Lecture Exam 4

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Question #1

Which of the following is not a function of the nurse cells?

A They secrete testosterone.

B They protect and support the germ cells.

C They secrete androgen-binding protein.

D Their tight junctions form the blood-testis barrier.

E They secrete inhibin.

Question #2

Sexual reproduction entails the union of two gonads to form a zygote

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #3

The ________ muscle is located in the urinary bladder.

A detrusor

B corpus spongiosum

C distractor

D corpus cavernosum

E pubococcygeus

Question #4

Where are follicles located?

A Epithelium of the endometrium

B Medulla of the ovary

C Center of the ovum

D Epithelium of the placenta

E Cortex of the ovary

Question #5

Aldosterone acts on the ________.

A descending limb of the nephron loop

B glomerulus

C distal convoluted tubule

D medullary portion of the collecting duct

E proximal convoluted tubule

Question #6

Oxytocin stimulates contraction of myoepithelial cell of the mammary acini.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #7

Men have only one ________.

A seminal vesicle

B corpus cavernosum

C prostate

D bulbourethral gland

E ejaculatory duct

Question #8

Hypocalcemia stimulates ________.

A an increase in blood urea nitrogen

B secretion of parathyroid hormone

C a decrease in aldosterone production

D secretion of renin

E vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles

Question #9

The penis is homologous to the ________.

A vagina

B urethra

C clitoris

D mons pubis

E labia minora

Question #10

The acrosome contains enzymes used to ________.

A dissolve the mucosa of the uterus

B dissolve the mucosa of the vagina

C dissolve the stickiness of the semen

D penetrate barriers surrounding the ovum

E penetrate the vagina

Question #11

The innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as the ________.

A renal fascia

B perirenal fat capsule

C hilum

D renal medulla

E fibrous capsule

Question #12

The countercurrent heat exchanger that prevents arterial blood from overheating the testes is the ________.

A pampiniform plexus of veins

B epididymis

C scrotal portal system

D blood-testis barrier

E rete testis

Question #13

Males produce sperm and females produce eggs.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #14

Which of the following is the correct pathway of sperm cells from their formation to ejaculation?

A Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, urethra, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens

B Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra, ductus deferens

C Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

D Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens, urethra

E Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

Question #15

________ stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to secrete ________.

A Luteinizing hormone (LH); testosterone

B Luteinizing hormone (LH); estrogen

C Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

D Luteinizing hormone (LH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

E Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); LH

Question #16

Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

A Increased urine salinity

B Decreased urine molarity

C Increased urine volume

D Decreased urine volume

E Increased urine acidity

Question #17

The transition from an afferent arteriole to an efferent arteriole occurs in the ________.

A medulla

B vasa recta

C glomerulus

D cortical radiate veins

E peritubular capillaries

Question #18

At early puberty, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulate enlargement of the testes.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #19

Blood plasma is filtered in the ________.

A renal tubule

B renal corpuscle

C renal column

D renal capsule

E renal calyx

Question #20

Which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?

A The ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

B The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.

C The right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left kidney.

D The urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females.

E The kidneys are retroperitoneal.

Question #21

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

A Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole

B A drop in oncotic pressure

C Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole

D Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole

E An increase in osmotic pressure in the glomerular capsule

Question #22

The ________ is the small, bilateral organ found lateral to the membranous urethra.

A ejaculatory duct

B prostate

C urethra

D bulbourethral gland

E seminal vesicle

Question #23

Which of the following is generally accepted as a secondary sex characteristic?

A The enlargement of the breasts

B The presence of testes

C The uterus

D The vagina

E The prostate

Question #24

In meiosis, each parent cell produces ________.

A four haploid (n) cells

B two haploid (n) cells

C two diploid (2n) cells

D haploid (n) cells that are identical to the parent cell

E four diploid (2n) cells

Question #25

Why would an enlarged prostate interfere with urination?

A It compresses the urethra.

B It inhibits urine production.

C It develops calcified deposits that block the urethra.

D It produces thicker prostatic secretions that block the urethra.

E It inhibits the micturition reflex.

Question #26

What hormone(s) inhibit(s) the secretion of FSH and LH during the female sexual cycle?

A GnRH

B Estradiol and progesterone

C Estradiol

D Progesterone

E Androgens

Question #27

When it is cold, the ________ contracts and draws the testes closer to the body to keep them warm.

A cremaster

B corpus cavernosum

C pampiniform plexus

D corpus spongiosum

E perineum

Question #28

In which structure does fertilization usually occur?

