Lecture Exam 2

A  a hot vent at pH 1.5

B  human blood at pH 7.2

C  milk at pH 6.5

D  human intestine at pH 8.5

A  that they grow well at low pH

B  that they grow well at low oxygen

C  that they grow well at low oxygen

D  that they grow well at high pH

E  that they grow well at high pressure

A  survival

B  protein synthesis

C  storage

D  reproduction

A  the temperature that allows it to grow with the shortest generation time

B  the temperature that is near one extreme of its range of tolerated temperatures

C  the temperature that has the longest time between cell divisions

D  the temperature that has the highest cell growth and highest enzymatic activity

A  they lack the correct pH

B  they lack the correct atmospheric pressure

C  they lack the correct salt concentration

D  they lack the correct enzymes

E  they lack the correct nucleus

A  obligate aerobe.

B  osmotolerant.

C  aerotolerant anaerobe.

D  acidophile.

E  facultative anaerobe

A  exponential or logarithmic phase

B  decline phase

C  lag phase

D  stationary phase

A  due to the accumulation of toxic metabolites

B  more than one of the above is correct

C  none of these are correct

D  due to the rise in cell density

E  due to the exhaustion of nutrients

A  alkaliphiles

B  neutrophiles

C  facultative anaerobes

D  obligate anaerobes

A  all of these are correct

B  bacterial motility.

C  adherence to certain surfaces.

D  bacterial conjugation.

E  none of these are correct

F  two of the choices are correct only

A  osmotolerant

B  aerotolerant anaerobe

C  acidophile

D  neutrophile

A  An individual that has survived the acute phase of the disease because of an effective immune system and/or because of effective treatment.

B  none of these are correct

C  An individual that is suffering maximum host cell damage and is manifesting clear and distinct symptoms of the particular disease.

D  An individual that has been exposed to an infectious microorganism and the microorganism is replicating, but microorganism numbers have not yet reached levels necessary to produce visible symptoms.

A  a chemoheterotroph

B  a heterotroph

C  a phototroph

D  a chemotroph

A  thermophile â growth at 50°C

B  hyperthermophiles â growth at 85°C

C  psychrophile â growth at 15°C

D  mesophile â growth at 0°C

A  psychrotrophs

B  acidophiles

C  mesophiles

D  thermophiles

A  a facultative anaerobe

B  an aerotolerant anaerobe

C  an obligate aerobe

D  an obligate anaerobe

A  mountain lake with a water temperature of 12 °C

B  contaminated plates left in a 35 °C incubator

C  yogurt cultured at room temperature

D  salt pond in the desert with a daytime temperature of 34 °C

A  25-40°C

B  >40°C

C  20-30°C

D  None of these

A  internal structure of live, living cells.

B  surface structure of fixed cells.

C  internal structure of fixed cells.

D  surface membranes of live, living cells.

A  scanning electron microscopy

B  fluorescence microscopy

C  bright-field microscopy

D  dark-field microscopy

E  phase-contrast microscopy

A  length.

B  light penetration

C  size

D  diameter.

A  lower

B  the same

C  higher

D  no relationship on

A  electron microscope

B  differential interference contrast microscope

C  darkfield microscope

D  brightfield microscope

A  radio wavelength

B  light with a long wavelength

C  light with a short wavelength

D  light with an intermediate wavelength

A  the microscope’s magnification.

B  the microscope’s clarity.

C  the microscope’s resolution.

D  the minimum cell size of a cell.

A  bright-field microscopy with staining

B  phase contrast microscopy

C  immunofluoresnce

D  differential Interference Contrast microscopy

A  scanning electron

B  phase-contrast

C  transmission electron

D  dark-field

E  bright-field

A  nose

B  throat

C  hand

D  colon

A  reproducing

B  attaching

C  dying

D  moving

E  floating

A  peptidoglycan

B  cell wall

C  flagellum

D  capsule

A  all of these

B  the production of exotoxins or endotoxins.

C  the presence of anatomical structures such as pili.

D  the production of various enzymatic activities such as hemolysins and leucocidins

A  destroyed the viral nucleic acid

B  none of these are correct

C  more than one of the above is correct

D  prevented the virus from leaving the host cell

E  prevented the virus from entering the host cell

F  prevented the virus from attaching to the host cell

A  cause target cells to function more efficiently

B  cause target cells to mutate

C  cause target cells to cell divide

D  more than one of the above is correct

E  none of these are correct

F  punch holes in target cells

A  endoplasmic reticulum

B  more than one of the above is correct

C  flagella

D  mitochondria

E  nucleus

F  chloroplasts

A  chemotaxis

B  tumbling

C  phototaxis

D  gliding motility

A  starvation

B  oxygen

C  water

D  nutrients

A  evade PAMPS activation

B  move to a new location

C  damage host cells

D  build biofilms

E  evade phagocytosis

A  protein

B  nucleic acids

C  lipids

D  carbohydrates

A  lophotrichous

B  peritrichous

C  monotrichous

D  monotrichous

A  they can cause antibiotic resistance

B  they are used in attachment

C  more than one of the above is correct

D  none of these are correct

E  they are used in motility

F  they are used in DNA exchange

A  thermophiles

B  barophiles

C  acidophiles

D  halotolerant

A  attachment increases the exchange of genes

B  attachment increases parasitic damage to the host

C  attachment increases motility

D  attachment increases endospore formation

A  endospores are more likely to die in nutritionally poor conditions

B  endospores are more resistant to temperature changes

C  endospores are more likely to survive treatment with disinfectants

D  endospores are more resistant to staining

A  plasma membrane

B  axial filament

C  fimbria

D  pilum

A  more than one of the above is correct

B  none of these are correct

C  flagellum

D  capsule

E  pore forming toxins

F  pili