Exam 3

A  about half of what men earn

B  about 77 cents for every dollar men earn.

C  more than men earn in most occupations.

D  about the same as what men earn

A  age cohort; C. Everett Koop

B  ageism; Robert Butler

C  gender age; Francis E. Downey

D  gerotranscendence; Lars Tornstam

A  blue-colar jobs

B  white-collar jobs

C  high-paying jobs

D  low-paying Jobs

A  There is only one race; intelligence is based on race

B  One race is superior to another; pure races exist

C  All races have the same origin; race is a status that cannot be changed

D  Eventually there will only be one race; all races have the same origin

A  Human behavior is the result of nature and nurture working together.

B  Nature is the dominant force in determining human behavior.

C  Nurture is the dominant force in determining human behavior.

D  Neither nature nor nurture is responsible for determining human behavior.

A  until both children are 18 years of age

B  for a year or less

C  between eight and ten years

D  for at least five or six years

A  functionalists theorists

B  none

C  conflict theorists

D  symbolic interactionists

A  The personal traits and social positions that members of a society attach to being a male or female.

B  The secondary sex characteristics of men and women

C  The degree of inequality between men and women in a society

D  people’s sexual orientation

A  changing women’s work roles

B  winning the right to vote for women

C  reforming all the institutions of society

D  campaigning to pass an Equal Rights Amendment

A  Gender differences are based on physiological differences.

B  Gender differences are based on genetic dispositions.

C  Gender differences are the result of biological differences.

D  Gender differences are based on social factors

A  Being born male or female carries images and expectations on how one should act.

B  The terms “sex” and “gender” are sociologically and biologically interchangeable.

C  The world offers unequal access to power, prestige, and property based on one’s sex

D  Gender is sociologically significant because it is the way in which society controls its members.

A  There is no relationship between the level of education and births to single women.

B  the greater the level of education, the fewer births to single women

C  the greater the level of education, the more births to single women

D  the lower the level of education, the fewer births to single women

A  assimilationist minority

B  secessionists minority

C  pluralistic minority

D  militant minority

A  stereotyping

B  individual discrimination

C  institutional discrimination

D  cronyism

A  The ACLU took the Loving case to the U.S. Supreme Court, where the Court invalidated all anti-miscegenation laws in 1967.

B  The ACLU took the Loving case to the Virginia Supreme Court, where the Court invalidated the Virginia anti-miscegenation statute in 1965

C  Richard and Mildred Loving found very little support from whites.

D  None of the above is true.

A  Changes in the social structure are the most likely cause.

B  He is not intelligent enough to get a better job.

C  Changes in John’s value system are the most likely cause.

D  It is due to his unwillingness to work.

A  sex

B  gender identity

C  androgyny

D  machismo

A  white supremacy

B  white power

C  brown power

D  white privilege

A  skilled laborer

B  bureaucrat

C  craftsman

D  unskilled worker

A  No conclusion can be drawn from the statement.

B  Michael and Archie are equally likely to be prejudiced against Asians

C  Michael is more likely than Archie to be prejudiced against Asians.

D  Archie is more likely than Michael to be prejudiced against Asians.

A  All societies define feminine in the same way.

B  Some societies have no definitions for gender categories.

C  All societies define masculine in the same way.

D  Societies may define both “masculine” and “feminine” differently.

A  There is the dumping of waste on Native American lands.

B  Extreme cases of arthritis consitute examples of health related issues resulting from environmental racism.

C  Coal power plants are disproprtionately placed in comminities of color.

D  Environmental racism is a subtle form of racism.

A  They would improve the efficiency of nursing home operations

B  They would likely reduce the incidents of elderly abuse.

C  They would make licensure of nursing homes easier.

D  They would allow nursing homes to apply for more grants and reduce costs to families.

A  varies, depending upon the society in which its meaning is constructed

B  tends to be quite similar in all cultures

C  is based on biological factors only

D  is entirely dependent upon fixed biological characteristics

A  ownership of one group of people by another

B  movement up and down the class ladder

C  enforced norms of endogamy

D  class distinction for life based on ascription

A  genocide and pluralism

B  assimilation and segregation

C  population transfer and genocide

D  population transfer and segregation

A  She will be ultra conservative.

B  She will be apathetic towards politics.

C  She will probably become a socialist worker.

D  She will be more politically radical.

A  The bottom 20 percent of Americans earn about 15 percent of the income.

B  The top two-thirds of Americans earn about two-thirds of the income.

C  Income earnings are just about evenly divided among all Americans.

D  The top 20 percent of Americans earn nearly half the income.

A  caste system

B  slavery

C  neocolonialism

D  globalization

A  The class system is not based on religion.

B  The class system has fluid boundaries.

C  The class system existed before the other three.

D  The class system works in democracies.

A  low-level poverty

B  relative poverty

C  transitional poverty

D  absolute poverty

A  structural mobility

B  social stratification

C  social reform

D  income distribution

A  The workers are victims of social stratification.

B  The workers’ sense of fairness has been influenced by primogeniture.

C  The workers are experiencing false class consciousness.

D  The workers share class consciousness.

A  It was enacted by President Bill Clinton

B  It reformed U.S. welfare policy

C  It created the Temporary Aid to Needy Families program

D  It also had a significant impact on many in the upper-middle class.

A  More likely than people with low incomes to vote

B  Less likely than people with low incomes to vote

C  are much less likely than people with low income to vote

D  Just as likely as people with low incomes to vote