Exam 1

A  A conflict theorist

B  A symbolic interactionist

C  A feminist

D  A structural functionalist

A  A symbolic interactionist

B  A structural functionalist

C  A conflict theorist

D  A feminist

A  A status-based regime in which advancement is unlikely.

B  A bureaucracy where membership and advancement is based on proven and documented skills.

C  The removal of personal feelings from a professional situation.

D  The authoritarian devalue of an employee .

A  Authoritarian

B  Democratic

C  Oligarchy

D  Laissez-faire

A  Personality-based promotion

B  Explicit rules

C  Impersonality

D  Clear division of labor

A  A coercive organization

B  A bureaucracy

C  A total institution

D  A normative organization

A  A primary group is large and impersonal; a secondary group is small, consisting of emotional, face-to-face relationships.

B  A primary group is large and impersonal; a secondary group is small and purely instrumental in function.

C  A primary group is small, consisting of emotional face-to-face relationships; a secondary group is larger and impersonal.

D  A primary group is small and impersonal; a secondary group is large and consists of face-to-face relationships.

A  Conflict

B  Exchange Theory

C  Structural Functionalism

D  Symbolic Interactionism

A  Conflict Theory

B  Feminist Theory

C  Structural Functionalism

D  Exchange Theory

A  An incomplete institution

B  A psychological phenomenon that is outside the realm of sociological study

C  An excellent cross section of the population

D  A total institution

A  A shift in her desire to enjoy life.

B  A shift in her reading habits.

C  Resocialization.

D  A complete and permanent loss of herself.

A  Letting Kim wear pants to school.

B  Taking Jimmy to the aquarium.

C  Allowing Joey to sleep with his “blankey.”

D  Buying Sarah a toy kitchen to play with.

A  A degradation ceremony

B  Poor parenting

C  The resocialization process

D  The looking-glass self

A  Personal identity isn’t influenced by outside social forces.

B  Self-esteem is directly correlated with body image.

C  The media encourages society to base their appearances on visible public figures.

D  People base their images on how they think other people see them.

A  Derek attends law school and becomes a lawyer, though he dreams of one day becoming the next John Grisham.

B  Krista lands a role on Days of Our Lives and begins receiving fan mail from fans across the country.

C  Alex takes a sabbatical from his job as a professor of Molecular Biology to raise his two young children.

D  Becca returns to work after giving birth to her daughter, finding it difficult to act as mother, wife, and executive.

A  Achieved status

B  Ascribed status

C  The Thomas Theorem

D  The looking-glass self

A  Hunter-gatherer; Pastoral; Agricultural; Horticultural

B  Hunter-gatherer; Pastoral; Horticultural; Agricultural

C  Pastoral; Agricultural, Hunter-gatherer; Horticultural

D  Pastoral; Hunter-gatherer; Horticultural; Agricultural

A  Morgan overhears a professor predicting the economic recession will prevent entry-level graduates from finding gainful employment. Morgan goes on interviews but doesn’t bother preparing, convinced it’s a waste of time. Morgan appears unprofessional and is not hired.

B  Kevin sprained his ankle a month before a marathon. Though his trainer advises him not to participate, Kevin runs the marathon and places third.

C  Charlotte is an intelligent teenager, but told by her step-sisters and cousins that she’s destined to a life of poverty and failure. Charlotte begins to do poorly in school, and eventually drops out.

D  Though encouraged by his parents to audition for Julliard, Jose believes he isn’t good enough to attend. After his audition, he expresses this reluctance to the admissions committee. They don’t admit him due to his lack of certainty.

A  Subculture

B  Social relativism

C  Formal Sanction

D  More

A  The yuppie craze of the 1980’s

B  The hippie movement of the 1960’s

C  The Kardashian obsession of the 2010’s

D  The disco invasion of the 1970’s

A  Crossing streets on cross-walks

B  Paying taxes

C  Making eye contact while speaking

D  Driving on the right hand side of the road

A  The tenets or convictions that people hold to be true.

B  Scripture found within the Bible.

C  A culture’s standard for discerning what’s good and just in society.

D  Federal laws and regulations.

A  Drawing conclusions from a study which the hypothesis did not predict

B  Using a control group and an experimental group during observation

C  Conducting a literature review prior to conducting an experiment

D  Observing study participants without their consent

A  The more positive reinforcement a parent gives a child, the better they do in school.

B  The longer an inmate spends in prison, the more difficult it is for him to adapt to the outside world.

C  The more CDs Jamilla buys, the less money she has in her bank account

D  The more study halls students are given during the school day, the worse they perform on their tests.

A  Independent variable: Grades; Dependent variable: John

B  Independent variable: Grades; Dependent variable: Number of laptops

C  Independent variable: John; Dependent variable: Grades

D  Independent variable: Number of laptops; Dependent variable: Grades

A  Experiments

B  Secondary data analysis

C  Surveys

D  Ethnography

A  Virtual interactivity, online polls, and online gaming.

