Navigation » List of Schools » East Los Angeles College » Physiology » Physiology 001 – Introduction to Human Physiology » Winter 2021 » Lecture Exam 2 (A)
Below are the questions for the exam with the choices of answers:
Question #1
A GH increases the sensitivity of tissues to the action of insulin.
B IGF-1 stimulates the secretion of GH by anterior pituitary gland cells.
C The liver produces a factor that mediates the metabolic actions of GH.
D GH exerts negative feedback on its own productionby inhibiting the hypothalamic secretion of somatostatin.
E GH stimulates insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) production by the liver and by many other cells.
Question #2
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #3
A Promotes vitamin D synthesis, leading to increased intestinal absorption of calcium
B Increases the bone-degrading activity of osteoclasts
C Increases plasma [Ca 2+]
D Decreases reabsorption of phosphate by the kidneys
E Decreases reabsorption of calcium by the kidneys
Question #4
A She has hyperthyroidism, possibly due to a hypersecreting tumor of the anterior pituitary gland.
B She has hyperthyroidism, possibly due to Graves’ disease.
C She has hypothyroidism, possibly due to low iodine in her diet.
D She has hypothyroidism, possibly due to destruction of thyrotrope cells of her anterior pituitary gland.
Question #5
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #6
A Secreting insulin
B Producing plasma proteins that bind hormones
C Clearing hormones from plasma
D Secreting angiotensinogen
E Secreting insulin-like growthfactor 1
Question #7
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #8
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #9
A Vasopressin is synthesized in the posterior pituitary.
B The hormones of the adrenal cortex have the same structure as the neurotransmitters of adrenergic neurons.
C Thyroid hormones are catecholamines.
D Most peptide hormones require binding proteins for transport in the blood.
E Steroid hormones are synthesized from cholesterol.
Question #10
A Growth rate will be faster than normal.
B Growth rate will be slower than normal.
C Gigantism
D Body temperature will be above normal.
E Acromegaly
Question #11
A androstenedione; progesterone; adrenal cortex; corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
B testosterone; cholesterol; adrenal medulla; adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
C progesterone; cholesterol; adrenal cortex; adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
D estradiol; cholesterol; adrenal medulla; corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
E progesterone; cholesterol; adrenal medulla; adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Question #12
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #13
A Alpha motor neurons stimulate contraction of intrafusal fibers in extensor muscles.
B Golgi tendon organs in the patellar tendon stimulate the contraction of extrafusal fibers of extensor muscles.
C Inhibitory interneurons reduce action potential firing in alpha motor neuronsto extrafusal fibers of extensor muscles.
D Alpha motor neurons stimulate contraction of extrafusal fibers in extensor muscles.
E Alpha motor neurons that innervate ipsilateral flexor muscles are stimulated.
Question #14
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #15
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #16
A the somatosensory cortex.
B vestibular apparatus.
C muscle spindles and temperature receptors.
D nociceptors and chemoreceptors.
E cerebellum.
Question #17
A They detect the angle of joints, and thus provide proprioceptive inputs about the position of the limbs in space.
B They detect stretch within tendons and inhibit the activation of alpha motor neurons to extrafusal muscle fibers in antagonistic muscles.
C They detect stretch within tendons and inhibit the activation of alpha motor neurons to extrafusal muscle fibers in the muscle attached to those tendons.
D They detect painful stimuli within tendons and inhibit gamma motor neurons to intrafusal muscle fibers in muscles attached to those tendons.
E They stimulate the ends of intrafusal muscle fibers, ensuring that sensory information about muscle length is provided, even when a muscle shortens rapidly.
Question #18
A Nociceptors send pain information to the cerebral cortex, and descending activation of alpha motor neurons to extensormuscles would make you withdraw your right hand from the object.
B A withdrawal reflex would be triggered by nociceptors that would stimulate contraction of flexor muscles in the right arm.
C A withdrawal reflex would be triggered by stretch receptors that would inhibit contraction of extensor muscles of the right arm.
D Reflex mechanisms would stimulate contraction of the extensor muscles of the right arm.
E A stretch reflex would be triggered that would cause contraction of extensor muscles in the right arm.
Question #19
A The center of mass is left behind by the acceleration of the body, so the body must lean forward to compensate.
