Lecture Exam 4

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Question #1

Which of the following is not a function of the nurse cells?

A They protect and support the germ cells.

B Their tight junctions form the blood-testis barrier.

C They secrete inhibin.

D They secrete androgen-binding protein.

E They secrete testosterone.

Question #2

Sexual reproduction entails the union of two gonads to form a zygote

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #3

The ________ muscle is located in the urinary bladder.

A distractor

B corpus cavernosum

C detrusor

D corpus spongiosum

E pubococcygeus

Question #4

Where are follicles located?

A Epithelium of the placenta

B Medulla of the ovary

C Cortex of the ovary

D Epithelium of the endometrium

E Center of the ovum

Question #5

Aldosterone acts on the ________.

A descending limb of the nephron loop

B proximal convoluted tubule

C distal convoluted tubule

D glomerulus

E medullary portion of the collecting duct

Question #6

Oxytocin stimulates contraction of myoepithelial cell of the mammary acini.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #7

Men have only one ________.

A ejaculatory duct

B bulbourethral gland

C prostate

D corpus cavernosum

E seminal vesicle

Question #8

Hypocalcemia stimulates ________.

A secretion of renin

B vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles

C a decrease in aldosterone production

D an increase in blood urea nitrogen

E secretion of parathyroid hormone

Question #9

The penis is homologous to the ________.

A urethra

B mons pubis

C clitoris

D labia minora

E vagina

Question #10

The acrosome contains enzymes used to ________.

A dissolve the stickiness of the semen

B penetrate the vagina

C penetrate barriers surrounding the ovum

D dissolve the mucosa of the uterus

E dissolve the mucosa of the vagina

Question #11

The innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as the ________.

A perirenal fat capsule

B renal fascia

C fibrous capsule

D renal medulla

E hilum

Question #12

The countercurrent heat exchanger that prevents arterial blood from overheating the testes is the ________.

A rete testis

B epididymis

C pampiniform plexus of veins

D scrotal portal system

E blood-testis barrier

Question #13

Males produce sperm and females produce eggs.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #14

Which of the following is the correct pathway of sperm cells from their formation to ejaculation?

A Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens, urethra

B Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra, ductus deferens

C Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

D Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, urethra, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens

E Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

Question #15

________ stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to secrete ________.

A Luteinizing hormone (LH); estrogen

B Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

C Luteinizing hormone (LH); testosterone

D Luteinizing hormone (LH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

E Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); LH

Question #16

Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

A Increased urine acidity

B Decreased urine volume

C Increased urine volume

D Decreased urine molarity

E Increased urine salinity

Question #17

The transition from an afferent arteriole to an efferent arteriole occurs in the ________.

A peritubular capillaries

B glomerulus

C cortical radiate veins

D vasa recta

E medulla

Question #18

At early puberty, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulate enlargement of the testes.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #19

Blood plasma is filtered in the ________.

A renal corpuscle

B renal capsule

C renal column

D renal tubule

E renal calyx

Question #20

Which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?

A The right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left kidney.

B The urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females.

C The kidneys are retroperitoneal.

D The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.

E The ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

Question #21

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

A Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole

B Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole

C A drop in oncotic pressure

D An increase in osmotic pressure in the glomerular capsule

E Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole

Question #22

The ________ is the small, bilateral organ found lateral to the membranous urethra.

A urethra

B ejaculatory duct

C seminal vesicle

D bulbourethral gland

E prostate

Question #23

Which of the following is generally accepted as a secondary sex characteristic?

A The enlargement of the breasts

B The uterus

C The presence of testes

D The prostate

E The vagina

Question #24

In meiosis, each parent cell produces ________.

A four haploid (n) cells

B two haploid (n) cells

C four diploid (2n) cells

D two diploid (2n) cells

E haploid (n) cells that are identical to the parent cell

Question #25

Why would an enlarged prostate interfere with urination?

A It compresses the urethra.

B It produces thicker prostatic secretions that block the urethra.

C It inhibits the micturition reflex.

D It develops calcified deposits that block the urethra.

E It inhibits urine production.

Question #26

What hormone(s) inhibit(s) the secretion of FSH and LH during the female sexual cycle?

A Estradiol

B Androgens

C Estradiol and progesterone

D GnRH

E Progesterone

Question #27

When it is cold, the ________ contracts and draws the testes closer to the body to keep them warm.

A corpus cavernosum

B pampiniform plexus

C corpus spongiosum

D perineum

E cremaster

Question #28

In which structure does fertilization usually occur?

