Exam 3

A  salinity

B  temperature

C  nutrients

D  light

E  waves

F  predation

A  genetic acclimatization

B  physiological acclimatization

C  genetic adaptation

D  physiological adaptation

A  sexual partners

B  light

C  space

D  food

A  Pleistocene

B  Pliocene

C  Paleocene

D  Protocene

A  sharing

B  generalization

C  specialization

D  partitioning

A  creeks, inland waterways

B  rivers, seawater

C  lakes, hyposaline pools

D  ocean, brackish water

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  calcium carbonate, builders

B  thin, builders

C  calcium-proteinaceous, producers

D  porous, inhabitants

A  agonistic, true

B  facilitative, agonistic

C  interspecific, intraspecific

D  intraspecific, interspecific

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Middle

B  Lower

C  Upper

A  dinoflagellate, bleaching

B  zooxanthellae, mortality

C  fungal, mass spawning

D  cyanobacteria, bleaching

A  bar-build estuaries

B  fjord

C  drowned fiver valleys

D  coastal plain estuaries

A  An ecosystem’s limit

B  Steady state

C  Maximum capacity

D  Carrying capacity

A  mud, silt, clay

B  silt, clay, mud

C  clay, silt, mud

A  use of the operculum

B  natal homing

C  none of these

D  aerial respiration

E  evaporative cooling

A  scallops

B  squids

C  mussels

D  tube snails

E  abalone

A  calcium carbonate

B  chitin

C  strontium sulphate

D  silicate

E  calcium bicarbonate

A  barnacles in the intertidal

B  turtles in the intertidal

C  otters in kelp forests

D  octopus in the lower intertidal

E  salmon in estuaries

A  Differences in water temperature as one moves inland

B  Freshwater moving from rivers

C  Salt wedge moving toward the surface

D  The Coriolis effect

E  High tides moving in

A  the Hawaiian Islands

B  the Caribbean

C  the Indo-Pacific

D  the Galapagos

E  the Aleutian Islands

A  gamete spawners

B  broadcast spawners

C  brooders

D  sexual reproducers

A  quaternary consumer

B  tertiary consumer

C  secondary consumer

D  primary consumer

E  primary producer

A  The upper most area of the intertidal, not usually covered by the tides during most days, but that is “splashed” with sea water during high tides

B  Intertidal zones where splashing of waves is magnified by the shape of the local rock formations

C  Regions of the lower tide zones where animals can retreat and remain wet at most times in the tidal cycle

D  The region where crabs are usually found and “splash” around during feeding activities

E  Tide pools in the upper intertidal where birds commonly bathe (seen from a distance as a “splash” environment)

A  Provide the coral with protection from herbivores

B  Release mucus and other chemicals

C  Provide the coral with protection from predators

D  Provide the coral with carbon dioxide

E  Help in the deposition of the skeleton

A  Directly or indirectly provide food to many species

B  Provide habitats to many species

C  Are among the most productive of all marine ecosystems

D  All of the choices are true

E  Provide nesting or resting areas to many seabirds

A  Are scavengers

B  Only live in temperate waters

C  Are non-reef builders

D  Have zooxanthellae

E  Always have a soft skeleton

A  commensalistic

B  symbiotic

C  episodic

D  mutualistic

E  parasitic

A  tides

B  light

C  salinity

D  shifting sand

E  food

A  Less wave action

B  More species overall

C  Fewer species

D  Decrease in the number of seaweeds

E  Increase in the number of mussels

A  15%

B  10%

C  2%

D  5%

A  provide surface for epiphyte growth

B  provide CO2 for photosynthesis

C  float blades toward the surface

D  regulate gas exchange

A  atolls

B  fringing reefs

C  barrier reefs

D  keys

E  locks

A  Both biological and physical factors

B  Mostly biological factors

C  Mostly physical factors

D  Neither physical nor biological factors

A  Salinity

B  Substrate

C  Predation

D  Temerature

E  Light

A  Can survive broad changes in salinity

B  Need less oxygen to survive

C  Are less common in estuaries than stenohaline species

D  Only tolerate small temperature changes

E  Tolerate only a narrow range of salinities

A  a type of coral commonly found on oceanic spreading centers

B  typically found on a submerged volcano

C  typically found as a mounded structure on a continental shelf

D  a volcanic structure with abundant calcareous worms