B  Statistical methods such as surveys with large numbers of participants.

C  Door to door sales pitches, cold calls, and press conferences.

D  In-depth interviews, focus groups, and/or analysis of content sources as the source of its data.

A  They are both macro-level.

B  Macro-level; micro-level.

C  Micro-level; macro-level.

D  They are both micro-level.

A  Behaviorism

B  Structural Functionalism

C  Conflict Theory

D  Symbolic Interactionism

A  Genie died before the training could have an effect.

B  Genie was able to achieve a normal intellectual level after two years of training.

C  Genie surpassed the intellectual level of other children her age after two years of training.

D  The training had little effect, and Genie lived a primitive lifestyle.

A  girls do not imitate aggressive behavior.

B  children imitate the aggressive behavior that they observe.

C  children cry when they see aggressive behavior.

D  children do not imitate the aggressive behavior that they observe.

A  socialization

B  social environment

C  heredity

D  parenting

A  associated with behavioral and academic problems.

B  can be explained by social learning theory.

C  is correlated to poverty.

D  all of the above.

A  mores, sanctions, machines

B  jewelry, art, hairstyles

C  beliefs, values, norms

D  weapons, clothing, folkways

A  A sociologist wants to understand the lives of others “on the other side of the river” and wants to understand what is going on “behind closed doors”.

B  Sociology is interested in the “doings of men” and observing individuals in their “natural habitat”.

C  A sociologist is a unique social scientist that rarely encounters other social scientists such as the historian, anthropologist, or psychologist.

D  Those who prefer to believe what they were taught or have “no interest in human beings” will not appreciate sociology.

A  C. Wright Mills

B  Lewis Coser Jr.

C  Talcott Parsons

D  Kai Ericson

A  the functionalist perspective

B  the symbolic interactionist perspective

C  the neo-conflict perspective

D  the conflict perspective

A  conflict theory/perspective

B  the neo-conflict perspective

C  symbolic interactionist theory/perspective

D  structural functionalist theory /perspective

A  conflict theory

B  functional analysis

C  structural functionalism

D  symbolic interactionism

A  Jim Jones told his followers that he was God (symbolized God) which is part of the symbolic interactionist perspective.

B  From a conflict perspective Jim Jones took advantage of the disadvantaged individuals in society.

C  Jim Jones and Jonestown provided all of the functions of religion to his followers.

D  all of the above are correct.

A  Analyze and share the results.

B  Select a topic and review the literature.

C  Choose a research method and collect the data.

D  all of the above are steps in the social research process.

A  identify patterns of behavior

B  study external factors that affect individuals

C  describe, explain, and predict human behavior

D  none of the above are goals of sociology

E  all of the above are goals of sociology

A  Some people will inflict pain on others if ordered to do so by a person in a position of authority.

B  Electric shock treatments improve students’ abilities to learn.

C  Only emotionally disturbed persons enjoy inflicting pain on others.

D  Most people conform to social norms, even when told to deviate from them by persons in authority.

A  Younger people are more susceptible to group pressure than older adults.

B  Americans are highly individualistic and reluctant to conform to group pressure.

C  Women are more susceptible to group pressure than men.

D  Because of group pressure, most people are willing to say things they know are not true.

A  an understanding of others in relation to history and the social structure of society

B  the impact social forces has on people’s lives

C  viewing events, issues, and the world from a sociological perspective

D  all of the above

A  family, religion, education, economics, and politics

B  anthropology, sociology, psychology, economics, and political science

C  nutrition, exercise, rest, well-being, and financial security

D  family, government, police, courts, and prisons

A  a group of several academic disciplines designed to understand the social world

B  a science that studies society, social interaction, and the external factors that influence groups of individuals.

C  a science that focuses on the mental processes of individuals.

D  a science focused on the distribution of the material goods and services of a society.

A  Social forces affect how social we become and the amount of social interactions we have with others.

B  Social forces have NOT been found to contribute to the decisions we make or our behaviors.

C  Social forces include history, culture, and environment and are found to impact our behaviors and the decisions we make.

D  all of the above

A  Samantha is a part of an oligarchy.

B  Samantha is in a voluntary association.

C  Samantha works in a bureaucracy.

D  Samantha works in a non-profit organization.

A  Religion is used to legitimate social inequality.

B  Religion is the foundation of government.

C  Religion can provide everyday guidelines for living.

D  Religion clouds people’s rational judgment.

A  representative sampling

B  content analysis

C  secondary analysis

D  participant observation

A  conflict perspective

B  symbolic interactionist perspective

C  functionalist perspective

D  none of the above

A  folkway

B  subculture

C  counterculture

D  culture shock

A  rationalization of society

B  bureaucratization of society

C  McDonaldization of society

D  credentialism of society

A  experimental design

B  survey research

C  content analysis

D  participant observation

A  Social Exchange Theory

B  Structural Functionalism

C  Conflict Theory

D  Symbolic Interactionism