Chapter 9 Quiz

A  The “the least restrictive” environments 

B  Multigrade classrooms

C  Fully inclusive classrooms 

D  Segregated environments

A  Emotional problems

B  Mild mental retardation

C  Autism 

D  Learning disabilities 

A  Is a high- IQ child

B  Is talented

C  Is creative 

D  Uses convergent thinking

A  Many gifted children are socially isolated 

B  Most gifted children show an evenly high ability across academic subjects

C   The vast majority of gifted children have IQ scores of 150 or higher 

D  Most gifted children have high self-esteem 

A  Ability grouping

B  Emphasis on effort

C  A shorter school year 

D  Emphasis on native ability 

A  Use constructivist classrooms rather than traditional classrooms

B  Are usually located in upper-income areas

C  Emphasize a specific are of interest

D  Are voluntarily segregated 

A  African-American children are just as likely to attend a school that serves a mostly black population as they were in 1960’s 

B   Hispanic children are more racially integrated than African-AMerican children in U.S. schools

C  Federal and state grants-in-aid have been sufficient in closing the funding gap between rich and poor

D  The racial divide in American public school is gradually improving

A   Educational self-fulfilling prophecy 

B  Social-constructive classroom

C  Homogeneous grouping practice

D  Cooperative learning technique 

A  Teachers, students, and peers work together on a wide range of challenging activities 

B  Cooperative learning is frowned upon

C  Students construct their own knowledge

D  The teacher is the sole authority for knowledge, rules, and decision making

A  Are behind in reading achievement tests in both languages

B  Are behind in detection of errors in grammar and meaning 

C  Outperform others on test of cognitive flexibility 

D  Have difficulty on selective attention tasks

A  Watching educational programming 

B  Talking 

C  Using educational computer game

D  Reading 

A  Emotional intelligence

B  SES

C  The size of the cerebral cortex

D  Self-discipline

A  Lower on intelligence tests then white children adopted into similar homes

B  High on intelligence tests by middle childhood 

C  Below average on intelligence tests during school years 

D  Above average on early childhood intelligence tests, but scores decreased by middle childhood

A  IQ shows significant fluctuations over the lifespan

B  Heredity contributes substantially to individual and SES differences in IQ 

C  IQ variations are largely determines by differences in environment

D  Ethnic and social class differences in IQ are unfounded 

A  Bodily-kinesthetic

B  Interpersonal 

C  Interpersonal

D  General

A  Emotional

B   Practical 

C  Analytical 

D  Creative 

A  Complex skills can only be learned by drill in computation and rote memorization 

B  Reasoning about number concepts should replace drill in computation in elementary school 

C  A blend of both drill in computing and “number sense,” or understanding, is most beneficial

D  Because children need to retrieve mathematical answers automatically, they should be exclusively taught by rote 

A  Metacognitive

B  Pragmatic 

C  Phonics 

D  Whole-language 

A  Phonics 

B  Metacognitive

C  Pragmatic 

D  Whole-language 

A  Metacognitive awareness

B  Self-regulation

C  Learned helplessness 

D  Interpersonal intelligence

A  Metacognition

B  Cognitive self-regulation

C  Selectivity of attention

D  Elaboration 

A  Organization

B  Elaboration

C  Metacognition 

D  Rehearsal

A  Highly heritable and is also associated with environmental factors

B  Most often caused by a highly stressful home life

C  Not usually a lifelong disorder 

D  Most commonly treated using behavior modifications techniques 

A  Fraternal twins are more likely than identical twins to have ADHD 

B  All children with ADHD are hyperactive

C  Boys are diagnosed with ADHD about 4 times as often as girls 

D  For a child to be diagnosed with ADHD, symptoms must appear before age 5

A  Moderate

B  Little or no

C  Only minor

D  Substantial

A  Readily read maps of extended outdoor environments

B  Classify three relations at once

C  Draw maps to scale

D  Seriate mentally

A  Order items along a quantitative dimension

B  Center on just one aspect of a problem, rather than focus on several aspects at once 

C  Think through a series of steps and then mentally reverse direction

D  Center on just one aspect of a problem, rather than focus on several aspects at once 

A  No recess

B  5 to 10 minutes of recess a day

C  The threat of recess cancellation if any child misbehaves 

D  More than 15 minutes of recess a day 

A  Seems to foster self-esteem and social skills

B  Often results in psychological damage to children 

C  Often interferes with school work and can cause a sharp decline in academic achievement 

D  Is the leading cause of childhood injury

A  Compere against her friends and establish a dominance hierarchy

B  Play without rules and rely on individual ability 

C  Develop a sense of pride in her superior motor skills

D  Practice winning and losing with little personal risk

A  School-age children today spend more time engage in informal outdoor play 

B  Child-invented games are usually contests of individual ability

C  Gains in perspective taking permit a transition to rule-oriented games

D  For most children, join community sports is associated with decreased self-esteem

A  Has not yet developed adequate depth perception

B  Can only use his wrist and fingers to form the letters and numbers

C  Cannot yet visually distinguish fine details

D  Makes strokes with his entire arm rather than just the wrist and fingers

A  Ginger, an overweight hispanic girl

B  Tanya, a Caucasian girl who lives in a rural area

C  Meghan, a high SES Asian girl

D  Ellysa, an African-American girl who lives in poverty

A  Children who live in rural areas

B  Asain children 

C  Boys

D  Middle-SES children

A  Sickle cell anemia 

B  Diabetes

C  Systic fibrosis

D  Asthma

A  A lack of physical play space in many neighborhoods and schools

B  Ineffective health education in the primary grades

C  The increasing number of hours children sleep at night

D  The many hours children spend watching television 

A  Diabetes 

B  Tuberculosis

C  Asthma 

D  Heart Disease

A  Many children experience a decreasing desire for physical exercise 

B  12 of the primary teeth are lost and replaced by permanent ones

C  Girls have slightly more muscle and boys more body fat

D  Girls lose their teeth slightly earlier than boys

A  Her bones were strengthening while her muscles were weakening

B  She was losing “baby fat” at an increasing rate 

C  The bones of her body had shortened and narrowed

D  Her ligaments were not yet firmly attached to bones

A  Speeds up more significantly for boys than for girls

B  Continues at the slow, regular pace of early childhood

C  Slows dramatically

D  Increases dramatically from the pace of early childhood