Exam 3

A  salinity

B  predation

C  waves

D  temperature

E  light

F  nutrients

A  physiological acclimatization

B  physiological adaptation

C  genetic acclimatization

D  genetic adaptation

A  sexual partners

B  light

C  food

D  space

A  Pliocene

B  Pleistocene

C  Paleocene

D  Protocene

A  partitioning

B  generalization

C  sharing

D  specialization

A  creeks, inland waterways

B  ocean, brackish water

C  rivers, seawater

D  lakes, hyposaline pools

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  porous, inhabitants

B  calcium carbonate, builders

C  calcium-proteinaceous, producers

D  thin, builders

A  intraspecific, interspecific

B  interspecific, intraspecific

C  facilitative, agonistic

D  agonistic, true

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Lower

B  Middle

C  Upper

A  dinoflagellate, bleaching

B  fungal, mass spawning

C  zooxanthellae, mortality

D  cyanobacteria, bleaching

A  bar-build estuaries

B  coastal plain estuaries

C  fjord

D  drowned fiver valleys

A  Steady state

B  An ecosystem’s limit

C  Carrying capacity

D  Maximum capacity

A  mud, silt, clay

B  silt, clay, mud

C  clay, silt, mud

A  none of these

B  natal homing

C  aerial respiration

D  use of the operculum

E  evaporative cooling

A  mussels

B  tube snails

C  abalone

D  squids

E  scallops

A  calcium carbonate

B  strontium sulphate

C  chitin

D  calcium bicarbonate

E  silicate

A  salmon in estuaries

B  octopus in the lower intertidal

C  otters in kelp forests

D  barnacles in the intertidal

E  turtles in the intertidal

A  Freshwater moving from rivers

B  High tides moving in

C  The Coriolis effect

D  Differences in water temperature as one moves inland

E  Salt wedge moving toward the surface

A  the Galapagos

B  the Indo-Pacific

C  the Hawaiian Islands

D  the Aleutian Islands

E  the Caribbean

A  broadcast spawners

B  sexual reproducers

C  brooders

D  gamete spawners

A  secondary consumer

B  primary producer

C  quaternary consumer

D  tertiary consumer

E  primary consumer

A  Tide pools in the upper intertidal where birds commonly bathe (seen from a distance as a “splash” environment)

B  Intertidal zones where splashing of waves is magnified by the shape of the local rock formations

C  The region where crabs are usually found and “splash” around during feeding activities

D  The upper most area of the intertidal, not usually covered by the tides during most days, but that is “splashed” with sea water during high tides

E  Regions of the lower tide zones where animals can retreat and remain wet at most times in the tidal cycle

A  Provide the coral with protection from predators

B  Help in the deposition of the skeleton

C  Release mucus and other chemicals

D  Provide the coral with protection from herbivores

E  Provide the coral with carbon dioxide

A  Provide habitats to many species

B  All of the choices are true

C  Are among the most productive of all marine ecosystems

D  Directly or indirectly provide food to many species

E  Provide nesting or resting areas to many seabirds

A  Are scavengers

B  Only live in temperate waters

C  Have zooxanthellae

D  Are non-reef builders

E  Always have a soft skeleton

A  parasitic

B  commensalistic

C  episodic

D  mutualistic

E  symbiotic

A  light

B  salinity

C  tides

D  shifting sand

E  food

A  Decrease in the number of seaweeds

B  Increase in the number of mussels

C  Less wave action

D  More species overall

E  Fewer species

A  5%

B  2%

C  10%

D  15%

A  regulate gas exchange

B  float blades toward the surface

C  provide surface for epiphyte growth

D  provide CO2 for photosynthesis

A  keys

B  atolls

C  fringing reefs

D  locks

E  barrier reefs

A  Both biological and physical factors

B  Neither physical nor biological factors

C  Mostly physical factors

D  Mostly biological factors

A  Light

B  Salinity

C  Predation

D  Substrate

E  Temerature

A  Tolerate only a narrow range of salinities

B  Need less oxygen to survive

C  Only tolerate small temperature changes

D  Are less common in estuaries than stenohaline species

E  Can survive broad changes in salinity

A  typically found on a submerged volcano

B  typically found as a mounded structure on a continental shelf

C  a volcanic structure with abundant calcareous worms

D  a type of coral commonly found on oceanic spreading centers