Exam 1

A  sexual selection

B  hardy effect

C  genetic bottleneck

D  reproductive variance

A  they are mentally manipulated by an organism to achieve specific characteristics.

B  each cell type has its own unique DNA that is different from all other cells.

C  only specific genes for specific proteins are activated in specific cell types.

A  heritable chart

B  pedigree chart

C  punnett square

D  none of the above

A  biological, archaeological, cultural, and linguistic.

B  archaeological, geological, geographical, and biological.

C  physics, biological, cultural, and linguistic.

D  cultural, linguistic, geological, and physical.

A  gene flow.

B  the founder effect.

C  stabilizing selection.

D  mutation.

A  phenotype

B  genotype

C  recessive allele

D  allele frequency

A  recombination

B  genetic drift

C  gene flow

D  natrual selection

A  founder effect.

B  a population bottleneck.

C  genetic drift.

D  gene flow.

A  Natural selection

B  Gene flow

C  Genetic drift

D  Sexual selection

A  energy production

B  cell replication

C  protein synthesis

D  cytoplasmic

A  speciation

B  species split

C  microevolution

D  macroevolution

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  natural selection

B  a spontaneous population shift

C  a population bottleneck

D  extinction

A  species

B  adapted organisms

C  mutants

D  evolved organisms

A  a full complement of chromosomes

B  extra chromosomes

A  they decrease variation

B  They Don’t effect variation

C  they increase variation

D  They both increases and decreases variation

A  changes in the DNA of an individual over his or her lifetime.

B  a process that occurs only over extremely long periods of time.

C  the appearance of a new species.

D  a change in allele frequencies in a breeding population over time.

A  Amino acids, and hydrogen bonds

B  Chromosome s and nuclein

C  Deoxyribose, phosphate and nitrogenous bases

A  humans from a biological perspective

B  pyrimids

C  dinosaurs

D  humans from a cultural perspective only.

A  gene migration.

B  genetic drift.

C  gene flow.

D  admixture.

A  Replication and DNA construction

B  Replication and protein synthesis

C  Translation and transcription

D  Replication and polymerase immersion

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  The recessive allele is more likely to be passed down.

B  When both alleles are present none of them will be passed down to the next generation

C  The dominant allele is more likely to be passed down.

D  Both alleles have an equal probability of being passed down to the offspring.

A  No since all traits are only controlled by one gene with two alleles.

B  None of the other responses are satisfactory answers.

C  Yes since all genes having to do with a trait always have the exact same influence on a trait.

D  No since different genes will exert varying degrees of influence on the trait

A  all species are fixed

B  within a population, some variations are favored by environmental conditions and others are not

C  none of the answers are satisfactory

D  organisms transform and pass these transformations on to their offspring

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  determined by one gene with multiple alleles

B  determined by more than one gene

C  determined by one gene

A  changed genetically from their parents through the accumulation of random genetic mutations.

B  did not inherit characteristics from their parents but acquired them through interaction with their environment.

C  would be composed of an even blend of their parents’ characteristics.

D  would inherit characteristics that were acquired during their parents’ lifetimes.

A  diploid and haploid numbers

B  nucleotide sequences

C  epigenes

D  chromosome number

A  dominant

B  phenotypic

C  recessive

D  structural

A  function only in fruit flies.

B  control which amino acids get plugged into polypeptide chains.

C  control the development of language in humans.

D  appear to function in similar ways across diverse groups of organisms.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  controlled by multiple genes

B  controlled by a single gene

C  mentally manipulated

D  greatly manipulated by social factors

A  A theory is an explanation that has been carefully examined and tested.

B  A theory has been less thoroughly tested than a hypothesis.

C  A hypothesis explains observations and cannot be refuted by new evidence.

D  A theory is an explanation based upon controversial facts.

A  have their own unique phenotypes and are geographically isolated from one another, but are capable of successful interbreeding.

B  are geographically isolated from one another, look alike, but are not capable of successful interbreeding.

C  have their own unique phenotypes and are geographically isolated from one another, but if they do happen to encounter one another, they are still capable of interbreeding although their offspring are infertile.

D  may share the same geographic area but are so phenotypically different that they never attempt to reproduce.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  were rare and unlikely to occur.

B  merely increased variation within populations.

C  created new species.

D  resulted in new phenotype characteristics.

A  can be masked in the phenotype.

B  can always be determined from the phenotype.

C  can never be expressed in the phenotype.

D  is expressed in the phenotype alongside a dominant allele.

A  DNA was the molecule carrying the genetic code.

B  traits are passed on from parent to offspring as discrete units.

C  peas were a poor choice for understanding basic hereditary principles.

D  traits inherited from each parent blended together in the offspring.

A  A disease that kills one individual is likely to kill everybody else.

B  Diseases typically attack individuals and not populations.

C  Being the same makes everybody stronger since they are pure blooded and as a result are more likely to survive.

D  Natural selection does not deal with diseases and as a result this scenario is not possible.

A  natural selection, genes, alleles, and chromosomes.

B  gene flow, mutations, chromosomes, and genes.

C  mutations, genes, and genetic drift.

D  natural selection, gene flow, genetic drift, and mutations.

A  chains of amino acids.

B  ribosomes

C  your mind

D  genes.

A  gene variants

B  heterozygous genes

C  homozygous genes

D  locus

A  21,000 genes

B  100,000 genes

C  30,000 genes

D  3 billion genes

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  the X chromosome originates only from females.

B  sperm are more powerful than eggs.

C  the Y chromosome is present in males only.

D  the X chromosome determines sex.

A  pools of water that attract organisms and encourage mating

B  the observable traits that are produced by a genotype

C  the entire collection of genetic material in a breeding community that can be passed on from one generation to the next

D  the entirety of an individual organism’s genome

A  tRNA

B  sodium

C  DNA

D  mitochondria

A  polygenic inheritance

B  Mendelian inheritance

C  recessive traits

D  codominance