Second Midterm

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Question #1

A main criterion for giftedness is a high general intelligence, which is shown by an IQ score of

A 90

B 130 or higher.

C 70

D 100

Question #2

Playing baseball would be an example of which type of play?

A dramatic play

B functional play

C formal games with rules

D constructive play

Question #3

Tina believes she can master her schoolwork and enjoys her learning. She demonstrates high

A self-elaboration.

B self-efficiency.

C self-efficacy.

D self-effort.

Question #4

Leslie is people smart. She is good at reading the feelings and emotions of others and can predict other people’s intentions. According to Howard Gardner, for which occupation is Leslie well suited?

A social worker

B critic

C tour guide

D author

Question #5

Terry often gets lost when walking around the neighborhood. Terry does not understand how to use a map and often confuses north with south. Terry is probably weak in which type of intelligence?

A kinesthetic

B logical

C spatial

D linguistic

Question #6

Linda loves the outdoors. She is interested in different types of plants and flowers and also likes digging for fossils and old artifacts. Linda is most likely strong in which type of intelligence?

A kinesthetic

B naturalist

C logical

D linguistic

Question #7

A school program for gifted children that deepens the learned knowledge and skills with extra classroom activities is called

A an aptitude program.

B a brain learning program.

C an intellectual program.

D an enrichment program.

Question #8

Mimi recognizes her brain has the capacity to allow her to memorize her multiplication tables. Mimi is demonstrating the use of

A math thinking.

B metamemory.

C cognitive distortion.

D meta multiplication.

Question #9

Andrew loves to line up all of his cars and trucks by size. Andrew has accomplished an understanding of the concept of

A inference.

B seriation.

C conservation.

D inclusion.

Question #10

Which of the following is not a feature of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?

A the ability to pay close attention to many details

B impulsive, disorganized behavior

C restlessness

D a short attention span

Question #11

Which type of child maltreatment is characterized by a failure to provide for the child’s basic needs?

A sexual abuse

B neglect

C emotional abuse

D physical abuse

Question #12

Which of the following types of child maltreatment occurs most often?

A neglect

B sexual abuse

C emotional abuse

D physical abuse

Question #13

Physical or verbal aggression that is openly directed at a target is called

A instrumental aggression.

B internal aggression.

C relational aggression.

D overt aggression.

Question #14

Mitchell does not wish to hurt his brother, John, but he pushes John to get the toy tractor John is playing with in their backyard. Mitchell is demonstrating what type of aggression?

A instrumental

B independent

C innovative

D initiative

Question #15

Without being told, Fran has noticed that her friend Katie needs her blue crayon and she shares it readily in an act of

A altitude.

B altruism.

C attitude.

D aptitude.

Question #16

A parenting style with an emphasis on control and unquestioning obedience is called

A permissive parenting.

B authoritative parenting.

C authoritarian parenting.

D permissive parenting.

Question #17

The pioneering research of which researcher was BEST known for studying various parenting styles in families?

A Diana Baumrind

B Sigmund Freud

C Jean Piaget

D Albert Bandura

Question #18

Ignoring, isolating, or showing dislike for a child is best called the

A withdrawal of care.

B withdrawal of attention.

C withdrawal of compassion.

D withdrawal of love.

Question #19

Children’s play environments are affected by what adults set up for them, the frequency of their play, and the form of their play, which are all related to what type of values?

A comparative

B cultural

C communicative

D cooperative

Question #20

Frank is having a great time repeatedly bouncing a ball down the sidewalk. Frank is taking part in which type of play?

A pretend

B functional

C dramatic

D constructive

Question #21

When a child is able to speak while intending the words to be understood by a listener, he or she is showing an aspect of

A social speech.

B literate speech.

C private speech.

D pragmatic speech.

Question #22

A gap between what a child is already able to do and what he or she is not quite ready to accomplish alone is called

A the zone of processing development.

B the zone of progressive development.

C the zone of proximal development.

D the zone of proximate development.

Question #23

Putting information into a mental folder for filing in our memory is called

A decoding.

B uncoding.

C recoding.

D encoding.

Question #24

Five-year-old Seth was just presented with a conservation-of-liquid task. After agreeing that both glasses have the same amount of liquid and then the liquid from one glass is poured into a taller glass, when asked if both glasses now contain the same amount of water, or if one contains more, Seth is likely to say,

A “the tall glass has more”.

B “the third glass is full”.

C “both glasses have the same”.

D “the short glass has more”.

Question #25

What is a morpheme?

