Lecture Exam 4 (Ch 12, 13, 14)

A  systemic anaphylactic

B  T-cell mediated

C  antibody mediated

D  delayed

E  atopic

A  fetal Rh ˗ cells enter an Rh + mother

B  maternal Rh + cells enter an Rh -fetus

C  maternal Rh ˗ cells enter an Rh + fetus

D  fetal Rh + cells enter an Rh + mother

E  fetal Rh + cells enter an Rh – mother

A  transfusion reaction

B  hypersensitivity

C  autoimmune disease

D  desensitization

E  immunodeficiency

A  humoralpathology

B  epidemiology

C  hemopathology

D  histopathology

E  immunopathology

A  IgE

B  foreign cells

C  complement

D  IgM

E  IgG

A  metastatic cancer

B  rheumatic fever

C  Graves’ disease

D  type I diabetes

E  systemic lupus erythematosus

A  allograft

B  autograft

C  isograft

D  xenograft

E  hypograft

F    

A  Ingestant

B  None of the choices are correct.

C  Contactant

D  Inhalant

E  Injectant

A  pruritus and headache

B  constriction of smooth muscle of bronchi and the intestine

C  increased sensitivity to pain

D  relaxes vascular smooth muscle

E  wheal and flare reaction in skin

A  type I, type II, and type III

B  type I only

C  type IV only

D  type I, type II, type III, and type IV

E  type I and type IV

A  a transfusion reaction

B  IgE and mast cells

C  autoantibodies and T cells

D  a deficiency in T-cell development

E  graft rejection

A  Rhinitis

B  Contact dermatitis

C  Diarrhea

D  Sneezing

E  Rashes

A  inhibit the activity of lymphocytes

B  relieve inflammatory symptoms

C  reverse spasms of respiratory smooth muscles

D  block synthesis of leukotrienes

E  bind to histamine receptors on target organs

A  Histamine acts on smooth muscle

B  Binding of IgE by the Fc region to mast cells and basophils

C  Degranulation

D  Bonding of allergen to adjacent IgE binding sites on mast cells and basophils

E  Prostaglandins cause vasodilation and increased vascular permeability

A  acetylcholine receptors on skeletal muscle

B  acetylcholine receptors on smooth muscle

C  cells in thyroid follicles

D  myelin sheath cells of the nervous system

E  sodium pump proteins in the cell membrane

A  Involves production of IgG and IgE antibodies

B  The Arthus reaction is a local response

C  Involves an immune complex reaction

D  Serum sickness is a systemic response

E  Antigen-antibody complexes are deposited in the basement membrane of epithelial tissues

A  allergic rhinitis

B  atopic dermatitis

C  eczema

D  asthma

E  anaphylaxis

A  Organ transplantation

B  All of thechoices are correct.

C  Both skin graft and organ transplantation

D  Skin graft

E  Blood transfusion

A  degranulation

B  sensitization

C  tissue matching

D  None of thechoices are correct.

E  desensitization

A  Bonding of allergen to adjacent IgE binding sites on mast cells and basophils

B  Binding of IgE by the Fc region to mast cells and basophils

C  Prostaglandins cause vasodilation and increased vascular permeability

D  Degranulation

E  Histamine acts on smooth muscle

A  Graft versus host disease

B  None of the choices are correct.

C  Formation of autoantibodies

D  Host rejection of graft

E  Hypogammaglobulinemia

A  Both anaphylaxis and antibody mediated

B  Antibody mediated

C  Anaphylaxis

D  Immune complex mediated

E  Both antibody mediated and immune complex mediated

A  multiple sclerosis

B  myasthenia gravis

C  Graves’ disease

D  tuberculin reaction

E  rheumatoid arthritis

A  leukotriene

B  platelet-activating factor

C  prostaglandin

D  serotonin

E  histamine

A  two identical heavy polypeptide chains

B  two identical light polypeptide chains

C  a variable and constant region on each polypeptide chain

D  four antigen binding sites

E  disulfide bonds between polypeptide chains

A  T cells maturing in the thymus

B  hormonal signals that initiate development

C  release of mature lymphocytes to begin migration to various lymphoid organs

D  All of the choices are correct.

E  B cells maturing in bone marrow sites

A  Fc

B  variable

C  hinge

D  terminal

E  Fab

A  function in allergic reactions

B  directly destroy target cells

C  suppress immune reactions

D  secrete antibodies

E  activate B cells and other T cells

A  hold and present processed antigen on their cell membrane surface

B  include dendritic cells

C  All of the choices are correct.

D  engulf and modify antigen to be more immunogenic

E  include macrophages

A  false

B  true

A  typically a protein antigen

B  binding of T-cell to a class II MHC receptor on a macrophage

C  interleukin-1 activating the T helper cell

D    

E  All of the choices are correct.

F  binding of T-cell to a site on the antigen

A  IgA

B  IgD

C  IgG

D  IgE

E  IgM

A  function in allergic reactions

B  secrete antibodies

C  activate B cells and other T cells

D  suppress immune reactions

E  directly destroy target cells

A  hapten

B  None of the choices are correct.

C  antigen binding site

D  variable region

E  epitope

A  function in recognition of self molecules

B  receive and transmit chemical messages among other cells of the system

C  All of the choices are correct.

D  are the result of genetic expression

E  aid in cellular development

A  have large polymers made up of repeating subunits

B  are large molecules with a minimum molecular weight of 1,000

C  have molecular complexity

D  are foreign to the immune system

E  are cells or large, complex molecules

A  allergens

B  superantigens

C  None of the choices are correct.

