Final Lecture Exam

A  enterotoxin

B  toxic shock syndrome toxin

C  erythrogenic toxin

D  exfoliative toxin

E  hemolysin

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  fomites to human

C  animal to human

D  human to human

E  soil to human

A  meningitis

B  scalded skin syndrome

C  impetigo

D  furuncles and carbuncles

E  acne

A  have capsules

B  produce coagulase

C  lack spores

D  All of thechoices are correct.

E  are motile

A  Body fluids

B  Direct contact

C  Fomites

D  Mechanical vectors

E  Blood

A  chickenpox

B  herpes keratitis

C  infectious mononucleosis

D  shingles

E  herpes labialis

A  has a maculopapular rash that lasts for days to weeks

B  is a childhood febrile disease with a bright red rash on the cheeks

C  All of the choices are correct.

D  is caused by Parvovirus B19

E  cannot be prevented at this time with vaccination

A  Can be caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, or Neisseria gonorrhoeae

B  Can be caused by Streptococcus pyogenes or Streptococcus pneumoniae

C  Has a clear discharge

D  Transmitted through both direct and indirect contact

E  Treatment is with a broad-spectrum topical antibiotic

A  Contains toxoids

B  Protects against three different viral diseases

C  Is given in early childhood

D  None of the choices are correct.

E  Contains attenuated virus

A    

B  staphylokinase

C  lactase

D  catalase

E  exfoliative toxinB

F  exfoliative toxinA

A  causes roseola in infants and young children

B  it is a very rare form of herpesvirus

C  starts with a high fever

D  a rash appears on the fourth day

E  appears as a mononucleosis-like illness in adults

A  vast numbers of organisms are found on expansive, dry areas of the skin

B  high salt areas of the skin limit bacterial growth

C  All of the choices are correct.

D  the skin microbiome is much more varied than previously thought

E  the skin microbiota changes constantly over time

A  Ivermectin treatment

B  Wear insect repellent

C  Prophylactic antibiotics

D  Good hygiene

A  organisms will not grow on certain media types and can be selected for on others

B  bacteriophages infect certain bacterial cells and the specificity can be used to identify the organism

C  organisms display specific antigens that can be bound by color-changing antibodies that allow the clinician to locate and identify the pathogen

D  organisms have a unique combination of metabolic enzymes that are displayed when color-changing dyes are utilized to demonstrate their physiological response to specific substrates

A  Labeled identicalDNA

B  Labeledcomplementary RNA

C  Labeledcomplementary DNA

D  Unlabeledcomplementary DNA

A  Weil-Felix

B  Immunelectrophoresis

C  Immunochromatography

D  Radioimmunoassay (RIA)

E  Western blot

A  specificity

B  sensitivity

C  agglutination

D  precipitation

E  cross reaction

A  Agglutination

B  Cross reaction

C  Sensitivity

D  Specificity

E  Precipitation

A  precipitation

B  sensitivity

C  cross reaction

D  agglutination

E  specificity

A  Treponema pallidum

B  Streptococcus

C  Salmonella

D  Pseudomonas

E  Clostridium

A  Precipitation

B  Sensitivity

C  Specificity

D  Agglutination

E  Cross reactions

A  two known antibodies andone known antigen

B  two known antibodies andone unknown antigen

C  one known antibody, one unknown antibody, and an unknown antigen

D  All of the choices are correct.

E  a known antigen, an unknown antibody, and a known antibody

A  isograft

B  hypograft

C  allograft

D  autograft

E  xenograft

A  inherited two dominant genes

B  is in the majority of the population with regard to Rh status

C  can never have an Rh+ baby

D  All of thechoices are correct.

E  is at risk for a pregnancy resulting in hemolytic disease of the newborn

A  The Arthus reaction is a local response

B  Involves an immune complex reaction

C  Serum sickness is a systemic response

D  Involves production of IgG and IgE antibodies

E  Antigen-antibody complexes are deposited in the basement membrane of epithelial tissues

A  Immune complex mediated

B  Antibody mediated

C  Both anaphylaxis and antibody mediated

D  Anaphylaxis

E  Both antibody mediated and immune complex mediated

A  hemopathology

B  immunopathology

C  humoralpathology

D  histopathology

E  epidemiology

A  constant region

B  variable region

C  hinge region

D  joining region

E  light region

A  a set of genes that code for MHC glycoproteins

B  All of thechoices are correct.

C  found on the third chromosome

D  glycoproteins, called MHC antigens, found on all body cells

E  located in the thymus gland

A  heterophilic antigens

B  allergens

C  superantigens

D  None of the choices are correct.

