Lecture Exam 2

A  milk at pH 6.5

B  a hot vent at pH 1.5

C  human intestine at pH 8.5

D  human blood at pH 7.2

A  that they grow well at high pressure

B  that they grow well at low oxygen

C  that they grow well at high pH

D  that they grow well at low pH

E  that they grow well at low oxygen

A  reproduction

B  survival

C  storage

D  protein synthesis

A  the temperature that has the highest cell growth and highest enzymatic activity

B  the temperature that is near one extreme of its range of tolerated temperatures

C  the temperature that has the longest time between cell divisions

D  the temperature that allows it to grow with the shortest generation time

A  they lack the correct nucleus

B  they lack the correct enzymes

C  they lack the correct atmospheric pressure

D  they lack the correct salt concentration

E  they lack the correct pH

A  obligate aerobe.

B  osmotolerant.

C  aerotolerant anaerobe.

D  acidophile.

E  facultative anaerobe

A  stationary phase

B  exponential or logarithmic phase

C  decline phase

D  lag phase

A  none of these are correct

B  due to the rise in cell density

C  more than one of the above is correct

D  due to the exhaustion of nutrients

E  due to the accumulation of toxic metabolites

A  alkaliphiles

B  facultative anaerobes

C  obligate anaerobes

D  neutrophiles

A  bacterial conjugation.

B  two of the choices are correct only

C  adherence to certain surfaces.

D  bacterial motility.

E  none of these are correct

F  all of these are correct

A  acidophile

B  aerotolerant anaerobe

C  neutrophile

D  osmotolerant

A  An individual that is suffering maximum host cell damage and is manifesting clear and distinct symptoms of the particular disease.

B  An individual that has survived the acute phase of the disease because of an effective immune system and/or because of effective treatment.

C  none of these are correct

D  An individual that has been exposed to an infectious microorganism and the microorganism is replicating, but microorganism numbers have not yet reached levels necessary to produce visible symptoms.

A  a heterotroph

B  a chemotroph

C  a chemoheterotroph

D  a phototroph

A  hyperthermophiles â growth at 85°C

B  psychrophile â growth at 15°C

C  thermophile â growth at 50°C

D  mesophile â growth at 0°C

A  mesophiles

B  psychrotrophs

C  thermophiles

D  acidophiles

A  an obligate aerobe

B  an aerotolerant anaerobe

C  an obligate anaerobe

D  a facultative anaerobe

A  salt pond in the desert with a daytime temperature of 34 °C

B  contaminated plates left in a 35 °C incubator

C  mountain lake with a water temperature of 12 °C

D  yogurt cultured at room temperature

A  None of these

B  20-30°C

C  25-40°C

D  >40°C

A  surface membranes of live, living cells.

B  surface structure of fixed cells.

C  internal structure of live, living cells.

D  internal structure of fixed cells.

A  dark-field microscopy

B  scanning electron microscopy

C  bright-field microscopy

D  fluorescence microscopy

E  phase-contrast microscopy

A  light penetration

B  diameter.

C  length.

D  size

A  higher

B  the same

C  lower

D  no relationship on

A  differential interference contrast microscope

B  electron microscope

C  brightfield microscope

D  darkfield microscope

A  radio wavelength

B  light with an intermediate wavelength

C  light with a long wavelength

D  light with a short wavelength

A  the minimum cell size of a cell.

B  the microscope’s resolution.

C  the microscope’s magnification.

D  the microscope’s clarity.

A  immunofluoresnce

B  bright-field microscopy with staining

C  differential Interference Contrast microscopy

D  phase contrast microscopy

A  bright-field

B  dark-field

C  phase-contrast

D  scanning electron

E  transmission electron

A  hand

B  nose

C  throat

D  colon

A  attaching

B  dying

C  moving

D  floating

E  reproducing

A  flagellum

B  peptidoglycan

C  capsule

D  cell wall

A  the production of exotoxins or endotoxins.

B  all of these

C  the presence of anatomical structures such as pili.

D  the production of various enzymatic activities such as hemolysins and leucocidins

A  prevented the virus from entering the host cell

B  destroyed the viral nucleic acid

C  more than one of the above is correct

D  prevented the virus from leaving the host cell

E  none of these are correct

F  prevented the virus from attaching to the host cell

A  none of these are correct

B  cause target cells to mutate

C  more than one of the above is correct

D  cause target cells to cell divide

E  punch holes in target cells

F  cause target cells to function more efficiently

A  endoplasmic reticulum

B  flagella

C  nucleus

D  more than one of the above is correct

E  chloroplasts

F  mitochondria

A  chemotaxis

B  tumbling

C  phototaxis

D  gliding motility

A  nutrients

B  starvation

C  water

D  oxygen

A  build biofilms

B  damage host cells

C  evade phagocytosis

D  evade PAMPS activation

E  move to a new location

A  carbohydrates

B  lipids

C  nucleic acids

D  protein

A  peritrichous

B  lophotrichous

C  monotrichous

D  monotrichous

A  they can cause antibiotic resistance

B  more than one of the above is correct

C  none of these are correct

D  they are used in DNA exchange

E  they are used in attachment

F  they are used in motility

A  acidophiles

B  halotolerant

C  barophiles

D  thermophiles

A  attachment increases endospore formation

B  attachment increases the exchange of genes

C  attachment increases parasitic damage to the host

D  attachment increases motility

A  endospores are more likely to die in nutritionally poor conditions

B  endospores are more resistant to staining

C  endospores are more likely to survive treatment with disinfectants

D  endospores are more resistant to temperature changes

A  plasma membrane

B  axial filament

C  pilum

D  fimbria

A  pili

B  flagellum

C  none of these are correct

D  pore forming toxins

E  capsule

F  more than one of the above is correct