuses light from distant objects behind the retina.
B Cataract is an increase in opacity (clouding) of the lens.
C The image of an object that is focused on the retina is upside down relative to the object’s actual position in space.
D Presbyopia is a condition in which the lens cannot accommodate adequately for near vision.
E The cornea refracts light rays more strongly than the lens.
Question #59
A the ventral root contains axons of afferent, sensory neurons
B spinal nerves are for the conduction of motor information only
C the dorsal root conducts motor information
D afferent, sensory neurons are unipolar neurons with cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglion
Question #60
A they are also known as somatic motor neurons
B they exit from the anterior gray horn
C their activity is influenced by upper motor neurons
D they secrete dopamine
E they are part of the final common pathway
F they can excite or inhibit skeletal muscles
Question #61
A It generates a small electrical potential such that the inside of a neuron is made negative with respect to the outside.
B It maintains a concentration gradient for K + such that diffusion forces favor movement of K + into the cell.
C It pumps 3 Na + ions into the cell for every 2 K + ions it pumps out.
D It transports equal numbers of sodium and potassium ions with each pump cycle.
E It maintains an electrical gradient at the equilibrium potential of K +.
Question #62
A Brown, Gray
B Black, White
C White, Gray
D Gray, White