Final Lecture Exam

A  enterotoxin

B  hemolysin

C  erythrogenic toxin

D  exfoliative toxin

E  toxic shock syndrome toxin

A  human to human

B  animal to human

C  All of the choices are correct.

D  soil to human

E  fomites to human

A  furuncles and carbuncles

B  impetigo

C  scalded skin syndrome

D  acne

E  meningitis

A  lack spores

B  are motile

C  produce coagulase

D  have capsules

E  All of thechoices are correct.

A  Mechanical vectors

B  Blood

C  Direct contact

D  Body fluids

E  Fomites

A  herpes labialis

B  infectious mononucleosis

C  shingles

D  chickenpox

E  herpes keratitis

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  has a maculopapular rash that lasts for days to weeks

C  cannot be prevented at this time with vaccination

D  is caused by Parvovirus B19

E  is a childhood febrile disease with a bright red rash on the cheeks

A  Transmitted through both direct and indirect contact

B  Has a clear discharge

C  Can be caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, or Neisseria gonorrhoeae

D  Treatment is with a broad-spectrum topical antibiotic

E  Can be caused by Streptococcus pyogenes or Streptococcus pneumoniae

A  Contains attenuated virus

B  Protects against three different viral diseases

C  Is given in early childhood

D  None of the choices are correct.

E  Contains toxoids

A  staphylokinase

B  lactase

C    

D  exfoliative toxinB

E  catalase

F  exfoliative toxinA

A  causes roseola in infants and young children

B  a rash appears on the fourth day

C  it is a very rare form of herpesvirus

D  starts with a high fever

E  appears as a mononucleosis-like illness in adults

A  vast numbers of organisms are found on expansive, dry areas of the skin

B  high salt areas of the skin limit bacterial growth

C  the skin microbiome is much more varied than previously thought

D  All of the choices are correct.

E  the skin microbiota changes constantly over time

A  Wear insect repellent

B  Ivermectin treatment

C  Prophylactic antibiotics

D  Good hygiene

A  organisms will not grow on certain media types and can be selected for on others

B  organisms display specific antigens that can be bound by color-changing antibodies that allow the clinician to locate and identify the pathogen

C  organisms have a unique combination of metabolic enzymes that are displayed when color-changing dyes are utilized to demonstrate their physiological response to specific substrates

D  bacteriophages infect certain bacterial cells and the specificity can be used to identify the organism

A  Labeled identicalDNA

B  Labeledcomplementary RNA

C  Unlabeledcomplementary DNA

D  Labeledcomplementary DNA

A  Western blot

B  Immunelectrophoresis

C  Immunochromatography

D  Radioimmunoassay (RIA)

E  Weil-Felix

A  specificity

B  precipitation

C  sensitivity

D  cross reaction

E  agglutination

A  Specificity

B  Sensitivity

C  Cross reaction

D  Agglutination

E  Precipitation

A  specificity

B  sensitivity

C  cross reaction

D  precipitation

E  agglutination

A  Salmonella

B  Streptococcus

C  Clostridium

D  Treponema pallidum

E  Pseudomonas

A  Cross reactions

B  Precipitation

C  Specificity

D  Agglutination

E  Sensitivity

A  one known antibody, one unknown antibody, and an unknown antigen

B  a known antigen, an unknown antibody, and a known antibody

C  two known antibodies andone unknown antigen

D  All of the choices are correct.

E  two known antibodies andone known antigen

A  hypograft

B  autograft

C  allograft

D  isograft

E  xenograft

A  can never have an Rh+ baby

B  inherited two dominant genes

C  is at risk for a pregnancy resulting in hemolytic disease of the newborn

D  All of thechoices are correct.

E  is in the majority of the population with regard to Rh status

A  Involves production of IgG and IgE antibodies

B  Serum sickness is a systemic response

C  The Arthus reaction is a local response

D  Involves an immune complex reaction

E  Antigen-antibody complexes are deposited in the basement membrane of epithelial tissues

A  Both anaphylaxis and antibody mediated

B  Both antibody mediated and immune complex mediated

C  Anaphylaxis

D  Antibody mediated

E  Immune complex mediated

A  humoralpathology

B  hemopathology

C  immunopathology

D  histopathology

E  epidemiology

A  constant region

B  light region

C  hinge region

D  joining region

E  variable region

A  glycoproteins, called MHC antigens, found on all body cells

B  a set of genes that code for MHC glycoproteins

C  found on the third chromosome

D  All of thechoices are correct.

E  located in the thymus gland

A  superantigens

B  heterophilic antigens

C  allergens

D  autoantigens

E  None of the choices are correct.

