Lecture Exam 4 (Ch 12, 13, 14)

A  atopic

B  antibody mediated

C  delayed

D  systemic anaphylactic

E  T-cell mediated

A  maternal Rh ˗ cells enter an Rh + fetus

B  fetal Rh + cells enter an Rh – mother

C  fetal Rh + cells enter an Rh + mother

D  fetal Rh ˗ cells enter an Rh + mother

E  maternal Rh + cells enter an Rh -fetus

A  transfusion reaction

B  hypersensitivity

C  immunodeficiency

D  desensitization

E  autoimmune disease

A  histopathology

B  epidemiology

C  hemopathology

D  immunopathology

E  humoralpathology

A  IgM

B  complement

C  foreign cells

D  IgG

E  IgE

A  type I diabetes

B  rheumatic fever

C  systemic lupus erythematosus

D  Graves’ disease

E  metastatic cancer

A  xenograft

B  allograft

C  autograft

D    

E  hypograft

F  isograft

A  Injectant

B  Ingestant

C  Contactant

D  None of the choices are correct.

E  Inhalant

A  wheal and flare reaction in skin

B  pruritus and headache

C  increased sensitivity to pain

D  constriction of smooth muscle of bronchi and the intestine

E  relaxes vascular smooth muscle

A  type IV only

B  type I, type II, type III, and type IV

C  type I and type IV

D  type I only

E  type I, type II, and type III

A  a deficiency in T-cell development

B  autoantibodies and T cells

C  graft rejection

D  IgE and mast cells

E  a transfusion reaction

A  Sneezing

B  Rashes

C  Contact dermatitis

D  Rhinitis

E  Diarrhea

A  block synthesis of leukotrienes

B  inhibit the activity of lymphocytes

C  reverse spasms of respiratory smooth muscles

D  bind to histamine receptors on target organs

E  relieve inflammatory symptoms

A  Degranulation

B  Bonding of allergen to adjacent IgE binding sites on mast cells and basophils

C  Prostaglandins cause vasodilation and increased vascular permeability

D  Binding of IgE by the Fc region to mast cells and basophils

E  Histamine acts on smooth muscle

A  acetylcholine receptors on skeletal muscle

B  sodium pump proteins in the cell membrane

C  myelin sheath cells of the nervous system

D  cells in thyroid follicles

E  acetylcholine receptors on smooth muscle

A  Serum sickness is a systemic response

B  Antigen-antibody complexes are deposited in the basement membrane of epithelial tissues

C  Involves an immune complex reaction

D  The Arthus reaction is a local response

E  Involves production of IgG and IgE antibodies

A  allergic rhinitis

B  asthma

C  atopic dermatitis

D  anaphylaxis

E  eczema

A  Skin graft

B  Organ transplantation

C  Blood transfusion

D  All of thechoices are correct.

E  Both skin graft and organ transplantation

A  degranulation

B  sensitization

C  tissue matching

D  None of thechoices are correct.

E  desensitization

A  Histamine acts on smooth muscle

B  Degranulation

C  Bonding of allergen to adjacent IgE binding sites on mast cells and basophils

D  Prostaglandins cause vasodilation and increased vascular permeability

E  Binding of IgE by the Fc region to mast cells and basophils

A  Hypogammaglobulinemia

B  Formation of autoantibodies

C  None of the choices are correct.

D  Host rejection of graft

E  Graft versus host disease

A  Immune complex mediated

B  Both antibody mediated and immune complex mediated

C  Both anaphylaxis and antibody mediated

D  Anaphylaxis

E  Antibody mediated

A  tuberculin reaction

B  myasthenia gravis

C  rheumatoid arthritis

D  multiple sclerosis

E  Graves’ disease

A  prostaglandin

B  histamine

C  platelet-activating factor

D  leukotriene

E  serotonin

A  disulfide bonds between polypeptide chains

B  two identical light polypeptide chains

C  a variable and constant region on each polypeptide chain

D  two identical heavy polypeptide chains

E  four antigen binding sites

A  hormonal signals that initiate development

B  release of mature lymphocytes to begin migration to various lymphoid organs

C  All of the choices are correct.

D  T cells maturing in the thymus

E  B cells maturing in bone marrow sites

A  terminal

B  Fab

C  Fc

D  variable

E  hinge

A  activate B cells and other T cells

B  directly destroy target cells

C  function in allergic reactions

D  secrete antibodies

E  suppress immune reactions

A  include dendritic cells

B  engulf and modify antigen to be more immunogenic

C  hold and present processed antigen on their cell membrane surface

D  All of the choices are correct.

E  include macrophages

A  false

B  true

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  binding of T-cell to a site on the antigen

C  interleukin-1 activating the T helper cell

D  typically a protein antigen

E    

F  binding of T-cell to a class II MHC receptor on a macrophage

A  IgG

B  IgD

C  IgE

D  IgM

E  IgA

A  activate B cells and other T cells

B  function in allergic reactions

C  secrete antibodies

D  directly destroy target cells

E  suppress immune reactions

A  antigen binding site

B  epitope

C  variable region

D  hapten

E  None of the choices are correct.

A  receive and transmit chemical messages among other cells of the system

B  are the result of genetic expression

C  All of the choices are correct.

D  function in recognition of self molecules

E  aid in cellular development

A  have large polymers made up of repeating subunits

B  are cells or large, complex molecules

C  have molecular complexity

D  are foreign to the immune system

E  are large molecules with a minimum molecular weight of 1,000

A  heterophilic antigens

B  allergens

C  superantigens

D  None of the choices are correct.