B The body accelerates forward, but the center of gravity shifts over the foot that is lifted off the ground.
C The body only accelerates forward, so the center of gravity remains directy between the two feet.
D The body leans so that the center of gravity shifts over the foot that is on the ground.
E The body leans so that the center of gravity shifts over the foot that is lifted off the ground.
Question #20
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #21
A Switching off fast-glycolytic motor units and activating an equal number of slow-oxidative motor units
B Increasing the frequency of firing in alpha motor neurons innervating the muscle
C Stretching the muscle to very long lengths
D Increasing the amplitude of action potentials in the alpha motor neurons that innervate the muscle
E Resting the muscle for several weeks
Question #22
A Every moment of Sarah’s runs
B Just the first few seconds of exercise
C All muscle contractions after Sarah reaches fatigue (about an hour into her run)
D No effects on her running
Question #23
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #24
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #25
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #26
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #27
A Increase in myosin concentration
B Increase in actin concentration
C Increase in creatine concentration, Increase in myoglobin concentration
D Increase in myoglobin concentration
E Increase in muscle size (hypertrophy)
Question #28
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #29
A Yes, because they increase the availability of dopamine.
B No, because they increase the availability of enkephalin.
C No, because they increase the availability of norepinephrine.
D Yes, because they increase the availability of acetylcholine.
E No, because they increase the availability of serotonin.
Question #30
A Being given a specific address and being able to recall it several days or weeks later
B Responding to the sight, smell, taste, or thought of one’s favorite food with salivation and hunger pangs
C Being able to recall a phone number for only a short period of time
D Remembering how to ride a bicycle
E Recognition of a person’s face and matching a name to it
Question #31
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #32
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #33
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #34
A in REM sleep.
B exhibiting gamma wave activity.
C in NREM sleep.
D in REM sleep, in NREM sleep, in exhibiting beta wave activity and in exhibiting gamma wave activity
E exhibiting beta wave activity.
Question #35
A hippocampus.
B corpus callosum.
C limbic system.
D thalamus.
E hypothalamus.
Question #36
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #37
A serve to keep the pressure on the two sides of the tympanic membrane equal.
B are found inside the cochlear duct.
C are in direct contact with both the tympanic membrane and the round window.
D are part of the vestibular apparatus.
E serve to amplify the pressure of sound vibrations from the air in the outer ear to the fluid in the inner ear.
Question #38
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #39
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #40
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #41
A They vary in magnitude with stimulus strength.
B They alwaystrigger action potentials.
C They are action potentials.
D They propagate without decrement.
E They generally occur at the axon hillock of afferent neurons.
Question #42
A Acids, bitter
B Sugars, salty
C Lipids, sweet
D Poisonous alkaloids, sour
E Glutamate, umami
Question #43
A Taste buds on the tongue
B Cone cells in the eye
C Hair cells in the cochlea
D Hair cells in the olfactory mucosa
Question #44
A lateral geniculate cells.
B ganglion cells.
C bipolar cells.
D cone cells.
Question #45
A agonist to the endogenous opioid receptors.
B agonist to epinephrine receptors.
C Any of these are possible
D agonist to glycine receptors.
E agonist to serotonin receptors.
Question #46
A The voltage-gated Na + channels are in the inactivated state.
B Most of the voltage-gated Na + channels are in the closed state.
C The permeability to Na + is much greater than the permeability to K +.
D There is equal permeability to Na + and K +.
E All of the K+ channels in the membrane are open.
Question #47
A cause a change in membrane potential.
B be conducted to the axon hillock.
C trigger an excitatory postsynaptic potential.
D depolarize a dendrite.
E trigger an action potential.
Question #48
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #49
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #50
A occurs when voltage-gated Cl- channels open in a postsynaptic cell membrane.
B stabilizes the membrane to remain at its resting potential.
C opens voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in the presynaptic membrane.
D is a direct result of the opening of voltage-gated channels permeable to bothNa + and K + ions.
E is a direct result of the opening of ligand-gated channels permeable tobothNa + and K + ions.
Question #51
A Neuron A has more K + channels open than Neuron B.
B Neuron B has more Na+ channels open than Neuron A.
C Neuron B has more K + channels open than Neuron A.
D Neuron A has more Na+ channels open than Neuron B.
E None of the answer choices are correct.
Question #52
A FALSE
B TRUE