Final Lecture Exam

A  exfoliative toxin

B  hemolysin

C  erythrogenic toxin

D  toxic shock syndrome toxin

E  enterotoxin

A  human to human

B  animal to human

C  All of the choices are correct.

D  fomites to human

E  soil to human

A  scalded skin syndrome

B  furuncles and carbuncles

C  acne

D  meningitis

E  impetigo

A  All of thechoices are correct.

B  lack spores

C  produce coagulase

D  have capsules

E  are motile

A  Direct contact

B  Mechanical vectors

C  Body fluids

D  Blood

E  Fomites

A  chickenpox

B  shingles

C  infectious mononucleosis

D  herpes keratitis

E  herpes labialis

A  is a childhood febrile disease with a bright red rash on the cheeks

B  has a maculopapular rash that lasts for days to weeks

C  cannot be prevented at this time with vaccination

D  is caused by Parvovirus B19

E  All of the choices are correct.

A  Treatment is with a broad-spectrum topical antibiotic

B  Transmitted through both direct and indirect contact

C  Can be caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, or Neisseria gonorrhoeae

D  Can be caused by Streptococcus pyogenes or Streptococcus pneumoniae

E  Has a clear discharge

A  Is given in early childhood

B  Contains attenuated virus

C  Contains toxoids

D  Protects against three different viral diseases

E  None of the choices are correct.

A    

B  exfoliative toxinB

C  staphylokinase

D  catalase

E  lactase

F  exfoliative toxinA

A  appears as a mononucleosis-like illness in adults

B  starts with a high fever

C  a rash appears on the fourth day

D  causes roseola in infants and young children

E  it is a very rare form of herpesvirus

A  vast numbers of organisms are found on expansive, dry areas of the skin

B  the skin microbiota changes constantly over time

C  All of the choices are correct.

D  high salt areas of the skin limit bacterial growth

E  the skin microbiome is much more varied than previously thought

A  Prophylactic antibiotics

B  Good hygiene

C  Ivermectin treatment

D  Wear insect repellent

A  organisms have a unique combination of metabolic enzymes that are displayed when color-changing dyes are utilized to demonstrate their physiological response to specific substrates

B  organisms will not grow on certain media types and can be selected for on others

C  bacteriophages infect certain bacterial cells and the specificity can be used to identify the organism

D  organisms display specific antigens that can be bound by color-changing antibodies that allow the clinician to locate and identify the pathogen

A  Labeled identicalDNA

B  Labeledcomplementary DNA

C  Labeledcomplementary RNA

D  Unlabeledcomplementary DNA

A  Radioimmunoassay (RIA)

B  Immunelectrophoresis

C  Western blot

D  Weil-Felix

E  Immunochromatography

A  sensitivity

B  agglutination

C  specificity

D  precipitation

E  cross reaction

A  Specificity

B  Sensitivity

C  Cross reaction

D  Precipitation

E  Agglutination

A  specificity

B  cross reaction

C  sensitivity

D  precipitation

E  agglutination

A  Treponema pallidum

B  Salmonella

C  Streptococcus

D  Pseudomonas

E  Clostridium

A  Agglutination

B  Cross reactions

C  Precipitation

D  Sensitivity

E  Specificity

A  two known antibodies andone known antigen

B  one known antibody, one unknown antibody, and an unknown antigen

C  a known antigen, an unknown antibody, and a known antibody

D  two known antibodies andone unknown antigen

E  All of the choices are correct.

A  isograft

B  autograft

C  xenograft

D  hypograft

E  allograft

A  is at risk for a pregnancy resulting in hemolytic disease of the newborn

B  All of thechoices are correct.

C  is in the majority of the population with regard to Rh status

D  inherited two dominant genes

E  can never have an Rh+ baby

A  The Arthus reaction is a local response

B  Serum sickness is a systemic response

C  Involves production of IgG and IgE antibodies

D  Involves an immune complex reaction

E  Antigen-antibody complexes are deposited in the basement membrane of epithelial tissues

A  Antibody mediated

B  Both antibody mediated and immune complex mediated

C  Immune complex mediated

D  Both anaphylaxis and antibody mediated

E  Anaphylaxis

A  histopathology

B  hemopathology

C  humoralpathology

D  epidemiology

E  immunopathology

A  hinge region

B  variable region

C  light region

D  joining region

E  constant region

A  All of thechoices are correct.

B  glycoproteins, called MHC antigens, found on all body cells

C  a set of genes that code for MHC glycoproteins

D  found on the third chromosome

E  located in the thymus gland

A  allergens

B  autoantigens

C  None of the choices are correct.