A the smallest unit of sound with recognizable meaning

B the combination of consonants and vowels in speech

C the combination of phrases that lead to discourse

D the smallest unit of sound a given language recognizes

Question #26

Bradley is four years old. He performs a conservation task. Bradley has difficulty completing the task because he is in which Piagetian stage of cognitive development?

A concrete operations

B formal operations

C preoperational

D sensorimotor

Question #27

Paul attempted to draw shapes. One shape gave him a hard time, namely, a triangle. This shape has sharper corners and connections, which could require greater skills in which area?

A gross motor

B locomotor

C ambimotor

D fine motor

Question #28

You are opening a daycare center and want to help develop fine motor skills in children. Which of the following would be a good aide?

A a ball to bounce

B a jump rope

C balls to throw

D thin pens and pencils

Question #29

What is a phoneme?

A the combination of phrases that lead to discourse

B the combination of consonants and vowels in speech

C the smallest unit of sound with recognizable meaning

D the smallest unit of sound a given language recognizes

Question #30

Talking aloud to oneself with no intent to communicate with others is called

A pragmatic speech.

B literate speech

C private speech.

D social speech.

Question #31

Eric Erikson’s second crisis, which begins at eighteen months of age and ends at about three years of age, is called

A integrity versus despair.

B autonomy versus shame and doubt.

C identity versus role confusion.

D trust versus basic mistrust.

Question #32

If a baby feels comfortable as long as his or her mother is around, then he or she would be described by Ainsworth as being

A disorganizedly attached.

B securely attached.

C ambivalently attached.

D avoidantly attached.

Question #33

Attachment theory was developed by

A Kohlberg and Gilligan.

B Bowlby and Ainsworth.

C Watson and Skinner.

D Erikson and Piaget.

Question #34

What is the process by which infant and caregiver can communicate emotional states to each other and respond appropriately?

A Intergenerational transmission

B Internalization

C Mutual regulation

D Social referencing

Question #35

Babies with which type of attachment are flexible and resilient in the face of stress?

A disorganized-disoriented

B avoidant

C secure

D ambivalent

Question #36

The stage of developing trust begins in infancy and continues until about

A 36 months of age.

B 2 years of age.

C 18 months of age.

D 3 years of age.

Question #37

Erik Erikson argued that our first challenge as babies involves the issue of

A identity.

B belonging.

C generativity.

D trust.

Question #38

The classic, laboratory-based technique designed to assess attachment patterns between an infant and an adult is called

A The Strange Situation.

B The Ambivalence Situation.

C The Secure Attachment methodology.

D The Stranger Danger dynamic.

Question #39

What is a relatively stable individual difference suggested by research, perhaps because it is largely inborn and strongly influenced by genetics?

A temperance

B tolerance

C temperament

D tenacity

Question #40

Goodness of fit describes the match between a person’s temperament and his or her

A emotion.

B personality.

C environment.

D behavior.

Question #41

The goals of psychometric testing are to measure the factors that make up intelligence and the results of that measurement,

A questioningly.

B qualitatively.

C quantitatively.

D quota numbers.

Question #42

The study of the basic mechanics of learning and how behavior changes in response to experience is of interest to developmental psychologists who take which theoretical approach to human development?

A cognitive

B behavioral

C social-contextual

D psychometric

Question #43

According to Noam Chomsky’s theory, what do children have that enables them to infer linguistic rules from the language they hear?

A a syntax detector

B a sensory register

C a language acquisition device

D a cultural adaptation model

Question #44

Baby Kevin is presented with a bright red rattle. After several seconds of looking at the rattle, he loses interest. Kevin is then presented with a bright green rattle and his attention returns to a high level. What term describes Kevin’s loss of interest in the red rattle?

A a familiarity preference

B dishabituation

C a novelty preference

D habituation

Question #45

What is the term used to describe the mutual interactions with adults that help shape children’s activities?

A led participation

B graded participation

C guided participation

D structured participation

Question #46

Infants learn about themselves and their world through their developing sensory and motor activity in which stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development?

A sensorimotor

B post-formal

C operational

D formal

Question #47

The sensorimotor stage of Piaget’s cognitive theory of development includes what age group?

A two to eight years old

B eight to twelve years old

C twelve to eighteen years old

D birth to two years old

Question #48

Which of the following is Piaget’s stage of cognitive development during infancy?

A formal operational

B concrete operational

C preoperational

D sensorimotor

Question #49

Learning based on association of behavior with its consequences is called

A cognition.

B classical conditioning.

C information processing

D operant conditioning.

Question #50

Learning based on associating a stimulus that does not ordinarily elicit a response with another stimulus that does elicit the response is called

A classical conditioning.

B information processing.

C operant conditioning.

D cognition.

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