A  suppress immune reactions

B  secrete antibodies

C  activate B cells and other T cells

D  function in allergic reactions

E  directly destroy target cells

A  increases the availability of iron

B  stimulates hematopoiesis

C  increases phagocytosis

D  reduces the ability of temperature-sensitive organisms to multiply

E  increases metabolism

A  lysozymes

B  interferons

C  leukotrines

D  complement

E  pyrogens

A  Liver, Endocrine glands, brain

B  Vagina, Urethra, Mouth, Skin, Nose

C  Liver, Endocrine glands, Skin

D  Urethra, Endocrine glands, brain

A  Margination

B  Adhesion

C  Phagocytosis

D  Exocytosis

E  Encapsulation

A  nephrotoxicity

B  chemotherapy

C  synergism

D  prophylaxis

E  selective toxicity

A  true

B  false

A  penicillin

B  vancomycin

C  cephalosporin

D  erythromycin

E  isoniazid

A  chlorination

B  hydrogen peroxide

C  moist heat autoclave

D  boiling water

E  pasteurization

A  160°C for 2 hours

B  71.6°C for 15 seconds

C  63°C for 30 minutes

D  100°C for 30 minutes

E  121°C at 15 psi for 15 minutes

A  Moist heat

B  Ethylene dioxide

C  X rays

D  Formaldehyde

E  Ultraviolet light

A  Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

B  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

C  Bactericidal—kills bacteria
Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria

D  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—kills bacteria

A  Only found in DNA, not in RNA

B  Are nitrogenous bases

C  Include adenine and guanine

D  Always paired with a specific pyrimidine

E  Found within nucleotides

A  medical insurance costs will likely skyrocket

B  oil and gas prices will increase as a result of the decreased demand for fossil fuels

C  mutations in manufactured cells will cause problems for existing organisms

D  the ability to create life from scratch raises a multitude of issues

A  genotype

B  genome

C  proteotype

D  proteome

E  phenotype

A  true

B  false

A  None of the choices are correct.

B  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, and requires oxygen

C  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, and requires oxygen

D  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, without using oxygen

E  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, without using oxygen

A  Preparation for Krebs cycle

B  Electron transport system

C  Krebs cycle

D  Glycolysis

A  2 ATP

B  3 ATP

C  38 ATP

D  42 ATP

E  24 ATP

A  36 ATP

B  2 ATP

C  24 ATP

D  38 ATP

E  3 ATP

A  3

B  5

C  6

D  4

A  oxygen

B  high salt

C  high acidity

D  carbon dioxide

E  temperatures above 37°C

A  CO 2

B  CH 4

C  H 2O

D  NH 3

E  Glucose

A  the size of the cell

B  size of the pores in the membrane

C  osmotic pressure

D  carrier proteins in the membrane

E  substrate concentration

A  prophages

B  envelopes

C  spikes

D  peplomers

E  capsomeres

A  prions

B  All of the choices infect bacteria.

C  satellite viruses

D  bacteriophages

E  viroids

A  Use of animalinoculation, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

B  Inoculation ofembryonated eggs, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

C  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of animalinoculation, Inoculation ofembryonated eggs

D  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

A  oncoviruses

B  cytopathic

C  inclusion bodies

D  chronic latent viruses

E  syncytia

A  cytopathic

B  syncytia

C  inclusion bodies

D  chronic latent viruses

E  oncoviruses

A  resistant to heat and chemical destruction

B  resistant to destruction by radiation

C  All of the choices are correct.

D  living structures

E  metabolically inactive

A  true

B  false

A  Teichoic acids, Thick layer of peptidoglycan, Cell membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

B  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Cell membrane

C  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

D  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane

A  Basal body, hook, filament

B  Basal body, filament, hook

C  Filament, hook, basal body

D  Hook, basal body, filament

E  Filament, basal body, hook

A  fastidious

B  autotrophic

C  microaerophilic

D  anaerobic

E  aerobic

A  Louis Pasteur

B  Joseph Lister

C  Ignaz Semmelweis

D  Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

E  Robert Koch

A  Egyptians using moldy bread on wounds

B  Public health officials monitoring diseases in a community

C  Bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitors

D  Escherichia coli producing human insulin

E  A microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteria

A  Aseptic techniques could reduce the number of wound infections in the surgical setting.

B  Very little DNA is transcribed into RNA that is then translated into proteins.

C  Enzymes found in bacteria can be used to cut DNA.

D  Biofilms can form on implanted objects in the human body and be responsible for infection.

A  bacteria

B  protozoa

C  infectious particles

D  molds

E  parasitic worms

A  glycogen

B  ribose

C  glucose

D  deoxyribose

E  fructose