Exam 1

A  genetic bottleneck

B  sexual selection

C  reproductive variance

D  hardy effect

A  only specific genes for specific proteins are activated in specific cell types.

B  each cell type has its own unique DNA that is different from all other cells.

C  they are mentally manipulated by an organism to achieve specific characteristics.

A  heritable chart

B  pedigree chart

C  punnett square

D  none of the above

A  biological, archaeological, cultural, and linguistic.

B  archaeological, geological, geographical, and biological.

C  cultural, linguistic, geological, and physical.

D  physics, biological, cultural, and linguistic.

A  the founder effect.

B  stabilizing selection.

C  gene flow.

D  mutation.

A  phenotype

B  genotype

C  recessive allele

D  allele frequency

A  gene flow

B  natrual selection

C  recombination

D  genetic drift

A  genetic drift.

B  gene flow.

C  founder effect.

D  a population bottleneck.

A  Genetic drift

B  Natural selection

C  Sexual selection

D  Gene flow

A  cytoplasmic

B  protein synthesis

C  energy production

D  cell replication

A  species split

B  speciation

C  microevolution

D  macroevolution

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  natural selection

B  a population bottleneck

C  extinction

D  a spontaneous population shift

A  mutants

B  evolved organisms

C  species

D  adapted organisms

A  extra chromosomes

B  a full complement of chromosomes

A  They Don’t effect variation

B  they increase variation

C  They both increases and decreases variation

D  they decrease variation

A  a change in allele frequencies in a breeding population over time.

B  the appearance of a new species.

C  changes in the DNA of an individual over his or her lifetime.

D  a process that occurs only over extremely long periods of time.

A  Deoxyribose, phosphate and nitrogenous bases

B  Amino acids, and hydrogen bonds

C  Chromosome s and nuclein

A  dinosaurs

B  humans from a biological perspective

C  humans from a cultural perspective only.

D  pyrimids

A  gene flow.

B  gene migration.

C  genetic drift.

D  admixture.

A  Replication and protein synthesis

B  Replication and polymerase immersion

C  Replication and DNA construction

D  Translation and transcription

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  The dominant allele is more likely to be passed down.

B  The recessive allele is more likely to be passed down.

C  Both alleles have an equal probability of being passed down to the offspring.

D  When both alleles are present none of them will be passed down to the next generation

A  Yes since all genes having to do with a trait always have the exact same influence on a trait.

B  None of the other responses are satisfactory answers.

C  No since all traits are only controlled by one gene with two alleles.

D  No since different genes will exert varying degrees of influence on the trait

A  none of the answers are satisfactory

B  organisms transform and pass these transformations on to their offspring

C  within a population, some variations are favored by environmental conditions and others are not

D  all species are fixed

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  determined by more than one gene

B  determined by one gene

C  determined by one gene with multiple alleles

A  changed genetically from their parents through the accumulation of random genetic mutations.

B  would be composed of an even blend of their parents’ characteristics.

C  did not inherit characteristics from their parents but acquired them through interaction with their environment.

D  would inherit characteristics that were acquired during their parents’ lifetimes.

A  diploid and haploid numbers

B  chromosome number

C  nucleotide sequences

D  epigenes

A  recessive

B  structural

C  dominant

D  phenotypic

A  control which amino acids get plugged into polypeptide chains.

B  function only in fruit flies.

C  appear to function in similar ways across diverse groups of organisms.

D  control the development of language in humans.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  controlled by multiple genes

B  mentally manipulated

C  controlled by a single gene

D  greatly manipulated by social factors

A  A hypothesis explains observations and cannot be refuted by new evidence.

B  A theory is an explanation based upon controversial facts.

C  A theory has been less thoroughly tested than a hypothesis.

D  A theory is an explanation that has been carefully examined and tested.

A  have their own unique phenotypes and are geographically isolated from one another, but are capable of successful interbreeding.

B  may share the same geographic area but are so phenotypically different that they never attempt to reproduce.

C  are geographically isolated from one another, look alike, but are not capable of successful interbreeding.

D  have their own unique phenotypes and are geographically isolated from one another, but if they do happen to encounter one another, they are still capable of interbreeding although their offspring are infertile.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  merely increased variation within populations.

B  created new species.

C  resulted in new phenotype characteristics.

D  were rare and unlikely to occur.

A  can be masked in the phenotype.

B  can always be determined from the phenotype.

C  can never be expressed in the phenotype.

D  is expressed in the phenotype alongside a dominant allele.

A  traits inherited from each parent blended together in the offspring.

B  peas were a poor choice for understanding basic hereditary principles.

C  DNA was the molecule carrying the genetic code.

D  traits are passed on from parent to offspring as discrete units.

A  A disease that kills one individual is likely to kill everybody else.

B  Natural selection does not deal with diseases and as a result this scenario is not possible.

C  Being the same makes everybody stronger since they are pure blooded and as a result are more likely to survive.

D  Diseases typically attack individuals and not populations.

A  natural selection, gene flow, genetic drift, and mutations.

B  gene flow, mutations, chromosomes, and genes.

C  natural selection, genes, alleles, and chromosomes.

D  mutations, genes, and genetic drift.

A  chains of amino acids.

B  ribosomes

C  genes.

D  your mind

A  gene variants

B  homozygous genes

C  heterozygous genes

D  locus

A  3 billion genes

B  100,000 genes

C  21,000 genes

D  30,000 genes

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  the Y chromosome is present in males only.

B  the X chromosome originates only from females.

C  sperm are more powerful than eggs.

D  the X chromosome determines sex.

A  pools of water that attract organisms and encourage mating

B  the entire collection of genetic material in a breeding community that can be passed on from one generation to the next

C  the observable traits that are produced by a genotype

D  the entirety of an individual organism’s genome

A  sodium

B  DNA

C  mitochondria

D  tRNA

A  Mendelian inheritance

B  recessive traits

C  polygenic inheritance

D  codominance