Exam 1

A  genetic bottleneck

B  sexual selection

C  hardy effect

D  reproductive variance

A  only specific genes for specific proteins are activated in specific cell types.

B  each cell type has its own unique DNA that is different from all other cells.

C  they are mentally manipulated by an organism to achieve specific characteristics.

A  punnett square

B  pedigree chart

C  heritable chart

D  none of the above

A  archaeological, geological, geographical, and biological.

B  cultural, linguistic, geological, and physical.

C  physics, biological, cultural, and linguistic.

D  biological, archaeological, cultural, and linguistic.

A  mutation.

B  the founder effect.

C  stabilizing selection.

D  gene flow.

A  phenotype

B  genotype

C  allele frequency

D  recessive allele

A  gene flow

B  recombination

C  natrual selection

D  genetic drift

A  gene flow.

B  a population bottleneck.

C  founder effect.

D  genetic drift.

A  Genetic drift

B  Natural selection

C  Gene flow

D  Sexual selection

A  cytoplasmic

B  protein synthesis

C  cell replication

D  energy production

A  speciation

B  macroevolution

C  species split

D  microevolution

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  a population bottleneck

B  natural selection

C  a spontaneous population shift

D  extinction

A  mutants

B  adapted organisms

C  species

D  evolved organisms

A  extra chromosomes

B  a full complement of chromosomes

A  They Don’t effect variation

B  they decrease variation

C  they increase variation

D  They both increases and decreases variation

A  a process that occurs only over extremely long periods of time.

B  the appearance of a new species.

C  changes in the DNA of an individual over his or her lifetime.

D  a change in allele frequencies in a breeding population over time.

A  Amino acids, and hydrogen bonds

B  Deoxyribose, phosphate and nitrogenous bases

C  Chromosome s and nuclein

A  pyrimids

B  humans from a biological perspective

C  dinosaurs

D  humans from a cultural perspective only.

A  admixture.

B  gene migration.

C  genetic drift.

D  gene flow.

A  Replication and DNA construction

B  Replication and polymerase immersion

C  Translation and transcription

D  Replication and protein synthesis

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Both alleles have an equal probability of being passed down to the offspring.

B  The recessive allele is more likely to be passed down.

C  The dominant allele is more likely to be passed down.

D  When both alleles are present none of them will be passed down to the next generation

A  None of the other responses are satisfactory answers.

B  No since different genes will exert varying degrees of influence on the trait

C  No since all traits are only controlled by one gene with two alleles.

D  Yes since all genes having to do with a trait always have the exact same influence on a trait.

A  organisms transform and pass these transformations on to their offspring

B  all species are fixed

C  within a population, some variations are favored by environmental conditions and others are not

D  none of the answers are satisfactory

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  determined by one gene

B  determined by more than one gene

C  determined by one gene with multiple alleles

A  would inherit characteristics that were acquired during their parents’ lifetimes.

B  would be composed of an even blend of their parents’ characteristics.

C  did not inherit characteristics from their parents but acquired them through interaction with their environment.

D  changed genetically from their parents through the accumulation of random genetic mutations.

A  diploid and haploid numbers

B  chromosome number

C  nucleotide sequences

D  epigenes

A  phenotypic

B  structural

C  dominant

D  recessive

A  function only in fruit flies.

B  appear to function in similar ways across diverse groups of organisms.

C  control which amino acids get plugged into polypeptide chains.

D  control the development of language in humans.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  controlled by multiple genes

B  controlled by a single gene

C  greatly manipulated by social factors

D  mentally manipulated

A  A hypothesis explains observations and cannot be refuted by new evidence.

B  A theory is an explanation based upon controversial facts.

C  A theory has been less thoroughly tested than a hypothesis.

D  A theory is an explanation that has been carefully examined and tested.

A  have their own unique phenotypes and are geographically isolated from one another, but if they do happen to encounter one another, they are still capable of interbreeding although their offspring are infertile.

B  may share the same geographic area but are so phenotypically different that they never attempt to reproduce.

C  have their own unique phenotypes and are geographically isolated from one another, but are capable of successful interbreeding.

D  are geographically isolated from one another, look alike, but are not capable of successful interbreeding.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  created new species.

B  merely increased variation within populations.

C  were rare and unlikely to occur.

D  resulted in new phenotype characteristics.

A  can never be expressed in the phenotype.

B  is expressed in the phenotype alongside a dominant allele.

C  can always be determined from the phenotype.

D  can be masked in the phenotype.

A  DNA was the molecule carrying the genetic code.

B  peas were a poor choice for understanding basic hereditary principles.

C  traits are passed on from parent to offspring as discrete units.

D  traits inherited from each parent blended together in the offspring.

A  Being the same makes everybody stronger since they are pure blooded and as a result are more likely to survive.

B  Diseases typically attack individuals and not populations.

C  Natural selection does not deal with diseases and as a result this scenario is not possible.

D  A disease that kills one individual is likely to kill everybody else.

A  natural selection, gene flow, genetic drift, and mutations.

B  gene flow, mutations, chromosomes, and genes.

C  natural selection, genes, alleles, and chromosomes.

D  mutations, genes, and genetic drift.

A  ribosomes

B  your mind

C  chains of amino acids.

D  genes.

A  heterozygous genes

B  gene variants

C  homozygous genes

D  locus

A  21,000 genes

B  30,000 genes

C  100,000 genes

D  3 billion genes

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  the Y chromosome is present in males only.

B  sperm are more powerful than eggs.

C  the X chromosome determines sex.

D  the X chromosome originates only from females.

A  the observable traits that are produced by a genotype

B  pools of water that attract organisms and encourage mating

C  the entirety of an individual organism’s genome

D  the entire collection of genetic material in a breeding community that can be passed on from one generation to the next

A  mitochondria

B  DNA

C  sodium

D  tRNA

A  Mendelian inheritance

B  polygenic inheritance

C  recessive traits

D  codominance