Final Lecture Exam

A  toxic shock syndrome toxin

B  enterotoxin

C  exfoliative toxin

D  erythrogenic toxin

E  hemolysin

A  fomites to human

B  human to human

C  All of the choices are correct.

D  soil to human

E  animal to human

A  scalded skin syndrome

B  furuncles and carbuncles

C  impetigo

D  meningitis

E  acne

A  All of thechoices are correct.

B  lack spores

C  have capsules

D  are motile

E  produce coagulase

A  Mechanical vectors

B  Direct contact

C  Fomites

D  Blood

E  Body fluids

A  shingles

B  infectious mononucleosis

C  herpes keratitis

D  chickenpox

E  herpes labialis

A  is caused by Parvovirus B19

B  cannot be prevented at this time with vaccination

C  has a maculopapular rash that lasts for days to weeks

D  All of the choices are correct.

E  is a childhood febrile disease with a bright red rash on the cheeks

A  Transmitted through both direct and indirect contact

B  Can be caused by Streptococcus pyogenes or Streptococcus pneumoniae

C  Can be caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, or Neisseria gonorrhoeae

D  Has a clear discharge

E  Treatment is with a broad-spectrum topical antibiotic

A  Contains toxoids

B  None of the choices are correct.

C  Contains attenuated virus

D  Is given in early childhood

E  Protects against three different viral diseases

A  exfoliative toxinB

B  lactase

C  staphylokinase

D  catalase

E  exfoliative toxinA

F    

A  it is a very rare form of herpesvirus

B  causes roseola in infants and young children

C  appears as a mononucleosis-like illness in adults

D  starts with a high fever

E  a rash appears on the fourth day

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  high salt areas of the skin limit bacterial growth

C  the skin microbiome is much more varied than previously thought

D  vast numbers of organisms are found on expansive, dry areas of the skin

E  the skin microbiota changes constantly over time

A  Ivermectin treatment

B  Wear insect repellent

C  Good hygiene

D  Prophylactic antibiotics

A  organisms will not grow on certain media types and can be selected for on others

B  organisms display specific antigens that can be bound by color-changing antibodies that allow the clinician to locate and identify the pathogen

C  organisms have a unique combination of metabolic enzymes that are displayed when color-changing dyes are utilized to demonstrate their physiological response to specific substrates

D  bacteriophages infect certain bacterial cells and the specificity can be used to identify the organism

A  Labeledcomplementary DNA

B  Labeled identicalDNA

C  Unlabeledcomplementary DNA

D  Labeledcomplementary RNA

A  Immunelectrophoresis

B  Western blot

C  Weil-Felix

D  Radioimmunoassay (RIA)

E  Immunochromatography

A  cross reaction

B  sensitivity

C  specificity

D  precipitation

E  agglutination

A  Sensitivity

B  Agglutination

C  Precipitation

D  Specificity

E  Cross reaction

A  specificity

B  sensitivity

C  agglutination

D  cross reaction

E  precipitation

A  Salmonella

B  Treponema pallidum

C  Streptococcus

D  Clostridium

E  Pseudomonas

A  Specificity

B  Agglutination

C  Sensitivity

D  Cross reactions

E  Precipitation

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  a known antigen, an unknown antibody, and a known antibody

C  two known antibodies andone known antigen

D  one known antibody, one unknown antibody, and an unknown antigen

E  two known antibodies andone unknown antigen

A  isograft

B  hypograft

C  autograft

D  xenograft

E  allograft

A  inherited two dominant genes

B  can never have an Rh+ baby

C  All of thechoices are correct.

D  is at risk for a pregnancy resulting in hemolytic disease of the newborn

E  is in the majority of the population with regard to Rh status

A  Involves production of IgG and IgE antibodies

B  Antigen-antibody complexes are deposited in the basement membrane of epithelial tissues

C  Involves an immune complex reaction

D  Serum sickness is a systemic response

E  The Arthus reaction is a local response

A  Both antibody mediated and immune complex mediated

B  Both anaphylaxis and antibody mediated

C  Anaphylaxis

D  Immune complex mediated

E  Antibody mediated

A  epidemiology

B  humoralpathology

C  hemopathology

D  histopathology

E  immunopathology

A  joining region

B  variable region

C  hinge region

D  light region

E  constant region

A  All of thechoices are correct.

B  found on the third chromosome

C  glycoproteins, called MHC antigens, found on all body cells

D  a set of genes that code for MHC glycoproteins

E  located in the thymus gland

A  autoantigens

B  superantigens

C  allergens

D  heterophilic antigens

E  None of the choices are correct.

