Test 1

A  Watson

B  Pavlov

C  Thorndike

D  Skinner

A  Classical

B  Operant

C  Social

D  Secondary

A  glutamate – relief of pain

B  dopamine – facilitates learning

C  serotonin – contributes to memory

D  acetylcholine – produces feelings of pleasure

A  naturalistic observation

B  survey

C  case study

D  experiment

A  Every 6 minutes, a rat receives food for pressing a lever. Then the schedule changes to every 5 minutes, then to every 9 minutes.

B  Every 7th time a rat presses a lever, it receives food pellets.

C  A pigeon pecking a disk receives food after 4 pecks, then after 7, after 5, and then after 6.

D  A pigeon pecking a disk receives food every 6 minutes.

A  survey – Participants are systematically studied in their natural environment.

B  case study – A single individual or group is examined in detail.

C  naturalistic observation – Questionnaires or interviews are used to probe behavior or attitudes.

D  All of these choices are correctly matched.

A  Mary Whiton Calkins – first woman to earn a PhD in psychology

B  Mamie Phipps Clark – first woman of color to be awarded a PhD in Psychology

C  Mamie Phipps Clark – first female president of the APA

D  Margaret Floy Washburn – first woman of color to be awarded a PhD in Psychology

A  positron emission tomography (PET) – expose people to radiation

B  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) – does not necessarily localize the cognitive processes of interest

C  electroencephalogram (EEG) – expensive and time-consuming

D  computerized axial tomography (CAT) – expose people to radiation

A  children playing with a Bobo doll.

B  Little Albert and conditioned fear.

C  rats in Skinner boxes.

D  cats in puzzle boxes.

A  hearing; parietal

B  touch; frontal

C  hearing; frontal

D  touch; parietal

A  touch; vision

B  vision; hearing

C  hearing; touch

D  hearing; vision

A  behind; parietal

B  beneath; parietal

C  behind; occipital

D  beneath; occipital

A  informed speculation.

B  critical thinking.

C  the scientific method.

D  educated guessing.

A  neuroplasticity.

B  neurogenesis.

C  neuroadaptation.

D  neuromutability.

A  Wundt.

B  Descartes.

C  James.

D  Titchener.

A  agonists.

B  vesicles.

C  action potentials.

D  neurotransmitters.

A  axons.

B  synapses.

C  dendrites.

D  neurons.

A  dendrites.

B  glial fibers.

C  nodes of Ranvier.

D  axons.

A  secondary

B  primary

C  positive

D  partial

A  brainstem

B  corpus callosum

C  parietal lobe

D  frontal lobe

A  primary; secondary

B  positive; negative

C  negative; positive

D  secondary; primary

A  secondary reinforcer; primary reinforcer

B  interval schedule; ratio schedule

C  primary reinforcer; secondary reinforcer

D  ratio schedule; interval schedule

A  study of mental processes.

B  scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

C  science of behavior.

D  study of mental disorders and their treatment.

A  theory; hypothesis

B  experiment; theory

C  hypothesis; theory

D  experiment; hypothesis

A  biological

B  biopsychosocial

C  psychoanalytic

D  humanistic

A  Skinner.

B  Watson.

C  Bandura.

D  Pavlov.

A  behavioral

B  cognitive

C  sociocultural

D  psychoanalytic

A  depression; serotonin

B  depression; acetylcholine

C  Alzheimer’s disease; serotonin

D  Alzheimer’s disease; norpinephrine

A  behavioral

B  humanistic

C  cognitive

D  psychoanalytic

A  biological

B  cognitive

C  psychoanalytic

D  humanistic

A  endorphins

B  dopamine

C  adenosine

D  acetylcholine

A  reciting a shopping list out loud

B  determining whether a painting she is hanging is straight or crooked

C  understanding a pun

D  recognizing a familiar look on her boyfriend’s face

A  naturalistic observation

B  experimental method

C  case study

D  correlational research

A  reinforcers are delivered after pre-established time periods.

B  reinforcers are delivered after a changing number of responses.

C  reinforcers are delivered after a fluctuating period of time.

D  the specific reinforcer changes from trial to trial.

A  biological

B  psychoanalytic

C  sociocultural

D  cognitive

A  vision

B  smell

C  touch

D  hearing

A  whether children are allowed to play with the doll after the film

B  whether children see a film of an adult model or not

C  whether children mimic the model’s aggressive behavior

D  whether the model in the film behaves aggressively or not

A  Pavlov; operant

B  Skinner; operant

C  Skinner; classical

D  Pavlov; classical

A  dendrites.

B  glial cells.

C  myelin.

D  terminal buds.

A  GABA

B  norepinephrine

C  dopamine

D  serotonin

A  reading; speaking

B  reading; writing

C  language comprehension; language production

D  language production; language comprehension

A  latent learning.

B  insight.

C  observational learning.

D  shaping.

A  environmental determinism.

B  natural selection.

C  free will

D  unconscious conflict.

A  long, tube-like structure extending from a neuron’s cell body.

B  support cell in the nervous system.

C  branch-like fiber extending in clusters from a neuron’s cell body.

D  neuron’s cell body.

A  motor coordination

B  vision

C  hearing

D  decision-making

A  chemical.

B  signal.

C  joint.

D  gap.

A  dependent; experimental

B  independent; control

C  independent; dependent

D  dependent; independent

A  development.

B  learning.

C  perception.

D  cognition.

A  hypothesis.

B  variable.

C  theory.

D  operational definition.

A  variable-interval

B  fixed-interval

C  variable-ratio

D  fixed-ratio