E  autoantigens

A  delayed hypersensitivity T cells

B  natural killer (NK) cells

C  cytotoxic T cells

D  suppressor T cells

E  helper T cells

A  Cytotoxic T cells

B  Helper T cells

C  Antigen-presenting cells

D  Plasma cells

E  B cells

A  certain secreted complement components

B  all HLA antigens

C  All of the choices are correct.

D  self receptors recognized by T lymphocytes

E  receptors located primarily on macrophages and B cells

A  false

B  true

A  has 10 antigen binding sites

B  contains a central J chain

C  can serve as a B-cell receptor

D  is a dimer

E  is the first class synthesized by a plasma cell

A  cell markers found in some member of a species but not in other members

B  None of the choices are correct.

C  bacterial toxins that activate T cells at a 100 times greater rate than other antigens

D  those that evoke allergic reactions

E  body tissues that the immune system mistakes as foreign

A  true

B  false

A  IgD

B  IgG

C  IgA

D  IgM

E  IgE

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  gain tolerance to self by destruction of lymphocytes that could react against self

C  develop into clones of B and T cells with extreme variations of specificity

D  possess MHC antigens for recognizing self

E  have membrane receptors that recognize foreign antigens

A  a set of genes that code for MHC glycoproteins

B  glycoproteins, called MHC antigens, found on all body cells

C  found on the third chromosome

D  All of the choices are correct.

E  located in the thymus gland

F    

A  leukocytes

B  eosinophils

C  red blood cells

D  epithelial cells

E  islet of Langerhans cells

A  IgM only

B  IgD only

C  IgD and IgE

D  IgG only

E  IgM and IgD

A  Eyes

B  Urinary tract

C  Respiratory tract

D  Skin

E  Digestive tract

A  increases metabolism

B  increases phagocytosis

C  increases the availability of iron

D  reduces the ability of temperature-sensitive organisms to multiply

E  stimulates hematopoiesis

A  Involves phagocytic cells (neutrophils and macrophages)
Involves recognition of foreign agents by their pathogen-associated molecular patterns

B  Includes chemicals such as lysozyme and lactic acid
Involves barriers at portals of entry
Examples include the ciliated epithelium of the respiratory passages, excretion of urine, and production of tears

C  Involves barriers at portals of entry
Involves phagocytic cells (neutrophils and macrophages)
Involves recognition of foreign agents by their pathogen-associated molecular patterns

D  Includes chemicals such as lysozyme and lactic acid
Involves recognition of foreign agents by their pathogen-associated molecular patterns

A  basophils

B  lymphocytes

C  neutrophils

D  monocytes

E  eosinophils

A  cytotoxic T cells

B  primary phagocytes

C  killer T cells

D  macrophages

E  neutrophils

A  dendritic cells

B  platelets

C  macrophages

D  mast cells

E  eosinophils

A  Neutrophils

B  Eosinophils

C  Basophils

D  Monocytes

E  Lymphocytes

A  pain

B  swelling

C  chills

D  redness

E  warmth

A  histamine

B  digestive enzymes

C  antigens

D  lysozyme

E  antibodies

A  None of the choices are correct.

B  granulocytes

C  agranulocytes

D  leukocytes

E  monocytes

A  Mobilize and attract immune components to injury site

B  Destroy microbes

C  Cause a fever

D  Block further invasion

E  Start tissue repair

A  loss of blood due to hemorrhaging

B  production of white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets

C  migration of white blood cells from the blood out to the tissues

D  plugging of broken vessels to stop bleeding

E  production of only red blood cells

A  unbroken skin

B  hairs

C  tears

D  mucus

E  T cells

A  is the liquid portion of blood in which blood cells are suspended

B  All of the choices are correct.

C  is mostly water

D  contains fibrinogen

E  contains albumin and globulins

A  Calor—warmth

B  Tumor—cancer

C  None of these are mismatched.

D  Rubor—redness

E  Dolar—pain

A  It can last hours to years.

B  Basophils and mast cells release histamine.

C  Fever could be beneficial to inhibiting the pathogen.

D  Pyrogens cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability.

E  Serotonin causes smooth muscle contraction.

A  respiratory tract

B  digestive tract

C  eyes

D  skin

E  urinary tract

A  Intracellular fluid

B  Extracellular fluid

C  Bloodstream

D  Lymphatic system

A  Basophils; T cells

B  B cells; T cells

C  T cells; B cells

D  B cells; neutrophils

E  Monocytes; basophils

A  Develop from undifferentiated stem cells

B  Include leukocytes that are either granulocytes or agranulocytes

C  Include Kupffer cells

D  Include erythrocytes that, when mature, lose their nuclei

E  After birth, produced in red bone marrow sites

A  diapedesis

B  vasodilation

C  motility

D  phagocytosis

E  chemotaxis

A  thymus

B  tonsils

C  GALT

D  spleen

E  lymph nodes

A  Internal cellular and chemical defenses
Phagocytosis and inflammation
Anatomical and physiological barriers

B  Host defenses due to B and T cells and their products
Use of drugs and antibiotics

C  Internal cellular and chemical defenses
Use of drugs and antibiotics
Host defenses due to B and T cells and their products

D  Host defenses due to B and T cells and their products
Use of drugs and antibiotics
Anatomical and physiological barriers

A  is toxic to pathogens

B  None of the choices are correct.

C  creates a physical barrier against pathogens

D  physically restricts pathogens to a specific region

E  destroys pathogens