D  autoantigens

E  heterophilic antigens

A  suppressor T cells

B  delayed hypersensitivity T cells

C  cytotoxic T cells

D  natural killer (NK) cells

E  helper T cells

A  B cells

B  Plasma cells

C  Cytotoxic T cells

D  Antigen-presenting cells

E  Helper T cells

A  certain secreted complement components

B  receptors located primarily on macrophages and B cells

C  All of the choices are correct.

D  self receptors recognized by T lymphocytes

E  all HLA antigens

A  true

B  false

A  can serve as a B-cell receptor

B  is a dimer

C  contains a central J chain

D  is the first class synthesized by a plasma cell

E  has 10 antigen binding sites

A  bacterial toxins that activate T cells at a 100 times greater rate than other antigens

B  those that evoke allergic reactions

C  None of the choices are correct.

D  body tissues that the immune system mistakes as foreign

E  cell markers found in some member of a species but not in other members

A  true

B  false

A  IgM

B  IgG

C  IgE

D  IgD

E  IgA

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  have membrane receptors that recognize foreign antigens

C  develop into clones of B and T cells with extreme variations of specificity

D  possess MHC antigens for recognizing self

E  gain tolerance to self by destruction of lymphocytes that could react against self

A  a set of genes that code for MHC glycoproteins

B  All of the choices are correct.

C    

D  found on the third chromosome

E  glycoproteins, called MHC antigens, found on all body cells

F  located in the thymus gland

A  islet of Langerhans cells

B  red blood cells

C  epithelial cells

D  leukocytes

E  eosinophils

A  IgM only

B  IgM and IgD

C  IgD and IgE

D  IgD only

E  IgG only

A  Digestive tract

B  Respiratory tract

C  Eyes

D  Skin

E  Urinary tract

A  reduces the ability of temperature-sensitive organisms to multiply

B  increases metabolism

C  increases phagocytosis

D  increases the availability of iron

E  stimulates hematopoiesis

A  Involves barriers at portals of entry
Involves phagocytic cells (neutrophils and macrophages)
Involves recognition of foreign agents by their pathogen-associated molecular patterns

B  Includes chemicals such as lysozyme and lactic acid
Involves barriers at portals of entry
Examples include the ciliated epithelium of the respiratory passages, excretion of urine, and production of tears

C  Includes chemicals such as lysozyme and lactic acid
Involves recognition of foreign agents by their pathogen-associated molecular patterns

D  Involves phagocytic cells (neutrophils and macrophages)
Involves recognition of foreign agents by their pathogen-associated molecular patterns

A  basophils

B  monocytes

C  lymphocytes

D  eosinophils

E  neutrophils

A  neutrophils

B  macrophages

C  cytotoxic T cells

D  primary phagocytes

E  killer T cells

A  eosinophils

B  platelets

C  mast cells

D  macrophages

E  dendritic cells

A  Basophils

B  Neutrophils

C  Lymphocytes

D  Eosinophils

E  Monocytes

A  warmth

B  pain

C  redness

D  chills

E  swelling

A  digestive enzymes

B  antigens

C  histamine

D  antibodies

E  lysozyme

A  granulocytes

B  monocytes

C  agranulocytes

D  None of the choices are correct.

E  leukocytes

A  Cause a fever

B  Block further invasion

C  Start tissue repair

D  Destroy microbes

E  Mobilize and attract immune components to injury site

A  migration of white blood cells from the blood out to the tissues

B  production of only red blood cells

C  production of white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets

D  loss of blood due to hemorrhaging

E  plugging of broken vessels to stop bleeding

A  T cells

B  unbroken skin

C  hairs

D  tears

E  mucus

A  contains fibrinogen

B  is the liquid portion of blood in which blood cells are suspended

C  is mostly water

D  contains albumin and globulins

E  All of the choices are correct.

A  Rubor—redness

B  None of these are mismatched.

C  Dolar—pain

D  Calor—warmth

E  Tumor—cancer

A  Basophils and mast cells release histamine.

B  Fever could be beneficial to inhibiting the pathogen.

C  It can last hours to years.

D  Serotonin causes smooth muscle contraction.

E  Pyrogens cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability.

A  skin

B  eyes

C  urinary tract

D  digestive tract

E  respiratory tract

A  Extracellular fluid

B  Intracellular fluid

C  Bloodstream

D  Lymphatic system

A  B cells; neutrophils

B  T cells; B cells

C  Basophils; T cells

D  Monocytes; basophils

E  B cells; T cells

A  Include erythrocytes that, when mature, lose their nuclei

B  Include leukocytes that are either granulocytes or agranulocytes

C  After birth, produced in red bone marrow sites

D  Include Kupffer cells

E  Develop from undifferentiated stem cells

A  motility

B  chemotaxis

C  diapedesis

D  vasodilation

E  phagocytosis

A  thymus

B  tonsils

C  spleen

D  lymph nodes

E  GALT

A  Internal cellular and chemical defenses
Phagocytosis and inflammation
Anatomical and physiological barriers

B  Internal cellular and chemical defenses
Use of drugs and antibiotics
Host defenses due to B and T cells and their products

C  Host defenses due to B and T cells and their products
Use of drugs and antibiotics

D  Host defenses due to B and T cells and their products
Use of drugs and antibiotics
Anatomical and physiological barriers

A  None of the choices are correct.

B  creates a physical barrier against pathogens

C  is toxic to pathogens

D  destroys pathogens

E  physically restricts pathogens to a specific region