A  function in allergic reactions

B  activate B cells and other T cells

C  suppress immune reactions

D  directly destroy target cells

E  secrete antibodies

A  stimulates hematopoiesis

B  reduces the ability of temperature-sensitive organisms to multiply

C  increases phagocytosis

D  increases metabolism

E  increases the availability of iron

A  lysozymes

B  pyrogens

C  complement

D  interferons

E  leukotrines

A  Liver, Endocrine glands, brain

B  Liver, Endocrine glands, Skin

C  Urethra, Endocrine glands, brain

D  Vagina, Urethra, Mouth, Skin, Nose

A  Exocytosis

B  Adhesion

C  Encapsulation

D  Margination

E  Phagocytosis

A  nephrotoxicity

B  prophylaxis

C  synergism

D  chemotherapy

E  selective toxicity

A  true

B  false

A  erythromycin

B  isoniazid

C  vancomycin

D  penicillin

E  cephalosporin

A  boiling water

B  pasteurization

C  moist heat autoclave

D  hydrogen peroxide

E  chlorination

A  121°C at 15 psi for 15 minutes

B  71.6°C for 15 seconds

C  160°C for 2 hours

D  100°C for 30 minutes

E  63°C for 30 minutes

A  Moist heat

B  Formaldehyde

C  X rays

D  Ultraviolet light

E  Ethylene dioxide

A  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

B  Bactericidal—kills bacteria
Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria

C  Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

D  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—kills bacteria

A  Only found in DNA, not in RNA

B  Include adenine and guanine

C  Found within nucleotides

D  Are nitrogenous bases

E  Always paired with a specific pyrimidine

A  medical insurance costs will likely skyrocket

B  the ability to create life from scratch raises a multitude of issues

C  oil and gas prices will increase as a result of the decreased demand for fossil fuels

D  mutations in manufactured cells will cause problems for existing organisms

A  genome

B  phenotype

C  genotype

D  proteotype

E  proteome

A  false

B  true

A  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, without using oxygen

B  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, without using oxygen

C  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, and requires oxygen

D  None of the choices are correct.

E  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, and requires oxygen

A  Glycolysis

B  Krebs cycle

C  Electron transport system

D  Preparation for Krebs cycle

A  24 ATP

B  3 ATP

C  2 ATP

D  38 ATP

E  42 ATP

A  3 ATP

B  38 ATP

C  2 ATP

D  36 ATP

E  24 ATP

A  6

B  3

C  5

D  4

A  temperatures above 37°C

B  carbon dioxide

C  high acidity

D  oxygen

E  high salt

A  NH 3

B  CH 4

C  Glucose

D  H 2O

E  CO 2

A  size of the pores in the membrane

B  substrate concentration

C  osmotic pressure

D  carrier proteins in the membrane

E  the size of the cell

A  prophages

B  peplomers

C  envelopes

D  spikes

E  capsomeres

A  satellite viruses

B  All of the choices infect bacteria.

C  viroids

D  bacteriophages

E  prions

A  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of animalinoculation, Inoculation ofembryonated eggs

B  Inoculation ofembryonated eggs, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

C  Use of animalinoculation, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

D  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

A  inclusion bodies

B  cytopathic

C  syncytia

D  chronic latent viruses

E  oncoviruses

A  inclusion bodies

B  oncoviruses

C  cytopathic

D  chronic latent viruses

E  syncytia

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  living structures

C  resistant to heat and chemical destruction

D  metabolically inactive

E  resistant to destruction by radiation

A  true

B  false

A  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane

B  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

C  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Cell membrane

D  Teichoic acids, Thick layer of peptidoglycan, Cell membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

A  Basal body, filament, hook

B  Filament, basal body, hook

C  Basal body, hook, filament

D  Hook, basal body, filament

E  Filament, hook, basal body

A  autotrophic

B  aerobic

C  fastidious

D  anaerobic

E  microaerophilic

A  Joseph Lister

B  Robert Koch

C  Ignaz Semmelweis

D  Louis Pasteur

E  Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

A  Bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitors

B  A microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteria

C  Escherichia coli producing human insulin

D  Egyptians using moldy bread on wounds

E  Public health officials monitoring diseases in a community

A  Biofilms can form on implanted objects in the human body and be responsible for infection.

B  Aseptic techniques could reduce the number of wound infections in the surgical setting.

C  Very little DNA is transcribed into RNA that is then translated into proteins.

D  Enzymes found in bacteria can be used to cut DNA.

A  bacteria

B  infectious particles

C  molds

D  protozoa

E  parasitic worms

A  ribose

B  fructose

C  deoxyribose

D  glycogen

E  glucose