Mastery EAQ Ch. 22

A  Administer an increased dose of the medication.

B  Monitor the patient for a toxic reaction to the drug.

C  Notify the health care provider of this information.

D  Administer a decreased dose of the medication.

A  A patient with a heart rate of 90 beats/min

B  A patient with constipation

C  A patient with a potassium level of 3.4 mEq/L

D  A patient with an elevated creatinine level

A  “Sit on the side of the bed before getting up, and get up slowly.”

B  “Only take this medication in the morning.”

C  “Take the medication with potassium supplements.”

D  “Do not take the medication with food.”

A  Hypotension

B  Tachycardia

C  Angina pectoris

D  Subarachnoid hemorrhage

A  Make certain the patient does not crush the pill.

B  Monitor blood pressure continuously.

C  Measure hourly output.

D  Administer with a full glass of water.

A  Serum potassium of 3.8 mEq/L

B  Blood pressure of 120/72 mm Hg

C  Serum sodium of 140 mEq/L

D  Cool, dry, pale extremities

A  “If I have trouble sleeping, I should call the health care provider.”

B  “I cannot go out in the sun while on this therapy.”

C  “If I develop a chronic cough, I should notify my health care provider.”

D  “I should stop the drug if I have ringing in my ears.”

A  “You will see the capsule shell in your stool, but don’t worry, the drug has been absorbed.”

B  “Nausea and vomiting are common but can be helped by eating crackers.”

C  “Some people get a feeling of chills for a few hours after the first dose.”

D  “You will get a headache the first time you take this medication.”

A  Spironolactone

B  Docusate sodium

C  Morphine sulfate

D  Aspirin

A  “Do not be concerned if you see the matrix of the capsule in your stool.”
“Be especially careful when changing position after your first dose of the medication.”

B  “The medication is contraindicated if you develop benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH).”
“A glass of wine a few times a week should not be a problem.”

C  “You may develop a nonproductive, dry cough from this medication.”
“The medication is contraindicated if you develop benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH).”

D  “A glass of wine a few times a week should not be a problem.”
“You may develop a nonproductive, dry cough from this medication.”

A  Ibuprofen can potentiate the effect of losartan.

B  Ibuprofen can lead to potential renal failure.

C  Ibuprofen increases the risk for hypokalemia.

D  The risk for the side effect of cough is increased.

A  Spironolactone, Ibuprofen, Potassium chloride

B  Warfarin, Alprazolam, Potassium chloride

C  Spironolactone, Warfarin, Alprazolam

D  Warfarin, Ibuprofen, Alprazolam

A  Lisinopril, Eplerenone

B  Diazoxide, Hydralazine

C  Aliskiren, Valsartan

D  Valsartan, Lisinopril

A  Ask the patient to perform a 24-hour dietary recall.

B  Instruct the patient to reduce dietary sodium.

C  Instruct the patient to weigh daily.

D  Collaborate with the health care provider to find a combination ACE inhibitor and diuretic.

A  “They promote sodium and water retention.”
“ACE inhibitors modify the function of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS).”

B  “ACE inhibitors modify the function of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS).”
“Angiotensin II is a potent vasodilator.”

C  “They reduce afterload.”
“Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) is decreased.”

D  “Angiotensin II is a potent vasodilator.”
“They promote sodium and water retention.”

A  Administer aspirin.

B  Administer potassium chloride intravenously.

C  Send the patient for hemodialysis.

D  Insert a Foley catheter.

A  Sodium nitroprusside

B  Treprostinil

C  Eplerenone

D  Bosentan

A  Mental status

B  Breath sounds

C  Serum potassium

D  Peripheral pulses

A  Calcium chloride

B  Intravenous fluids

C  Antianxiety medication

D  Potassium supplements

A  Serum cyanide level

B  Fasting blood glucose level

C  Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels

D  12-Lead electrocardiogram (ECG)

A  Restrict dietary fiber intake. Limit fluids to 1000 mL/day. Increase the amount of fruits and vegetables in the diet.

B  Increase the amount of fruits and vegetables in the diet. Inform the patient that this is a common side effect of the medication. Discuss incorporation of psyllium-based products in the plan of care with the health care provider.

C  Restrict dietary fiber intake. Inform the patient that this is a common side effect of the medication. Limit fluids to 1000 mL/day.

D  Discuss incorporation of psyllium-based products in the plan of care with the health care provider. Restrict dietary fiber intake. Limit fluids to 1000 mL/day.

A  Toxic level of lithium

B  Decreased level of the ACE inhibitor

C  Decreased level of lithium

D  Toxic level of the ACE inhibitor

A  Enalapril

B  Captopril

C  Losartan

D  Ramipril

A  “I will check my blood pressure daily and take my medication when it is over 140/90 mm Hg.”

B  “I will include rest periods during the day to help me tolerate the fatigue my medicine may cause.”

C  “I will change my position slowly to prevent feeling dizzy.”

D  “I will not mow my lawn until I see how this medication makes me feel.”

A  Determine the patient’s history.

B  Weigh the patient.

C  Hold the medication.

D  Call the health care provider.

