Chapter 9 Quiz

A  Ketone, leptin

B    

C  Ghrelin, glycogen

D  Leptin, ghrelin

E  Ghrelin, leptin

A    

B  Repeat the inappropriate eating and physical activity behaviors.

C  Strengthen the inappropriate eating cues you cannot eliminate.

D  Diminish appropriate eating and activity cues.

E  Establish positive consequences for inappropriate eating or sedentary behaviors.

F  Strengthen cues to appropriate eating and activities.

A  After surgery, people can return to their previous lifestyle and food choices and not worry about regaining the weight.

B  After surgery, the stomach is smaller, forcing the person to eat smaller portions.

C  Diabetes, insulin resistance, high blood cholesterol, hypertension, and heart disease immediately improve.

D  Surgery may help shift the makeup of the intestinal bacteria toward a healthier profile.

E  Depression and anxiety can improve after surgery.

A  Exercise reduces cortisol and gets rid of belly fat.

B  Working out requires extra sleep and getting extra sleep reduces food cravings and weight gain.

C  Working out builds muscle, and lean muscle tissue burns more calories per pound than fat does.

D  Physical activity decreases weight by promoting loss of bone density.

E  Working out weakens feelings of hunger; thus, active people generally eat less.

A  Brain scans have shown that obese people are less likely to prefer fruit and vegetables.

B  Eating highly palatable food decreases energy expenditure.

C  Highly palatable food causes lasting changes in the brain’s reward system.

D  Obese people are more likely to use cocaine.

E  Obese people have too much dopamine.

A  All are important strategies.

B  I, II, III, and IV

C  I and V only

D  I, II, and III only

E  I and III only

A  Obese people are often resistant to the effects of leptin.

B  Fat loss suppresses leptin recognition.

C  It is an appetite-stimulating hormone.

D  It decreases energy expenditure.

E  It is a satiety hormone.

A  pregnant and lactating women

B  children

C  athletes

D  All these groups are correct.

E  adults older than 65 years

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  three associated medical problems: low energy availability, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis

B  three medical problems: heart disease, diabetes, and obesity

C  three behaviors common in female athletes: perfectionism, anxiety, and depression

D  three academic problems: poor test-taking skills, test anxiety, and fear of academic failure

E  three athletic problems: impaired speed, loss of balance, and inflexibility

A  liver glycogen

B  protein from lean tissue

C  ketone bodies

D  fatty acids

E  muscle glycogen

A  fluctuating metabolism theory

B  hypothalamic weight-control theory

C  microbiota theory

D  set-point theory

E  thermogenesis theory

A  weakened heart

B  decreased basal metabolic rate

C  high body temperature

D  growth failure

E  kidney failure

A  microbiota theory

B  thermogenesis theory

C  hypothalamic weight-control theory

D  set-point theory

A  Self-acceptance predicts failure, while self-loathing predicts success.

B  Cognitive skills, such as thinking habits, cannot be altered.

C  Many people succeed because their mental dialogue degrades their inappropriate habits.

D  Only a trained psychotherapist should use behavior modification techniques.

E  Thinking habits are just as important as eating habits to achieving a healthy body weight.

A  ketone bodies

B  fatty acids

C  muscle glycogen

D  protein from lean tissue

E  liver glycogen

A  adults between the ages of 19 and 50

B  pregnant women

C  the elderly

D  athletes

E  women over 50

A  his or her body mass index (BMI)

B  his or her energy expended through voluntary activities

C  his or her thermic effect of food

D  his or her total energy output

E  his or her basal metabolic rate

A  Food E: weighs 200 grams and provides 750 calories

B  Food C: weighs 50 grams and provides 100 calories

C  Food A: weighs 38 grams and provides 300 calories

D  Food B: weighs 40 grams and provides 250 calories

E  Food D: weighs 600 grams and provides 1,000 calories

A  horseback riding

B  hang-gliding

C  smoking

D  drinking too much alcohol

E  having diabetes