Exam 1

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Question #1

A _____ uses metabolic energy to heat its body. A _____ loses metabolic heat and must maintain body temperatures using alternative means.

A endotherm, pokilotherm

B pokilotherm, homeotherm

C endotherm, ectotherm

D homeotherm, endotherm

E ectotherm, endotherm

Question #2

The process in which the continental land masses have moved their positions on Earth’s surface due to plate tectonics is known as __________.

A contiental rise

B continental drift

C continental uplift

D geoforming

E geotaxis

Question #3

The nutrients __________, __________, and __________ are often scarce in the water column because they are used up quickly by autotrophs during photosynthesis.

A Phosphorous, Carbon, Oxygen

B Nitrate, Phosphorous, Iron

C Iron, Zinc, Nitrate

D Sulfur, Oxygen, Carbon

Question #4

Seawater turbidity and dissolved materials influence light penetration. In temperate waters, ___________ wavelengths (color) of light penetrate the furthest into seawater, whereas in tropical waters ___________ light travels the deepest.

A green, blue

B blue, blue

C red, green

D blue, green

Question #5

The metabolic wastes excreted by herbivores, as well as other dissolved organic particles are known as _____________ and are an energy source for deep sea organisms.

A nitrogenous waste

B marine debris

C marine snow

D dissolved organic carbon

Question #6

When oceanic plates collide with continental plates, which plate is subducted?

A it depends

B continental plate

C both

D oceanic plate

Question #7

The largest continuous geological feature on earth is the _____.

A Rocky Mountains

B Puerto Rico Trench

C Mariana Trench

D Pacific Ocean

E Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Question #8

The founder of modern oceanography and marine biology is often credited as British naturalist Charles Darwin.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #9

In organisms known as ____________, the salt content of their cellular tissues is identical to that of the surrounding seawater; on the other hand, _________ are able to control the salt content of their internal body fluids.

A ectotherms, homeotherms

B osmolytes, ectolytes

C ionoconformer, ionoregulator

D homeotherms, ectotherms

E osmoconformer, osmoregulator

Question #10

Two ions, ____________ and ____________, comprise about 85% of the solutes in seawater. (Choose two).

A iron

B silicon

C sodium

D magnesium

E chloride

Question #11

Seasonality in temperate and polar waters produces a shallow _______ in the surface layer, however, in the tropics this phenomena is absent.

A gyre

B regional nutrient enrichment

C seasonal thermocline

D wind-driven upwelling zone

Question #12

Earth goes through periods of glaciation and alternating interglacial periods. Earth is currently in a _________ period, that began at the end of the __________ ~11,700 years ago.

A interglacial, Holocene

B interglacial, Paleocene

C interglacial, Pleistocene

D glaciation, Miocene

E glaciation, Silurian

Question #13

The blood of marine fish is less salty relative to seawater and they _____ salt along their gills; freshwater fish blood is more salty than freshwater and they ____ salt at the gills.

A gain, lose

B lose, gain

C gain, concentrate

D concentrate, gain

Question #14

Who were the first marine scientists to travel around the Pacific Ocean using natural phenomena as their navigational tools?

A Captain Cook

B Vikings

C Ferdinand Magellan

D Pacific Islanders

Question #15

Which of the following are considered to be branches of marine science?

A Chemistry

B Zoology

C All of these

D Physics

E Anthropology

Question #16

The east coast of the United States is a passive margin characterized by:

A Short continental shelf

B Steep and rocky shorelines

C Gentle continental slope

D Offshore trench

E Mountains along the coast

Question #17

Trenches are formed where:

A A plate sinks beneath another

B A plate splits and opens up

C A plate is lifted by another

D A plate moves above another

E Sea floor spreading takes place

Question #18

There is scientific evidence that the earth and the rest of the solar system formed approximately:

A 1 billion years ago

B 5 million years ago

C 10.5 billion years ago

D 4.6 billion years ago

E 10 million years ago

Question #19

The world’s largest and deepest ocean:

A Arctic Ocean

B Atlantic Ocean

C Antarctic Ocean

D Pacific Ocean

E Indian Ocean

Question #20

An earthquake occurred off the island of Java. Afterwards an ocean buoy detects a wavelength of 42 ft. Scientists in Hawaii are determining whether this is a sign of an approaching tsunami. Based on the relationship of wavelength to wave-height, the approaching wave is estimated to be _______ ft and an alarm is ______.

A 100, announced

B 60, called off

C 6, called off

D 700, announced

E 83, announced

Question #21

The major surface currents of the oceans rotate counterclockwise in the _____ hemisphere and clockwise in the ______ hemisphere.

A Northern, Northern

B Western, Eastern

C Southern, Northern

D Northern, Southern

E Southern, Southern

Question #22

Glucose is an example of a:

A Protein

B Starch

C Hormone

D Carbohydrate

E Lipid

Question #23

A ______ maintains a constant body temperature. An organisms that lacks thermoregulation and has a variable body temperature is a _______.

A poikilotherm, homeotherm

B endotherm, ectotherm

C poikilotherm, osmoconformer

D osmoconformer, osmoregulator

E homeotherm, poikilotherm

Question #24

The modern scientific method is based on the work of:

A Aristotle

B Neptune

C Plato

D Herodotus

E Posidious

Question #25

Gyres are:

A The driving force behind hurricanes and typhoons

B Influenced by the Coriolis effect only in the Northern Hemisphere

C Limited to continental margins

D Large circular systems of surface currents

E Found only in the Pacific Ocean

Question #26

All of the following are examples of asexual reproduction EXCEPT:

A Fertilization

B Fission

C Budding

D Fragmentation

E None of the above

Question #27

Which of the following ocean bottom-types is composed of a large number of shell pieces secreted by life forms?

A Diogenous

B Biogenous

C Terrigenous

D Hydrogenous

E None of the above

Question #28

After World War II, which of the following technological developments opened the doors to new reseach areas in marine science?

A Sonar

B Research vessels

C Deep-water dredges

D Nets

E Marine laboratories

Question #29

Phylogenetics is the study of _________.

A organisms’ evolutionary history

B drivers of environmental change

C organisms’ physiological ecology

D evolutionary time

Question #30

Which of the following is NOT one of the world’s major ocean basins:

A Pacific

B Indian

C Arctic

D Antarctic

Question #31

The rule of constant proportions states that within the ocean:

A Sodium varies with depth

B Chlorine varies with location

C Salinity varies with season

D Ion concentrations don’t change

E Salinity varies with location

Question #32

Which of the following organic molecules store energy, provide insulation, make up cell membranes, and assist in buoyancy?

A Proteins

B Amino Acids

C Lipids

D Nucleic Acids

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