A  A dry, hacking cough

B  Serum potassium of 4.2 mEq/L

C  Serum sodium of 147 mEq/L

D  Persistent dry mouth

A  Hydrochlorothiazide

B  Felodipine

C  Candesartan

D  Propranolol

A  12.5 mg/day

B  10.5 mg/day

C  15.0 mg/day

D  16.5 mg/day

A  Diabetes, Emphysema, Stroke

B  Heart failure, Diabetes, Emphysema

C  Stroke, Heart failure, Cardiovascular disease

D  Cardiovascular disease, Diabetes, Emphysema

A  Enalapril

B  Furosemide

C  Hydralazine

D  Doxazosin

A  Dry, nonproductive cough

B  Angioedema

C  Fatigue

D  Diarrhea

A  Blood pressure of 80/60 mm Hg

B  Potassium level of 5 mEq/dL

C  Calcium level of 8 mEq/dL

D  Apical pulse of 100 beats/min

A  Vomiting and diarrhea, Difficulty ambulating to the bathroom, Disorientation to person, place, and time

B  Dizziness, Headache, Vomiting and diarrhea

C  Constipation, Difficulty ambulating to the bathroom, Disorientation to person, place, and time

D  Constipation, Difficulty ambulating to the bathroom, Dizziness,

A  Instruct the patient to take antitussive medication until the symptoms subside.

B  Consult with the health care provider to switch the medication.

C  Assess the patient for other symptoms of upper respiratory infection.

D  Tell the patient that the cough will subside in a few days.

A  Losartan

B  Treprostinil

C  Sodium nitroprusside

D  Eplerenone

A  Heart rate of 40 beats/min

B  Temperature of 38°C (100.4°F)

C  Blood pressure of 110/70 mm Hg

D  Respiratory rate of 20 breaths/min

A  Decreased cardiac output

B  Increased urinary output

C  Tachycardia

D  Tachypnea

A  “This medication will vasodilate your blood vessels to lower your blood pressure.”

B  “This medication will help your body to get rid of sodium.”

C  “This medication will work to cause your body to get rid of fluid.”

D  “This medication will help you to lose weight to lower your blood pressure.”

A  Osmotic

B  Thiazide

C  Potassium-sparing

D  Loop

A  Orthostatic blood pressure assessment

B  Respiratory assessment

C  Teaching about potential tachycardia

D  Assessment of blood glucose levels

A  “Remove the old patch before applying the new patch.”

B  “Stay in bed for at least an hour after receiving a new patch.”

C  “Take the medication on an empty stomach.”

D  “Keep the new patch on for 30 minutes before removing the old patch.”

A  Syncope

B  Vomiting

C  Rash

D  Anorexia

A  Schedule the dose to be taken in the evening.

B  Monitor serum calcium and sodium levels daily.

C  Encourage intake of foods rich in potassium.

D  Take the radial pulse for 1 full minute before administering the drug.

A  Valsartan

B  Furosemide

C  Metoprolol

D  Enalapril

A  Decreased effect of the angiotensin II receptor–blocker drug

B  Increased effect of the angiotensin II receptor blocker drug

C  Decreased effect of the rifampin

D  Increased effect of the rifampin

A  Increased effect of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

B  Decreased effect of the angiotensin II receptor–blocker drug

C  Decreased effect of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

D  Increased effect of the angiotensin II receptor–blocker drug

A  “CCBs promote excretion of water.”

B  “CCBs block reabsorption of sodium.”

C  “CCBs increase blood return to heart.”

D  “CCBs relax vascular smooth muscle.”

A  “The health care provider can work with you on changing the dose or medication.”

B  “This is an unusual occurrence, but it is important to stay on your medication.”

C  “Don’t worry. Eventually, tolerance will develop.”

D  “Sexual dysfunction happens with this therapy, and you will learn to accept it.”

A  Treprostinil

B  Epoprostenol

C  Ambrisentan

D  Sildenafil

A  Decrease in platelet aggregation

B  Rash

C  Bradycardia

D  Hypotension

A  Carvedilol

B  Doxazosin

C  Clonidine

D  Nebivolol

A  Doxazosin (Cardura)

B  Prazosin (Minipress)

C  Tamsulosin (Flomax)

D  Terazosin (Hytrin)

A  Laxative

B  Milk

C  Soft drinks

D  Alcohol

A  Terazosin

B  Carvedilol

C  Doxazosin

D  Clonidine

A  Dihydropyridines

B  Phenylalkylamines

C  Aliskiren

D  Benzothiazepines

A  Increasing life span of population

B  Promoting cardiovascular health

C  Reducing heart failure

D  Reducing renal morbidity and mortality

A  “The cause of your hypertension is unknown but treatable.”

B  “This type of hypertension has a definitive cause.”

C  “This type of hypertension is not treatable.”

D  “Once you have surgery, this will go away.”

A  Diastolic pressure of 70 mm Hg

B  Systolic pressure consistently above 140 mm Hg

C  Blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg after walking up two flights of stairs

D  Diastolic blood pressure of 80 mm Hg after exercise

A  Perform a neurologic assessment. Assess oxygenation and ventilation. Draw baseline serum electrolyte levels. Assess the patient for peripheral edema.

B  Assess oxygenation and ventilation. Obtain an intravenous infusion pump. Draw baseline serum electrolyte levels. Assess the patient for peripheral edema.

C  Evaluate the electrocardiogram. Perform a neurologic assessment. Assess oxygenation and ventilation. Obtain an intravenous infusion pump.

D  Draw baseline serum electrolyte levels. Evaluate the electrocardiogram. Perform a neurologic assessment. Assess the patient for peripheral edema.

A  A patient who has stopped taking a beta blocker because of cost

B  A patient who is taking a beta blocker and furosemide

C  A patient who is on a beta blocker and a thiazide diuretic

D  A patient who has been on beta blockers for 1 day

A  Upper arm

B  Forearm

C  Lower leg

D  Upper thigh