Test 1

A  Watson

B  Thorndike

C  Skinner

D  Pavlov

A  Secondary

B  Classical

C  Social

D  Operant

A  acetylcholine – produces feelings of pleasure

B  glutamate – relief of pain

C  dopamine – facilitates learning

D  serotonin – contributes to memory

A  naturalistic observation

B  case study

C  experiment

D  survey

A  A pigeon pecking a disk receives food every 6 minutes.

B  A pigeon pecking a disk receives food after 4 pecks, then after 7, after 5, and then after 6.

C  Every 7th time a rat presses a lever, it receives food pellets.

D  Every 6 minutes, a rat receives food for pressing a lever. Then the schedule changes to every 5 minutes, then to every 9 minutes.

A  naturalistic observation – Questionnaires or interviews are used to probe behavior or attitudes.

B  survey – Participants are systematically studied in their natural environment.

C  All of these choices are correctly matched.

D  case study – A single individual or group is examined in detail.

A  Margaret Floy Washburn – first woman of color to be awarded a PhD in Psychology

B  Mamie Phipps Clark – first woman of color to be awarded a PhD in Psychology

C  Mary Whiton Calkins – first woman to earn a PhD in psychology

D  Mamie Phipps Clark – first female president of the APA

A  positron emission tomography (PET) – expose people to radiation

B  computerized axial tomography (CAT) – expose people to radiation

C  electroencephalogram (EEG) – expensive and time-consuming

D  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) – does not necessarily localize the cognitive processes of interest

A  rats in Skinner boxes.

B  Little Albert and conditioned fear.

C  children playing with a Bobo doll.

D  cats in puzzle boxes.

A  hearing; frontal

B  touch; frontal

C  touch; parietal

D  hearing; parietal

A  hearing; vision

B  vision; hearing

C  hearing; touch

D  touch; vision

A  behind; parietal

B  beneath; occipital

C  behind; occipital

D  beneath; parietal

A  the scientific method.

B  educated guessing.

C  informed speculation.

D  critical thinking.

A  neuroplasticity.

B  neuroadaptation.

C  neurogenesis.

D  neuromutability.

A  Wundt.

B  James.

C  Titchener.

D  Descartes.

A  neurotransmitters.

B  vesicles.

C  agonists.

D  action potentials.

A  axons.

B  dendrites.

C  neurons.

D  synapses.

A  dendrites.

B  nodes of Ranvier.

C  axons.

D  glial fibers.

A  secondary

B  primary

C  partial

D  positive

A  frontal lobe

B  parietal lobe

C  corpus callosum

D  brainstem

A  primary; secondary

B  negative; positive

C  positive; negative

D  secondary; primary

A  secondary reinforcer; primary reinforcer

B  primary reinforcer; secondary reinforcer

C  ratio schedule; interval schedule

D  interval schedule; ratio schedule

A  scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

B  study of mental processes.

C  study of mental disorders and their treatment.

D  science of behavior.

A  experiment; hypothesis

B  experiment; theory

C  hypothesis; theory

D  theory; hypothesis

A  humanistic

B  biological

C  psychoanalytic

D  biopsychosocial

A  Pavlov.

B  Bandura.

C  Skinner.

D  Watson.

A  psychoanalytic

B  cognitive

C  sociocultural

D  behavioral

A  depression; serotonin

B  depression; acetylcholine

C  Alzheimer’s disease; norpinephrine

D  Alzheimer’s disease; serotonin

A  behavioral

B  cognitive

C  humanistic

D  psychoanalytic

A  psychoanalytic

B  humanistic

C  biological

D  cognitive

A  dopamine

B  endorphins

C  acetylcholine

D  adenosine

A  understanding a pun

B  reciting a shopping list out loud

C  recognizing a familiar look on her boyfriend’s face

D  determining whether a painting she is hanging is straight or crooked

A  case study

B  correlational research

C  experimental method

D  naturalistic observation

A  the specific reinforcer changes from trial to trial.

B  reinforcers are delivered after pre-established time periods.

C  reinforcers are delivered after a fluctuating period of time.

D  reinforcers are delivered after a changing number of responses.

A  sociocultural

B  biological

C  psychoanalytic

D  cognitive

A  vision

B  touch

C  hearing

D  smell

A  whether the model in the film behaves aggressively or not

B  whether children mimic the model’s aggressive behavior

C  whether children see a film of an adult model or not

D  whether children are allowed to play with the doll after the film

A  Skinner; operant

B  Pavlov; classical

C  Pavlov; operant

D  Skinner; classical

A  glial cells.

B  dendrites.

C  terminal buds.

D  myelin.

A  dopamine

B  GABA

C  serotonin

D  norepinephrine

A  reading; speaking

B  reading; writing

C  language comprehension; language production

D  language production; language comprehension

A  latent learning.

B  shaping.

C  observational learning.

D  insight.

A  unconscious conflict.

B  environmental determinism.

C  free will

D  natural selection.

A  neuron’s cell body.

B  branch-like fiber extending in clusters from a neuron’s cell body.

C  support cell in the nervous system.

D  long, tube-like structure extending from a neuron’s cell body.

A  vision

B  hearing

C  motor coordination

D  decision-making

A  gap.

B  joint.

C  signal.

D  chemical.

A  independent; control

B  independent; dependent

C  dependent; independent

D  dependent; experimental

A  perception.

B  learning.

C  development.

D  cognition.

A  theory.

B  variable.

C  hypothesis.

D  operational definition.

A  variable-interval

B  fixed-interval

C  variable-ratio

D  fixed-ratio