Lecture Exam 4 (Ch 12, 13, 14)

A  antibody mediated

B  T-cell mediated

C  systemic anaphylactic

D  atopic

E  delayed

A  maternal Rh + cells enter an Rh -fetus

B  fetal Rh + cells enter an Rh – mother

C  fetal Rh ˗ cells enter an Rh + mother

D  maternal Rh ˗ cells enter an Rh + fetus

E  fetal Rh + cells enter an Rh + mother

A  autoimmune disease

B  hypersensitivity

C  transfusion reaction

D  desensitization

E  immunodeficiency

A  humoralpathology

B  histopathology

C  epidemiology

D  immunopathology

E  hemopathology

A  IgE

B  IgG

C  foreign cells

D  IgM

E  complement

A  systemic lupus erythematosus

B  metastatic cancer

C  Graves’ disease

D  rheumatic fever

E  type I diabetes

A  autograft

B  xenograft

C  allograft

D  isograft

E  hypograft

F    

A  Ingestant

B  None of the choices are correct.

C  Contactant

D  Injectant

E  Inhalant

A  pruritus and headache

B  relaxes vascular smooth muscle

C  wheal and flare reaction in skin

D  constriction of smooth muscle of bronchi and the intestine

E  increased sensitivity to pain

A  type I and type IV

B  type I, type II, type III, and type IV

C  type I, type II, and type III

D  type I only

E  type IV only

A  a deficiency in T-cell development

B  autoantibodies and T cells

C  IgE and mast cells

D  a transfusion reaction

E  graft rejection

A  Rashes

B  Sneezing

C  Rhinitis

D  Contact dermatitis

E  Diarrhea

A  reverse spasms of respiratory smooth muscles

B  inhibit the activity of lymphocytes

C  block synthesis of leukotrienes

D  bind to histamine receptors on target organs

E  relieve inflammatory symptoms

A  Binding of IgE by the Fc region to mast cells and basophils

B  Histamine acts on smooth muscle

C  Prostaglandins cause vasodilation and increased vascular permeability

D  Degranulation

E  Bonding of allergen to adjacent IgE binding sites on mast cells and basophils

A  myelin sheath cells of the nervous system

B  sodium pump proteins in the cell membrane

C  acetylcholine receptors on smooth muscle

D  cells in thyroid follicles

E  acetylcholine receptors on skeletal muscle

A  Involves an immune complex reaction

B  Involves production of IgG and IgE antibodies

C  Serum sickness is a systemic response

D  The Arthus reaction is a local response

E  Antigen-antibody complexes are deposited in the basement membrane of epithelial tissues

A  allergic rhinitis

B  eczema

C  anaphylaxis

D  asthma

E  atopic dermatitis

A  Blood transfusion

B  All of thechoices are correct.

C  Skin graft

D  Organ transplantation

E  Both skin graft and organ transplantation

A  desensitization

B  tissue matching

C  sensitization

D  None of thechoices are correct.

E  degranulation

A  Prostaglandins cause vasodilation and increased vascular permeability

B  Histamine acts on smooth muscle

C  Binding of IgE by the Fc region to mast cells and basophils

D  Bonding of allergen to adjacent IgE binding sites on mast cells and basophils

E  Degranulation

A  Formation of autoantibodies

B  Hypogammaglobulinemia

C  Host rejection of graft

D  Graft versus host disease

E  None of the choices are correct.

A  Both antibody mediated and immune complex mediated

B  Anaphylaxis

C  Both anaphylaxis and antibody mediated

D  Immune complex mediated

E  Antibody mediated

A  Graves’ disease

B  multiple sclerosis

C  tuberculin reaction

D  rheumatoid arthritis

E  myasthenia gravis

A  histamine

B  serotonin

C  platelet-activating factor

D  prostaglandin

E  leukotriene

A  two identical light polypeptide chains

B  two identical heavy polypeptide chains

C  a variable and constant region on each polypeptide chain

D  four antigen binding sites

E  disulfide bonds between polypeptide chains

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  B cells maturing in bone marrow sites

C  T cells maturing in the thymus

D  hormonal signals that initiate development

E  release of mature lymphocytes to begin migration to various lymphoid organs

A  hinge

B  Fab

C  Fc

D  terminal

E  variable

A  suppress immune reactions

B  function in allergic reactions

C  activate B cells and other T cells

D  directly destroy target cells

E  secrete antibodies

A  hold and present processed antigen on their cell membrane surface

B  include macrophages

C  include dendritic cells

D  engulf and modify antigen to be more immunogenic

E  All of the choices are correct.

A  true

B  false

A  binding of T-cell to a site on the antigen

B  interleukin-1 activating the T helper cell

C  binding of T-cell to a class II MHC receptor on a macrophage

D  typically a protein antigen

E    

F  All of the choices are correct.

A  IgD

B  IgG

C  IgM

D  IgA

E  IgE

A  secrete antibodies

B  function in allergic reactions

C  directly destroy target cells

D  suppress immune reactions

E  activate B cells and other T cells

A  hapten

B  epitope

C  antigen binding site

D  None of the choices are correct.

E  variable region

A  are the result of genetic expression

B  receive and transmit chemical messages among other cells of the system

C  aid in cellular development

D  All of the choices are correct.

E  function in recognition of self molecules

A  are large molecules with a minimum molecular weight of 1,000

B  have molecular complexity

C  are cells or large, complex molecules

D  are foreign to the immune system

E  have large polymers made up of repeating subunits

A  autoantigens

B  superantigens

C  heterophilic antigens

D  None of the choices are correct.

