Exam 1

A  By checking whether the authors are well qualified

B  By checking whether the information was peer-reviewed

C  All of the other answer options are ways to check whether a source is reliable

D  By checking whether the source of information is primary

A  There is no difference between primary and secondary sources.

B  A primary source is the original material published by the scientists, whereas a secondary source is a description of the original material.

C  A primary source is the raw data before scientists publish, whereas a secondary source is a description of the original material.

D  A primary source is the original material published by the scientists, whereas a secondary source is the raw data before scientists publish.

A  This study was not evaluated by other scientists.

B  This study was published in a newspaper.

C  This study was evaluated by qualified and impartial experts before being published.

D  This study can now be viewed on the Internet.

A  Make two batches of cookies, both with bleached flour; one taster tries both types and ranks which type they like best.

B  Make two batches of cookies, one with bleached flour and one with unbleached flour; one taster tries both types and ranks which type they like best.

C  Make two batches of cookies, one with bleached flour and one with unbleached flour; twenty tasters try both types without knowing which ones they are eating and rank which type they like best.

D  Make two batches of cookies, one with bleached flour and one with unbleached flour; twenty tasters try both types and rank which type they like best.

A  Neither the test group nor the researchers know whether the test group is receiving a placebo or the actual treatment until all the data are collected.

B  The test group does not know whether they are receiving a placebo or the actual treatment, but the researchers do.

C  The test group knows whether they are receiving a placebo or the actual treatment, but the researchers do not know until all the data are collected.

D  The test group knows whether they are receiving a placebo or the actual treatment, and so do the researchers.

A  The placebo

B  The dependent variable

C  The controlled experiment

D  The hypothesis

A  The plant size at the end of the growing season

B  The tomato yield at the end of the growing season

C  The temperature

D  The fertilizer amount

A  The plant size at the end of the growing season

B  The fertilizer amount

C  The tomato yield at the end of the growing season

D  The temperature

A  testable

B  All of the other answer options are important characteristics of hypotheses.

C  repeatable

D  falsifiable

A  A proposed explanation for an observed phenomenon

B  A hypothesis that has been supported by the evidence of one experiment

C  A guess

D  A hypothesis that has been supported by a large number of experiments

A  The relationship between structure and function

B  The transformation of energy and matter

C  The theory of evolution by natural selection

D  The flow of information from DNA to proteins

A  is a rough recipe for answering questions, but the steps need not always need to be performed in the same order

B  is undertaken only by trained scientists in a controlled laboratory setting

C  is a linear process that must be precisely followed at all times

D  is the means by which absolute truth can be uncovered

A  Making an observation

B  Making a prediction

C  Carrying out an experiment

D  Developing a hypothesis

A  Skin consists of a single cell type.

B  Skin consists of multiple tissue types that cooperate to perform a specific task.

C  Skin consists of multiple cell types functioning as a single integrated unit.

D  Skin is a vital component of multiple organ systems.

A  population

B  species

C  ecosystem

D  community

A  Ecosystem → Community → Population → Organ → Tissue → Cell → Molecule → Atom

B  Ecosystem → Population → Community → Organ system → Organ → Cell → Molecule → Atom

C  Community → Ecosystem → Population → Tissue → Organ → Cell → Organelle → Atom

D  Biosphere → Community → Population → Tissue → Organ → Cell → Atom → Molecule

A  No, it does not possess any of the requirements for life.

B  Yes, it possesses enough of the requirements for life to be considered living.

C  No, it does not possess all of the requirements for life.

D  Yes, it possesses all of the requirements for life.

A  A cell

B  A molecule

C  An organism

D  An atom

A  in the cytoplasm

B  in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum

C  in the rough endoplasmic reticulum

D  in the Golgi apparatus

A  DNA is not linked to the production of proteins.

B  DNA holds the instructions for the cells on how to make proteins.

C  DNA is the end point of protein production that allows cells to finish making proteins.

D  Proteins hold the instructions on how to make DNA.