E  autoantigens

A  suppress immune reactions

B  function in allergic reactions

C  secrete antibodies

D  directly destroy target cells

E  activate B cells and other T cells

A  reduces the ability of temperature-sensitive organisms to multiply

B  increases metabolism

C  increases phagocytosis

D  increases the availability of iron

E  stimulates hematopoiesis

A  complement

B  leukotrines

C  lysozymes

D  interferons

E  pyrogens

A  Liver, Endocrine glands, Skin

B  Urethra, Endocrine glands, brain

C  Vagina, Urethra, Mouth, Skin, Nose

D  Liver, Endocrine glands, brain

A  Encapsulation

B  Margination

C  Phagocytosis

D  Exocytosis

E  Adhesion

A  nephrotoxicity

B  prophylaxis

C  selective toxicity

D  chemotherapy

E  synergism

A  true

B  false

A  vancomycin

B  isoniazid

C  erythromycin

D  cephalosporin

E  penicillin

A  hydrogen peroxide

B  chlorination

C  moist heat autoclave

D  pasteurization

E  boiling water

A  63°C for 30 minutes

B  160°C for 2 hours

C  100°C for 30 minutes

D  71.6°C for 15 seconds

E  121°C at 15 psi for 15 minutes

A  X rays

B  Formaldehyde

C  Moist heat

D  Ultraviolet light

E  Ethylene dioxide

A  Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

B  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—kills bacteria

C  Bactericidal—kills bacteria
Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria

D  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

A  Always paired with a specific pyrimidine

B  Are nitrogenous bases

C  Include adenine and guanine

D  Only found in DNA, not in RNA

E  Found within nucleotides

A  medical insurance costs will likely skyrocket

B  oil and gas prices will increase as a result of the decreased demand for fossil fuels

C  mutations in manufactured cells will cause problems for existing organisms

D  the ability to create life from scratch raises a multitude of issues

A  genotype

B  genome

C  proteotype

D  proteome

E  phenotype

A  true

B  false

A  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, and requires oxygen

B  None of the choices are correct.

C  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, without using oxygen

D  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, and requires oxygen

E  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, without using oxygen

A  Krebs cycle

B  Glycolysis

C  Electron transport system

D  Preparation for Krebs cycle

A  2 ATP

B  42 ATP

C  24 ATP

D  3 ATP

E  38 ATP

A  3 ATP

B  36 ATP

C  2 ATP

D  24 ATP

E  38 ATP

A  3

B  4

C  6

D  5

A  oxygen

B  carbon dioxide

C  high acidity

D  high salt

E  temperatures above 37°C

A  CH 4

B  Glucose

C  NH 3

D  CO 2

E  H 2O

A  substrate concentration

B  the size of the cell

C  osmotic pressure

D  carrier proteins in the membrane

E  size of the pores in the membrane

A  capsomeres

B  prophages

C  spikes

D  peplomers

E  envelopes

A  All of the choices infect bacteria.

B  prions

C  satellite viruses

D  viroids

E  bacteriophages

A  Use of animalinoculation, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

B  Inoculation ofembryonated eggs, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

C  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of animalinoculation, Inoculation ofembryonated eggs

D  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

A  oncoviruses

B  chronic latent viruses

C  cytopathic

D  inclusion bodies

E  syncytia

A  oncoviruses

B  syncytia

C  cytopathic

D  inclusion bodies

E  chronic latent viruses

A  resistant to destruction by radiation

B  metabolically inactive

C  living structures

D  resistant to heat and chemical destruction

E  All of the choices are correct.

A  true

B  false

A  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

B  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Cell membrane

C  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane

D  Teichoic acids, Thick layer of peptidoglycan, Cell membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

A  Filament, basal body, hook

B  Hook, basal body, filament

C  Filament, hook, basal body

D  Basal body, hook, filament

E  Basal body, filament, hook

A  aerobic

B  microaerophilic

C  anaerobic

D  fastidious

E  autotrophic

A  Louis Pasteur

B  Ignaz Semmelweis

C  Joseph Lister

D  Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

E  Robert Koch

A  Bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitors

B  Egyptians using moldy bread on wounds

C  A microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteria

D  Escherichia coli producing human insulin

E  Public health officials monitoring diseases in a community

A  Aseptic techniques could reduce the number of wound infections in the surgical setting.

B  Very little DNA is transcribed into RNA that is then translated into proteins.

C  Enzymes found in bacteria can be used to cut DNA.

D  Biofilms can form on implanted objects in the human body and be responsible for infection.

A  infectious particles

B  molds

C  protozoa

D  parasitic worms

E  bacteria

A  deoxyribose

B  ribose

C  fructose

D  glycogen

E  glucose