Midterm 2

A  Arctic

B  Southern

C  Atlantic

D  Pacific

E  Indian

A  Atlantic

B  Arctic

C  Pacific

D  Indian

E  Southern

A  reflected wave.

B  tide.

C  capillary wave.

D  tsunami.

A  water depth is greater than 1/2 the wavelength

B  waves are reflected off an obstruction

C  a wave train overtakes another wave train

D  waves approach the shore at an angle

E  wave steepness exceeds a critical value

A  wave refraction in deep water

B  thermohaline stratification

C  principle of constant proportions

D  SOFAR channel for safe navigation

E  principle of decreasing orbital motion with depth

A  increases because the energy of the wave must be contained within a smaller water column in shallow water.

B  increases because the wavelength of the wave must be contained within a smaller water column in shallow water.

C  decreases because the energy of the wave must be contained within a smaller water column in shallow water.

D  decreases because the wavelength of the wave must be contained within a smaller water column in shallow water.

A  the vertical distance between a wave crest and an adjacent trough

B  the horizontal distance between adjacent wave crests

C  wave height divided by wavelength

D  the time it takes for one full wavelength to pass a given point

E  it’s the same as the wave frequency

F  the number of waves that pass a given point in a certain amount of time

A  wave period

B  waveform

C  wave steepness

D  wave drift

E  wave base

A  seismic evenets

B  Earth’s rotation

C  The gravity between the Moon and the Earth

D  landslides

E  winds blowing across the ocean surface

A  internal

B  ocean

C  tsunami

D  tidal

E  splash

A  tidal

B  splash

C  turbidity

D  ocean

E  internal

A  longitudinal waves

B  capillary waves

C  refracted waves

D  orbital waves

E  transverse waves

A  South Equatorial Current

B  Antarctic Circumpolar Current

C  North Equatorial Current

D  Gulf Stream

A  Heavy rain and flooding in California

B  More typhoons hit Southeast Asia

C  The Pacific Warm Pool moves West

D  Fisheries off South America are very productive

A  smaller; slower

B  larger; slower

C  larger; faster

D  smaller; faster

A  Gulf Stream

B  Agulhas Current

C  Canary Current

D  California Current

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Southern Boundary Current

B  Western Boundary Current

C  Equatorial Current

D  Northern Boundary Current

E  Eastern Boundary Current

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  5

B  3

C  4

D  2

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  the ocean water does not get warm enough to supply the needed heat energy for hurricanes

B  the Coriolis effect, necessary for the rotation of hurricanes, does not exist outside the tropics

C  the western deserts keep the humidity too low for hurricanes to form

D  the Rocky Mountains serve as a barrier to keep storms away from the coast

A  the boundary between two air masses of different size

B  the boundary between two water masses of different size

C  the boundary between two water masses of different temperatures

D  the boundary between two land masses of different temperatures

E  the boundary between two air masses of different temperatures

F    

A  hurricane

B  tornado

C  cyclone

D  typhoon

A  Torrential rain and thunderstorms are common within the eye of the storm

B  Cold, moist air rises form the ocean surface, creating a low pressure system

C  The Coriolis Effect curves the path of the hurricane to the left in the Northern Hemisphere.

D  Rotation is counter-clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere.

A  subtropical

B  tropical

C  polar

D  equatorial

E  subpolar

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  always greater

B  sometimes higher, and sometimes lower

C  the same

D  always lower

A  Solar activity changes over time

B  Earth’s surface is heated unevenly by the Sun

C  Earth’s orbit around the Sun is elliptical, rather than circular

D  Earth is tilted on its axis of rotation

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Earth is the only planet where the Coriolis effect exists

B  Earth’s rotation impacts the circulation of air

C  Objects moving westward along the equator will experience the most Coriolis effect

D  Objects moving eastward along the equator will experience the most Coriolis effect

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  calcium (Ca 2+)

B  hydroxide (OH-)

C  sodium (Na +)

D  magnesium (Mg 2+)

E  chloride (Cl-)

F  hydrogen (H+)

A  acidic; basic

B  basic; basic

C  basic; acidic

D  acidic; acidic

A  temperature and salinity

B  depth and pressure

C  the amount of living and dead organisms

D  sunlight and darkness

A  stream input

B  rain and snow

C  Sea ice formation

D  iceberg melting

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  heat up much more quickly

B  explode

C  heat up much more slowly

D  turn to a liquid

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  melting of ice

B  vaporization of water

C  condensation of water

D  evaporation of water

A  For melting, hydrogen bonds are broken, whereas for vaporization, covalent bonds are broken.

B  The boiling point of water is higher than the freezing point.

C  For melting, only some hydrogen bonds need to be broken, whereas for vaporization, all hydrogen bonds must be broken.

D  For melting, covalent bonds are broken, whereas for vaporization, hydrogen bonds are broken

A  Oceans are larger than lakes, therefore they collect more rainfall and become saltier.

B  Oceans are much older geologic features than lakes, thus they have had more time to accumulate salts from continents.

C  Seawater has lower density than lake water.

D  Oceans have less evaporation compared to lakes.

A  Water molecules are polar. The positive end of water molecules are attracted to positive salt ions, and the negative end of water molecules are attracted to negative salt ions.

B  Both pure water and salts are made of ions. The positive water molecules are attracted to positive salt ions, and the negative water molecules are attracted to negative salt ions.

C  Both pure water and salts are made of ions. The positive water molecules are attracted to negative salt ions, and the negative water molecules are attracted to positive salt ions.

D  Water molecules are polar. The positive end of water molecules are attracted to negative salt ions, and the negative end of water molecules are attracted to positive salt ions.

A  liquid

B  gas

C  solid

A  solid

B  gas

C  liquid

A  solid

B  liquid

C  gas (vapor)

A  liquid

B  gas

C  solid

A  FALSE

B  TRUE