A  Nucleus

B  Chloroplasts

C  Lysosome

D  Mitochondria

A  vesicle

B  flagellum

C  pilus

D  cilium

A  A carbohydrate

B  An energy molecule

C  A protein

D  An information storage molecule

A  Ribosome, Golgi apparatus

B  Nucleus, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus

C  Golgi apparatus, ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum

D  Nucleus, Golgi apparatus, ribosome

A  Translocation

B  Transcription

C  Translation

D  Replication

A  Transcription and translation both occur in the nucleus.

B  Transcription and translation both occur in the cytoplasm.

C  Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm, and translation occurs in the nucleus.

D  Transcription occurs in the nucleus, and translation occurs in the cytoplasm.

A  Chromosomes are strands of RNA, loosely wrapped up, that are located everywhere in the cell.

B  Chromosomes are strands of DNA, tightly wrapped up, that are located everywhere in the cell.

C  Chromosomes are strands of DNA, tightly wrapped up, that are located in the nucleus.

D  Chromosomes are strands of RNA, tightly wrapped up, that are in the cytoplasm.

A  A substance goes from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration, and this requires energy.

B  A substance goes from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, and this requires energy.

C  A substance goes from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration, and this releases energy.

D  A substance goes from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, and this releases energy.

A  hydrosmosis

B  facilitated diffusion

C  simple diffusion

D  osmosis

A  The plasma membrane

B  The nucleus

C  The cell wall

D  The chloroplast

A  Chloroplast

B  Mitochondria

C  Vacuole

D  Cell wall

A  It is moving.

B  It has a nucleus.

C  It has DNA.

D  It has ribosomes.

A  Prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells evolved at about the same time.

B  Prokaryotic cells evolved a lot earlier (over a billion years) than eukaryotic cells.

C  Eukaryotic cells evolved a lot earlier (over a billion years) than prokaryotic cells.

D  Scientists do not have any evidence regarding whether prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells evolved first.

A  Plasma membrane

B  Ribosomes

C  Cell wall

D  Plasmids

A  Protein bond

B  Hydrogen bond

C  Polar bond

D  Peptide bond

A  protein

B  carbohydrate

C  lipid

D  monomer

A  The reaction will proceed more slowly.

B  The reaction will proceed more quickly.

C  The reaction will reverse.

D  The reaction will stop completely.

A  The amino acid chain folds incorrectly.

B  The protein can no longer function properly.

C  All of the other answer options might happen

D  The protein has a new shape.

A  Trans fat

B  Cholesterol

C  Unsaturated fat

D  Saturated fat

A  True, because high levels of cholesterol lead to increased heart disease.

B  False, because cholesterol levels are not related to human health.

C  True, because high levels of cholesterol lead to obesity.

D  False, because some types cholesterol increase heart disease, but other types are necessary, especially in the plasma membrane.

A  hydrosynthetic reactions

B  osmotic reactions

C  dehydration synthesis reactions

D  hydrolysis reactions

A  Carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and sugars

B  Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and enzymes

C  Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids

D  Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and sugars

A  acidic

B  neutral

C  alkaline

D  basic

A  Water is a heavy substance, and as such can disrupt pre-existing bonds.

B  Water is very dense in its liquid state, which allows it to bind to different substances as a solvent.

C  Water is highly cohesive and adhesive, which allows it to bind to different substances as a solvent.

D  Water has a polar nature, and as such its polar molecules will bind to substances that have positive or negative charges.

A  covalent

B  nonpolar

C  ionic

D  hydrogen

A  8 neutrons and 6 electrons

B  6 neutrons and 8 electrons

C  7 neutrons and 7 electrons

D  6 neutrons and 6 electrons

A  ion state

B  chemical element

C  isotope

D  chemical properties

A  Calcium

B  Carbon

C  Oxygen

D  Nitrogen

A  The products of a chemical reaction always have the same mass as the reactants.

B  During a chemical reaction, atoms of one element can be converted into a different element.

C  During a chemical reaction, molecules are rearranged.

D  There are chemical reactions close to you right now.

A  C10H8 and 10 CO2

B  12 O2 and 4 H2O

C  C10H8 and 12 O2

D  10 CO2 and 4 H2O