E  allergens

A  natural killer (NK) cells

B  cytotoxic T cells

C  helper T cells

D  delayed hypersensitivity T cells

E  suppressor T cells

A  Plasma cells

B  B cells

C  Cytotoxic T cells

D  Helper T cells

E  Antigen-presenting cells

A  self receptors recognized by T lymphocytes

B  certain secreted complement components

C  All of the choices are correct.

D  receptors located primarily on macrophages and B cells

E  all HLA antigens

A  false

B  true

A  can serve as a B-cell receptor

B  is the first class synthesized by a plasma cell

C  contains a central J chain

D  has 10 antigen binding sites

E  is a dimer

A  bacterial toxins that activate T cells at a 100 times greater rate than other antigens

B  None of the choices are correct.

C  cell markers found in some member of a species but not in other members

D  body tissues that the immune system mistakes as foreign

E  those that evoke allergic reactions

A  true

B  false

A  IgG

B  IgM

C  IgA

D  IgE

E  IgD

A  have membrane receptors that recognize foreign antigens

B  All of the choices are correct.

C  develop into clones of B and T cells with extreme variations of specificity

D  gain tolerance to self by destruction of lymphocytes that could react against self

E  possess MHC antigens for recognizing self

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  glycoproteins, called MHC antigens, found on all body cells

C    

D  found on the third chromosome

E  a set of genes that code for MHC glycoproteins

F  located in the thymus gland

A  red blood cells

B  leukocytes

C  epithelial cells

D  islet of Langerhans cells

E  eosinophils

A  IgD only

B  IgM only

C  IgM and IgD

D  IgD and IgE

E  IgG only

A  Eyes

B  Respiratory tract

C  Urinary tract

D  Digestive tract

E  Skin

A  increases phagocytosis

B  reduces the ability of temperature-sensitive organisms to multiply

C  increases the availability of iron

D  increases metabolism

E  stimulates hematopoiesis

A  Involves barriers at portals of entry
Involves phagocytic cells (neutrophils and macrophages)
Involves recognition of foreign agents by their pathogen-associated molecular patterns

B  Includes chemicals such as lysozyme and lactic acid
Involves barriers at portals of entry
Examples include the ciliated epithelium of the respiratory passages, excretion of urine, and production of tears

C  Includes chemicals such as lysozyme and lactic acid
Involves recognition of foreign agents by their pathogen-associated molecular patterns

D  Involves phagocytic cells (neutrophils and macrophages)
Involves recognition of foreign agents by their pathogen-associated molecular patterns

A  eosinophils

B  lymphocytes

C  neutrophils

D  basophils

E  monocytes

A  primary phagocytes

B  neutrophils

C  macrophages

D  cytotoxic T cells

E  killer T cells

A  dendritic cells

B  eosinophils

C  macrophages

D  mast cells

E  platelets

A  Monocytes

B  Eosinophils

C  Basophils

D  Lymphocytes

E  Neutrophils

A  redness

B  swelling

C  warmth

D  pain

E  chills

A  antigens

B  digestive enzymes

C  lysozyme

D  histamine

E  antibodies

A  granulocytes

B  None of the choices are correct.

C  agranulocytes

D  monocytes

E  leukocytes

A  Block further invasion

B  Cause a fever

C  Mobilize and attract immune components to injury site

D  Destroy microbes

E  Start tissue repair

A  migration of white blood cells from the blood out to the tissues

B  loss of blood due to hemorrhaging

C  production of white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets

D  plugging of broken vessels to stop bleeding

E  production of only red blood cells

A  T cells

B  hairs

C  unbroken skin

D  tears

E  mucus

A  is the liquid portion of blood in which blood cells are suspended

B  contains fibrinogen

C  is mostly water

D  contains albumin and globulins

E  All of the choices are correct.

A  Calor—warmth

B  Rubor—redness

C  Dolar—pain

D  None of these are mismatched.

E  Tumor—cancer

A  It can last hours to years.

B  Fever could be beneficial to inhibiting the pathogen.

C  Basophils and mast cells release histamine.

D  Pyrogens cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability.

E  Serotonin causes smooth muscle contraction.

A  respiratory tract

B  urinary tract

C  digestive tract

D  skin

E  eyes

A  Bloodstream

B  Extracellular fluid

C  Lymphatic system

D  Intracellular fluid

A  Basophils; T cells

B  B cells; T cells

C  T cells; B cells

D  B cells; neutrophils

E  Monocytes; basophils

A  Include Kupffer cells

B  Include leukocytes that are either granulocytes or agranulocytes

C  After birth, produced in red bone marrow sites

D  Develop from undifferentiated stem cells

E  Include erythrocytes that, when mature, lose their nuclei

A  vasodilation

B  diapedesis

C  motility

D  phagocytosis

E  chemotaxis

A  spleen

B  tonsils

C  GALT

D  lymph nodes

E  thymus

A  Host defenses due to B and T cells and their products
Use of drugs and antibiotics

B  Host defenses due to B and T cells and their products
Use of drugs and antibiotics
Anatomical and physiological barriers

C  Internal cellular and chemical defenses
Phagocytosis and inflammation
Anatomical and physiological barriers

D  Internal cellular and chemical defenses
Use of drugs and antibiotics
Host defenses due to B and T cells and their products

A  physically restricts pathogens to a specific region

B  None of the choices are correct.

C  is toxic to pathogens

D  creates a physical barrier against pathogens

E  destroys pathogens