A Urethra

B Uterus

C Urinary bladder

D Uterine tube

E Ovary

Question #29

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here, the ________ of one’s nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one’s daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

A proximal convoluted tubules

B collecting ducts

C glomeruli

D loops of Henle

E distal convoluted tubules

Question #30

After puberty, which epithelium lines the vagina?

A Transitional epithelium

B Stratified squamous epithelium

C Simple squamous epithelium

D Simple columnar epithelium

E Simple cuboidal epithelium

Question #31

The ________ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production, while the function of its ________ innervation is unknown.

A central; peripheral

B sympathetic; parasympathetic

C parasympathetic; sympathetic

D enteric; somatic

E peripheral; central

Question #32

Which of the following is inhibited by testosterone?

A Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion

B Development of secondary sex characteristics

C Sperm production

D Development of secondary sex organs

E Libido

Question #33

In ovulation, after expelling the oocyte the follicle becomes a ________ and secretes ________.

A corpus albicans; FSH and LH

B corpus luteum; FSH and LH

C corpus albicans; estrogen and progesterone

D corpus albicans; progesterone

E corpus luteum; estrogen and progesterone

Question #34

The ________ is not an organ of the urinary system.

A liver

B urethra

C urinary bladder

D ureter

E kidney

Question #35

Which of the following is true regarding the blood-testis barrier?

A It maintains testis temperature at 37°C.

B It prevents blood from getting to the testes.

C It prevents heat loss from the testes.

D It maintains testis temperature at 35°C.

E It prevents antibodies in the blood from getting to the germ cells.

Question #36

The ________ is the site of sperm maturation and storage.

A epididymis

B ductus (vas) deferens

C seminiferous tubules

D spermatic cord

E rete testis

Question #37

Assuming all other values are normal, calculate the net filtration pressure in a patient with a drop in capsular hydrostatic pressure to 8 mmHg.

A 30 mm Hg out

B 10 mm Hg out

C 40 mm Hg out

D 50 mm Hg out

E 20 mm Hg out

Question #38

In life threatening starvation, the kidneys synthesize glucose by ________.

A secreting erythropoietin

B producing uric acid

C secreting renin

D contributing to calcium homeostasis

E deaminating amino acids

Question #39

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

A They indirectly increase oxyhemoglobin.

B They release waste into the bloodstream.

C They fight osteoporosis by synthesizing vitamin D.

D They help control blood pressure.

E They regulate osmolarity of the body fluids.

Question #40

The deep region of the penis, surrounding the urethra, that engorges with blood during an erection is known as the ________.

A corpus spongiosum

B ductus (vas) deferens

C epididymis

D corpus cavernosum

E scrotum

Question #41

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal artery into the renal cortex?

A Segmental a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a. → interlobular a.

B Arcuate a. → interlobar a. → afferent arteriole → interlobular a.

C Interlobar a. → interlobular a. → segmental a. → arcuate a.

D Segmental a. → interlobar a. →arcuate a. → interlobular a.

E Afferent arteriole → interlobular a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a.

Question #42

A single lobe of a kidney is comprised of ________.

A a renal medulla and two renal columns

B one pyramid and the overlying cortex

C two calyces and a renal pelvis

D one collecting duct and all nephrons that drain into it

E one major calyx and all of its minor calyces

Question #43

Which uterine layer is composed of a simple columnar epithelium containing tubular glands?

A Fimbrium

B Perimetrium

C Cervix

D Myometrium

E Endometrium

Question #44

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen, which is released from the ________, to form angiotensin I.

A liver

B spleen

C lungs

D heart

E kidneys

Question #45

When does oogenesis begin?

A During menarche

B During embryonic development

C At birth

D During pubarche

E During thelarche

Question #46

Sperm travels to the ampulla of the ductus deferens before reaching the spermatic cord.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #47

The mechanism of stabilizing the GFR based on the tendency of smooth muscle to contract when stretched is known as ________.

A the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism

B the myogenic mechanism

C sympathetic control

D tubuloglomerular feedback

E renal autoregulation

Question #48

What do lutein cells develop from?

A The corpus luteum

B The corona radiata

C The theca interna

D The corpus albicans

E The granulosa cells

Question #49

The urine is most likely to be hypotonic when the ________.

A person is lost and deprived of drinking water

B output of natriuretic peptides is high

C body’s pH is low

D output of antidiuretic hormone is high

E body’s water volume is high

Question #50

The ________ is not a portion of the urethra.

A external urethral orifice

B spongy urethra

C prostatic urethra

D membranous urethra

E internal urethral sphincter

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