Lecture Exam 2

A  human blood at pH 7.2

B  milk at pH 6.5

C  human intestine at pH 8.5

D  a hot vent at pH 1.5

A  that they grow well at high pressure

B  that they grow well at low pH

C  that they grow well at low oxygen

D  that they grow well at low oxygen

E  that they grow well at high pH

A  protein synthesis

B  storage

C  reproduction

D  survival

A  the temperature that allows it to grow with the shortest generation time

B  the temperature that has the highest cell growth and highest enzymatic activity

C  the temperature that is near one extreme of its range of tolerated temperatures

D  the temperature that has the longest time between cell divisions

A  they lack the correct salt concentration

B  they lack the correct atmospheric pressure

C  they lack the correct pH

D  they lack the correct enzymes

E  they lack the correct nucleus

A  obligate aerobe.

B  osmotolerant.

C  aerotolerant anaerobe.

D  acidophile.

E  facultative anaerobe

A  decline phase

B  lag phase

C  exponential or logarithmic phase

D  stationary phase

A  none of these are correct

B  due to the accumulation of toxic metabolites

C  more than one of the above is correct

D  due to the rise in cell density

E  due to the exhaustion of nutrients

A  alkaliphiles

B  facultative anaerobes

C  obligate anaerobes

D  neutrophiles

A  bacterial conjugation.

B  two of the choices are correct only

C  bacterial motility.

D  all of these are correct

E  adherence to certain surfaces.

F  none of these are correct

A  aerotolerant anaerobe

B  osmotolerant

C  neutrophile

D  acidophile

A  An individual that has survived the acute phase of the disease because of an effective immune system and/or because of effective treatment.

B  none of these are correct

C  An individual that is suffering maximum host cell damage and is manifesting clear and distinct symptoms of the particular disease.

D  An individual that has been exposed to an infectious microorganism and the microorganism is replicating, but microorganism numbers have not yet reached levels necessary to produce visible symptoms.

A  a chemotroph

B  a phototroph

C  a chemoheterotroph

D  a heterotroph

A  mesophile â growth at 0°C

B  hyperthermophiles â growth at 85°C

C  thermophile â growth at 50°C

D  psychrophile â growth at 15°C

A  mesophiles

B  acidophiles

C  psychrotrophs

D  thermophiles

A  an aerotolerant anaerobe

B  an obligate aerobe

C  a facultative anaerobe

D  an obligate anaerobe

A  salt pond in the desert with a daytime temperature of 34 °C

B  mountain lake with a water temperature of 12 °C

C  yogurt cultured at room temperature

D  contaminated plates left in a 35 °C incubator

A  20-30°C

B  >40°C

C  None of these

D  25-40°C

A  internal structure of fixed cells.

B  surface membranes of live, living cells.

C  internal structure of live, living cells.

D  surface structure of fixed cells.

A  dark-field microscopy

B  bright-field microscopy

C  phase-contrast microscopy

D  scanning electron microscopy

E  fluorescence microscopy

A  light penetration

B  length.

C  diameter.

D  size

A  higher

B  no relationship on

C  lower

D  the same

A  brightfield microscope

B  darkfield microscope

C  electron microscope

D  differential interference contrast microscope

A  light with an intermediate wavelength

B  light with a long wavelength

C  radio wavelength

D  light with a short wavelength

A  the microscope’s clarity.

B  the microscope’s resolution.

C  the microscope’s magnification.

D  the minimum cell size of a cell.

A  differential Interference Contrast microscopy

B  bright-field microscopy with staining

C  phase contrast microscopy

D  immunofluoresnce

A  scanning electron

B  phase-contrast

C  transmission electron

D  bright-field

E  dark-field

A  nose

B  throat

C  hand

D  colon

A  floating

B  reproducing

C  attaching

D  dying

E  moving

A  flagellum

B  peptidoglycan

C  capsule

D  cell wall

A  all of these

B  the presence of anatomical structures such as pili.

C  the production of various enzymatic activities such as hemolysins and leucocidins

D  the production of exotoxins or endotoxins.

A  prevented the virus from entering the host cell

B  more than one of the above is correct

C  prevented the virus from attaching to the host cell

D  none of these are correct

E  destroyed the viral nucleic acid

F  prevented the virus from leaving the host cell

A  cause target cells to cell divide

B  more than one of the above is correct

C  none of these are correct

D  punch holes in target cells

E  cause target cells to function more efficiently

F  cause target cells to mutate

A  chloroplasts

B  endoplasmic reticulum

C  mitochondria

D  flagella

E  nucleus

F  more than one of the above is correct

A  chemotaxis

B  phototaxis

C  gliding motility

D  tumbling

A  nutrients

B  starvation

C  water

D  oxygen

A  evade PAMPS activation

B  evade phagocytosis

C  move to a new location

D  build biofilms

E  damage host cells

A  nucleic acids

B  carbohydrates

C  protein

D  lipids

A  monotrichous

B  peritrichous

C  monotrichous

D  lophotrichous

A  they are used in attachment

B  they can cause antibiotic resistance

C  they are used in motility

D  more than one of the above is correct

E  they are used in DNA exchange

F  none of these are correct

A  acidophiles

B  halotolerant

C  barophiles

D  thermophiles

A  attachment increases parasitic damage to the host

B  attachment increases endospore formation

C  attachment increases motility

D  attachment increases the exchange of genes

A  endospores are more likely to survive treatment with disinfectants

B  endospores are more resistant to staining

C  endospores are more likely to die in nutritionally poor conditions

D  endospores are more resistant to temperature changes

A  fimbria

B  axial filament

C  pilum

D  plasma membrane

A  pili

B  capsule

C  pore forming toxins

D  more than one of the above is correct

E  flagellum

F  none of these are correct