Midterm 1

A  cinder cone

B  composite cone

C  pillow lava

D  shield volcano

A  lava tube

B  pillow lava

C  pyroclastic material

D  pahoehoe flow

A  The ease of flow. Magma has a higher viscosity if it has a higher temperature, is poor in silica, and contains a high amount dissolved gases.

B  Resistance to flow. Magma has a higher viscosity if it has a higher temperature, is rich in silica, and contains very few dissolved gases.

C  The ease of flow. Magma has a higher viscosity if it has a lower temperature, is rich in silica, and contains a high abundance of dissolved gases.

D  Resistance to flow. Magma has a higher viscosity if it has a lower temperature, is rich in silica, and contains very few dissolved gases.

A  calcium

B  iron

C  carbon

D  sodium

E  silicon

A  Aluminum

B  Iron

C  Silicon

D  Carbon

A  False

B  True

A  color

B  hardness on the Mohs scale

C  luster

D  streak

A  quartz

B  basalt

C  lava

D  magma

A  Glass

B  Granite

C  Ice

D  Basalt

A  They must have high economic value

B  They can be liquid

C  They are only present in igneous rocks

D  They have to be naturally occuring

A  Plate B will subduct because it is more dense

B  Plate A will subduct because it is less dense

C  Plate B will subduct because it is warmer

D  Plate A will subduct because it is warmer

A  core

B  crust

C  ocean water

D  mantle

A  The Earth’s crust

B  The Earth’s core

C  The Sun

D  The Moon

A  every 100,000 to several million years

B  every 1,000 to 10,000 years

C  every 10,000 to 50,000 years

D  every 50,000 to 100,000 years

A  the single ocean that existed after the Pangaean supercontinent formed

B  the ocean that formed as Pangaea began to break apart

C  the supercontinent that existed after the Pangaean ocean formed

D  the northern half of Pangaea that formed after Pangaea began to break apart

A  silicate minerals

B  water

C  oxygen gas

D  living organisms

A  convergent plate boundary

B  divergent plate boundary

C  all three of the answers

D  hot spot

A  Convection

B  Seafloor spreading

C  Melting

D  Subduction

A  limestone; olivine

B  granite; basalt

C  olivine; gabbro

D  basalt; granite

A  The Earth would increase in mass.

B  The Earth would decrease in volume.

C  The Earth would increase in volume.

D  The Earth would decrease in mass.

A  The lithosphere is part of the crust.

B  The lithosphere is a special type of crust.

C  The crust is a special type of lithosphere.

D  The crust is part of the lithosphere.

A  below Earth’s surface, in the upper mantle

B  below Earth’s surface, near the core

C  at Earth’s surface

D  below the asthenosphere

A  the evidence of past isthmian links which allowed land animals to reach other landmasses across the ocean

B  the presence of Glossopterison fossils on five different continents

C  the apparent jigsaw-like fit of continents together, as in the case of South America and Africa

D  the distribution of coal from tropical swamps of the past among North America, Europe, northern Africa, and Asia

A  metamorphic rocks

B  sedimentary rocks

C  intrusive igneous rocks

D  extrusive igneous rocks

A  Magma is located above the surface, lava is located below the surface

B  Magma has a lower temperature than lava

C  Magma is located below the surface, lava is located above the surface

D  There is no difference between them

A  Subduction

B  Erosion

C  Formation of new igneous rocks

D  Volcanic eruptions

A  crust

B  outer core

C  inner core

D  mantle

A  inner core

B  upper mantle

C  outer core

D  lower mantle

E  crust

A  silicon and oxygen

B  carbon and oxygen

C  iron and nickel

D  hydrogen and helium

A  hydrogen and helium

B  iron and nickel

C  oxygen and silicon

D  carbon and oxygen

A  the sun and heat inside the Earth

B  the sun and Jupiter

C  the Earth’s rotation and the Moon

D  the Earth’s orbit around the sun and its rotation

A  1 day

B  10 minutes

C  1 hour

D  1 month

A  plutonism

B  catastrophism

C  plate tectonics

D  uniformitarianism

A  crystalline

B  changing

C  stagnant

D  inhabited by humans

A  True

B  False

A  lithosphere; mesosphere

B  mantle; crust

C  lithosphere; asthenosphere

D  asthenosphere; lithosphere

A  a human’s fingernail grows

B  a human can walk

C  a human can run

D  a snail crawls

A  divergent; oceanic; convergent

B  convergent; continental; divergent

C  divergent; continental; convergent

D  convergent; oceanic; divergent

A  divergent plate boundary

B  sea level rising

C  transform plate boundary

D  convergent plate boundary

A  hypotheses

B  theories

C  guesses

D  observations

A  hypothesis

B  theory formation

C  observation

D  testing