D  superantigens

E  heterophilic antigens

A  secrete antibodies

B  directly destroy target cells

C  activate B cells and other T cells

D  suppress immune reactions

E  function in allergic reactions

A  increases the availability of iron

B  increases phagocytosis

C  stimulates hematopoiesis

D  increases metabolism

E  reduces the ability of temperature-sensitive organisms to multiply

A  leukotrines

B  complement

C  pyrogens

D  lysozymes

E  interferons

A  Urethra, Endocrine glands, brain

B  Vagina, Urethra, Mouth, Skin, Nose

C  Liver, Endocrine glands, brain

D  Liver, Endocrine glands, Skin

A  Exocytosis

B  Encapsulation

C  Adhesion

D  Phagocytosis

E  Margination

A  chemotherapy

B  selective toxicity

C  prophylaxis

D  synergism

E  nephrotoxicity

A  false

B  true

A  erythromycin

B  penicillin

C  vancomycin

D  isoniazid

E  cephalosporin

A  hydrogen peroxide

B  boiling water

C  pasteurization

D  chlorination

E  moist heat autoclave

A  100°C for 30 minutes

B  121°C at 15 psi for 15 minutes

C  63°C for 30 minutes

D  71.6°C for 15 seconds

E  160°C for 2 hours

A  Ethylene dioxide

B  Ultraviolet light

C  X rays

D  Formaldehyde

E  Moist heat

A  Bactericidal—kills bacteria
Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria

B  Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

C  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—kills bacteria

D  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

A  Include adenine and guanine

B  Always paired with a specific pyrimidine

C  Found within nucleotides

D  Are nitrogenous bases

E  Only found in DNA, not in RNA

A  the ability to create life from scratch raises a multitude of issues

B  mutations in manufactured cells will cause problems for existing organisms

C  medical insurance costs will likely skyrocket

D  oil and gas prices will increase as a result of the decreased demand for fossil fuels

A  proteome

B  genotype

C  phenotype

D  proteotype

E  genome

A  true

B  false

A  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, and requires oxygen

B  None of the choices are correct.

C  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, without using oxygen

D  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, and requires oxygen

E  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, without using oxygen

A  Glycolysis

B  Preparation for Krebs cycle

C  Krebs cycle

D  Electron transport system

A  2 ATP

B  42 ATP

C  24 ATP

D  3 ATP

E  38 ATP

A  24 ATP

B  36 ATP

C  38 ATP

D  3 ATP

E  2 ATP

A  6

B  5

C  3

D  4

A  temperatures above 37°C

B  oxygen

C  high salt

D  carbon dioxide

E  high acidity

A  Glucose

B  CO 2

C  NH 3

D  H 2O

E  CH 4

A  size of the pores in the membrane

B  substrate concentration

C  carrier proteins in the membrane

D  the size of the cell

E  osmotic pressure

A  spikes

B  peplomers

C  envelopes

D  prophages

E  capsomeres

A  bacteriophages

B  viroids

C  prions

D  All of the choices infect bacteria.

E  satellite viruses

A  Inoculation ofembryonated eggs, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

B  Use of animalinoculation, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

C  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

D  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of animalinoculation, Inoculation ofembryonated eggs

A  chronic latent viruses

B  cytopathic

C  inclusion bodies

D  oncoviruses

E  syncytia

A  syncytia

B  oncoviruses

C  inclusion bodies

D  chronic latent viruses

E  cytopathic

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  metabolically inactive

C  resistant to destruction by radiation

D  living structures

E  resistant to heat and chemical destruction

A  false

B  true

A  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

B  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Cell membrane

C  Teichoic acids, Thick layer of peptidoglycan, Cell membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

D  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane

A  Hook, basal body, filament

B  Filament, hook, basal body

C  Basal body, filament, hook

D  Filament, basal body, hook

E  Basal body, hook, filament

A  aerobic

B  autotrophic

C  fastidious

D  microaerophilic

E  anaerobic

A  Ignaz Semmelweis

B  Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

C  Robert Koch

D  Louis Pasteur

E  Joseph Lister

A  Escherichia coli producing human insulin

B  Egyptians using moldy bread on wounds

C  Bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitors

D  A microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteria

E  Public health officials monitoring diseases in a community

A  Aseptic techniques could reduce the number of wound infections in the surgical setting.

B  Biofilms can form on implanted objects in the human body and be responsible for infection.

C  Very little DNA is transcribed into RNA that is then translated into proteins.

D  Enzymes found in bacteria can be used to cut DNA.

A  infectious particles

B  parasitic worms

C  protozoa

D  bacteria

E  molds

A  deoxyribose

B  ribose

C  glucose

D  glycogen

E  fructose