Exam 3

A  4.5 x 103
32 x 103

B  45 x 10-4
3.2 x 104

C  4.5 x 10-4
32 x 103

D  4.5 x 10-3
3.2 x 104

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  have higher frequencies and shorter wavelengths than lower-energy photons.

B  are not as likely to become redshifted as lower-energy photons.

C  move faster than lower-energy photons.

D  have more mass than lower-energy photons.

E  travel less distance between their source and the observer than lower-energy photons.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  an eclipsing binary

B  an astrometric binary

C  a visual binary

D  a spectroscopic binary

E  impossible, unless at least one of the two stars if itself intrinsically variable.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  closer

B  now way to tell with available data

C  the same distance

D  farther

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  the relatively cool outer layers absorb photons emitted in the hot inner parts of the Sun, producing absorption lines.

B  its core is much hotter than its surface, so the shape of the curve is distored.

C  its spectrum consists of emission lines of the elements in the Sun, so there are some gaps.

D  the coronal mass ejections interfere with the photons, adding too much noise to the spectrum.

E  the Sun is too hot to radiate at all wavelengths.

A  2 visible stars orbiting each other

B  converging spectral lines

C  varying star intensities

D  oscillatory (wobbly) star motions

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Dark clouds hide large gas balls that are ignited by passing stars.

B  Gravity causes a cloud of gas & dust to collapse toward a center.

C  An explosion throws out mass that settles as a star.

D  A large gas ball spins out of a larger star when disrupted by a passing star.

A  with extra protons

B  with extra neutrinos

C  with extra electrons

D  with extra neutrons

A  triple alpha process

B  nucleosynthesis

C  carbon-nitrogen-oxygen cycle

D  proton-proton chain

A  Triton

B  Io

C  Venus

D  Uranus

A  differential rotation, winding up the magnetic fields

B  the Zeeman effect and the Maunder minimum

C  a constant dipole magnetic field

D  granulation oscillations

E  nuclear explosions

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  an ion

B  a photon

C  an electron

D  a neutron

E  a proton

A  expansion/contraction

B  core temperature

C  distance

D  mass

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Absorption occurs when an electron in an atom jumps from a lower energy level to a higher energy level.

B  Photon emission occurs randomly, in any direction.

C  Electrons have discrete energy levels.

D  Each element produces a unique pattern of spectral lines, like a fingerprint.

E  An electron in an atom may absorb either part or all of the energy of a photon.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  open clusters

B  megaclusters

C  Mira clusters

D  elliptical galaxies

E  globular clusters

A  across the field of view

B  toward us

C  away from us

D  not speed, but energies due to temperature

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Hydrogen normally has one electron.

B  Hydrogen normally has one proton.

C  Hydrogen normally has one neutron.

D  Normal hydrogen is also called protium.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Mars

B  Uranus

C  Earth

D  Venus

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  tidal forces prevent the material in rings from forming into moons

B  Jovian planets rotate very rapidly, and some material near the equator of these planets was flung outward, forming the rings

C  tidal forces cause volcanic eruptions on some moons, and part of this material subsequently escaped the gravity of the moons, forming the rings.

D  there is too much material to have fit into the ball of each planet

E  their thick gaseous atmospheres would disintegrate any small rock that enter them

A  This is an impossible situation. The apparent magnitude can’t be more than the absolute magnitude.

B  Sirius is located 10 ps from Earth.

C  Sirius is located less than 10 ps from Earth.

D  Sirius is located greater then 10 ps from Earth.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  1/4

B  1/16

C  16

D  4

A  8

B  7

C  10

D  18

A  Contracting balls of gas with masses below about 75 Jupiter masses actually end up as brown dwarfs, not main-sequence stars.

B  Gravitational contraction of a pre-main-sequence star ceases once nuclear reaction begin.

C  Stars form from gaint clouds of gas and dust whose collapse and fragmentation (clumping) are due to gravity.

D  During gravitational contraction, the temperature in the core of a pre-main-sequence star decreases.

A  Bohr model

B  valence shields

C  electrons

D  protons

E  neutrons

A  photosphere temperature

B  speed of light

C  emitted intensity

D  fusion density

E  core temperature

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  long period variables

B  Cepheids

C  binary stars

D  brown giants

A  blue

B  green

C  white

D  red

A  young (< millions of years)

B  5 billion years

C  > 10 billion years

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  the chromosphere is best viewed with a H-alpha filter

B  a photo of the Sun with a x-ray filter will show the chromoshere

C  sunspots and heliosiesmology are associated with the photosphere

D  the corona is the solar wind

A  mass

B  gravity

C  temperature

D  pressure

A  refracting; different focal lengths for different wavelengths of light.

B  reflecting; differing focal points from different parts of the mirror.

C  refracting; the smearing of light due to atmospheric turbulence.

D  space; the deformation of the glass due to the absence of gravity.

E  reflecting; the smearing of light due to atmospheric turbulence.

A  It is an isotope of hydrogen.

B  It has one neutron and one proton.

C  It has one electron, so it is not an ion.

D  It has one more proton than an average hydrogen atom.