Lecture Exam 2

A  a hot vent at pH 1.5

B  human blood at pH 7.2

C  human intestine at pH 8.5

D  milk at pH 6.5

A  that they grow well at low oxygen

B  that they grow well at low oxygen

C  that they grow well at low pH

D  that they grow well at high pressure

E  that they grow well at high pH

A  reproduction

B  survival

C  protein synthesis

D  storage

A  the temperature that is near one extreme of its range of tolerated temperatures

B  the temperature that has the highest cell growth and highest enzymatic activity

C  the temperature that allows it to grow with the shortest generation time

D  the temperature that has the longest time between cell divisions

A  they lack the correct nucleus

B  they lack the correct atmospheric pressure

C  they lack the correct salt concentration

D  they lack the correct pH

E  they lack the correct enzymes

A  osmotolerant.

B  facultative anaerobe

C  acidophile.

D  obligate aerobe.

E  aerotolerant anaerobe.

A  lag phase

B  stationary phase

C  exponential or logarithmic phase

D  decline phase

A  due to the rise in cell density

B  due to the accumulation of toxic metabolites

C  none of these are correct

D  due to the exhaustion of nutrients

E  more than one of the above is correct

A  neutrophiles

B  obligate anaerobes

C  alkaliphiles

D  facultative anaerobes

A  all of these are correct

B  none of these are correct

C  two of the choices are correct only

D  bacterial conjugation.

E  bacterial motility.

F  adherence to certain surfaces.

A  aerotolerant anaerobe

B  neutrophile

C  acidophile

D  osmotolerant

A  An individual that has been exposed to an infectious microorganism and the microorganism is replicating, but microorganism numbers have not yet reached levels necessary to produce visible symptoms.

B  An individual that has survived the acute phase of the disease because of an effective immune system and/or because of effective treatment.

C  none of these are correct

D  An individual that is suffering maximum host cell damage and is manifesting clear and distinct symptoms of the particular disease.

A  a chemoheterotroph

B  a heterotroph

C  a phototroph

D  a chemotroph

A  hyperthermophiles â growth at 85°C

B  thermophile â growth at 50°C

C  mesophile â growth at 0°C

D  psychrophile â growth at 15°C

A  acidophiles

B  psychrotrophs

C  mesophiles

D  thermophiles

A  an aerotolerant anaerobe

B  an obligate anaerobe

C  a facultative anaerobe

D  an obligate aerobe

A  mountain lake with a water temperature of 12 °C

B  yogurt cultured at room temperature

C  contaminated plates left in a 35 °C incubator

D  salt pond in the desert with a daytime temperature of 34 °C

A  >40°C

B  20-30°C

C  25-40°C

D  None of these

A  internal structure of fixed cells.

B  surface membranes of live, living cells.

C  internal structure of live, living cells.

D  surface structure of fixed cells.

A  fluorescence microscopy

B  phase-contrast microscopy

C  bright-field microscopy

D  dark-field microscopy

E  scanning electron microscopy

A  size

B  length.

C  light penetration

D  diameter.

A  the same

B  lower

C  higher

D  no relationship on

A  brightfield microscope

B  darkfield microscope

C  differential interference contrast microscope

D  electron microscope

A  radio wavelength

B  light with an intermediate wavelength

C  light with a short wavelength

D  light with a long wavelength

A  the microscope’s clarity.

B  the microscope’s resolution.

C  the minimum cell size of a cell.

D  the microscope’s magnification.

A  immunofluoresnce

B  differential Interference Contrast microscopy

C  bright-field microscopy with staining

D  phase contrast microscopy

A  phase-contrast

B  dark-field

C  transmission electron

D  scanning electron

E  bright-field

A  nose

B  colon

C  throat

D  hand

A  dying

B  attaching

C  moving

D  reproducing

E  floating

A  cell wall

B  flagellum

C  capsule

D  peptidoglycan

A  the production of various enzymatic activities such as hemolysins and leucocidins

B  all of these

C  the production of exotoxins or endotoxins.

D  the presence of anatomical structures such as pili.

A  prevented the virus from leaving the host cell

B  more than one of the above is correct

C  none of these are correct

D  prevented the virus from attaching to the host cell

E  destroyed the viral nucleic acid

F  prevented the virus from entering the host cell

A  none of these are correct

B  cause target cells to mutate

C  punch holes in target cells

D  cause target cells to function more efficiently

E  cause target cells to cell divide

F  more than one of the above is correct

A  chloroplasts

B  endoplasmic reticulum

C  flagella

D  nucleus

E  more than one of the above is correct

F  mitochondria

A  phototaxis

B  gliding motility

C  tumbling

D  chemotaxis

A  oxygen

B  water

C  starvation

D  nutrients

A  evade PAMPS activation

B  move to a new location

C  build biofilms

D  damage host cells

E  evade phagocytosis

A  nucleic acids

B  carbohydrates

C  protein

D  lipids

A  monotrichous

B  lophotrichous

C  peritrichous

D  monotrichous

A  none of these are correct

B  more than one of the above is correct

C  they are used in DNA exchange

D  they are used in motility

E  they can cause antibiotic resistance

F  they are used in attachment

A  thermophiles

B  barophiles

C  halotolerant

D  acidophiles

A  attachment increases parasitic damage to the host

B  attachment increases the exchange of genes

C  attachment increases endospore formation

D  attachment increases motility

A  endospores are more likely to die in nutritionally poor conditions

B  endospores are more resistant to staining

C  endospores are more resistant to temperature changes

D  endospores are more likely to survive treatment with disinfectants

A  plasma membrane

B  pilum

C  axial filament

D  fimbria

A  none of these are correct

B  more than one of the above is correct

C  pili

D  flagellum

E  pore forming toxins

F  capsule