A Ovary

B Uterus

C Urethra

D Uterine tube

E Urinary bladder

Question #29

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here, the ________ of one’s nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one’s daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

A collecting ducts

B distal convoluted tubules

C proximal convoluted tubules

D glomeruli

E loops of Henle

Question #30

After puberty, which epithelium lines the vagina?

A Stratified squamous epithelium

B Simple squamous epithelium

C Transitional epithelium

D Simple columnar epithelium

E Simple cuboidal epithelium

Question #31

The ________ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production, while the function of its ________ innervation is unknown.

A enteric; somatic

B peripheral; central

C parasympathetic; sympathetic

D sympathetic; parasympathetic

E central; peripheral

Question #32

Which of the following is inhibited by testosterone?

A Development of secondary sex organs

B Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion

C Development of secondary sex characteristics

D Sperm production

E Libido

Question #33

In ovulation, after expelling the oocyte the follicle becomes a ________ and secretes ________.

A corpus albicans; FSH and LH

B corpus albicans; progesterone

C corpus luteum; estrogen and progesterone

D corpus luteum; FSH and LH

E corpus albicans; estrogen and progesterone

Question #34

The ________ is not an organ of the urinary system.

A ureter

B urethra

C liver

D kidney

E urinary bladder

Question #35

Which of the following is true regarding the blood-testis barrier?

A It prevents blood from getting to the testes.

B It maintains testis temperature at 37°C.

C It maintains testis temperature at 35°C.

D It prevents antibodies in the blood from getting to the germ cells.

E It prevents heat loss from the testes.

Question #36

The ________ is the site of sperm maturation and storage.

A rete testis

B seminiferous tubules

C spermatic cord

D ductus (vas) deferens

E epididymis

Question #37

Assuming all other values are normal, calculate the net filtration pressure in a patient with a drop in capsular hydrostatic pressure to 8 mmHg.

A 20 mm Hg out

B 50 mm Hg out

C 10 mm Hg out

D 30 mm Hg out

E 40 mm Hg out

Question #38

In life threatening starvation, the kidneys synthesize glucose by ________.

A secreting erythropoietin

B producing uric acid

C secreting renin

D deaminating amino acids

E contributing to calcium homeostasis

Question #39

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

A They regulate osmolarity of the body fluids.

B They release waste into the bloodstream.

C They indirectly increase oxyhemoglobin.

D They fight osteoporosis by synthesizing vitamin D.

E They help control blood pressure.

Question #40

The deep region of the penis, surrounding the urethra, that engorges with blood during an erection is known as the ________.

A epididymis

B corpus spongiosum

C corpus cavernosum

D ductus (vas) deferens

E scrotum

Question #41

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal artery into the renal cortex?

A Segmental a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a. → interlobular a.

B Segmental a. → interlobar a. →arcuate a. → interlobular a.

C Interlobar a. → interlobular a. → segmental a. → arcuate a.

D Afferent arteriole → interlobular a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a.

E Arcuate a. → interlobar a. → afferent arteriole → interlobular a.

Question #42

A single lobe of a kidney is comprised of ________.

A a renal medulla and two renal columns

B one pyramid and the overlying cortex

C one collecting duct and all nephrons that drain into it

D one major calyx and all of its minor calyces

E two calyces and a renal pelvis

Question #43

Which uterine layer is composed of a simple columnar epithelium containing tubular glands?

A Cervix

B Perimetrium

C Endometrium

D Myometrium

E Fimbrium

Question #44

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen, which is released from the ________, to form angiotensin I.

A lungs

B heart

C kidneys

D spleen

E liver

Question #45

When does oogenesis begin?

A During thelarche

B During embryonic development

C During menarche

D At birth

E During pubarche

Question #46

Sperm travels to the ampulla of the ductus deferens before reaching the spermatic cord.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #47

The mechanism of stabilizing the GFR based on the tendency of smooth muscle to contract when stretched is known as ________.

A sympathetic control

B the myogenic mechanism

C tubuloglomerular feedback

D renal autoregulation

E the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism

Question #48

What do lutein cells develop from?

A The corpus albicans

B The corona radiata

C The granulosa cells

D The corpus luteum

E The theca interna

Question #49

The urine is most likely to be hypotonic when the ________.

A output of natriuretic peptides is high

B output of antidiuretic hormone is high

C person is lost and deprived of drinking water

D body’s water volume is high

E body’s pH is low

Question #50

The ________ is not a portion of the urethra.

A internal urethral sphincter

B prostatic urethra

C spongy urethra

D external urethral orifice

E membranous urethra

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