Exam 3

A  45 x 10-4
3.2 x 104

B  4.5 x 10-3
3.2 x 104

C  4.5 x 10-4
32 x 103

D  4.5 x 103
32 x 103

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  have higher frequencies and shorter wavelengths than lower-energy photons.

B  are not as likely to become redshifted as lower-energy photons.

C  move faster than lower-energy photons.

D  have more mass than lower-energy photons.

E  travel less distance between their source and the observer than lower-energy photons.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  a spectroscopic binary

B  an eclipsing binary

C  an astrometric binary

D  a visual binary

E  impossible, unless at least one of the two stars if itself intrinsically variable.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  the same distance

B  closer

C  now way to tell with available data

D  farther

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  the coronal mass ejections interfere with the photons, adding too much noise to the spectrum.

B  its core is much hotter than its surface, so the shape of the curve is distored.

C  the relatively cool outer layers absorb photons emitted in the hot inner parts of the Sun, producing absorption lines.

D  the Sun is too hot to radiate at all wavelengths.

E  its spectrum consists of emission lines of the elements in the Sun, so there are some gaps.

A  varying star intensities

B  converging spectral lines

C  2 visible stars orbiting each other

D  oscillatory (wobbly) star motions

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Gravity causes a cloud of gas & dust to collapse toward a center.

B  An explosion throws out mass that settles as a star.

C  A large gas ball spins out of a larger star when disrupted by a passing star.

D  Dark clouds hide large gas balls that are ignited by passing stars.

A  with extra electrons

B  with extra protons

C  with extra neutrinos

D  with extra neutrons

A  triple alpha process

B  proton-proton chain

C  nucleosynthesis

D  carbon-nitrogen-oxygen cycle

A  Uranus

B  Triton

C  Venus

D  Io

A  nuclear explosions

B  differential rotation, winding up the magnetic fields

C  a constant dipole magnetic field

D  granulation oscillations

E  the Zeeman effect and the Maunder minimum

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  an electron

B  an ion

C  a photon

D  a proton

E  a neutron

A  distance

B  mass

C  expansion/contraction

D  core temperature

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Photon emission occurs randomly, in any direction.

B  An electron in an atom may absorb either part or all of the energy of a photon.

C  Electrons have discrete energy levels.

D  Absorption occurs when an electron in an atom jumps from a lower energy level to a higher energy level.

E  Each element produces a unique pattern of spectral lines, like a fingerprint.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Mira clusters

B  megaclusters

C  globular clusters

D  elliptical galaxies

E  open clusters

A  across the field of view

B  not speed, but energies due to temperature

C  away from us

D  toward us

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Normal hydrogen is also called protium.

B  Hydrogen normally has one electron.

C  Hydrogen normally has one neutron.

D  Hydrogen normally has one proton.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Mars

B  Venus

C  Uranus

D  Earth

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  their thick gaseous atmospheres would disintegrate any small rock that enter them

B  tidal forces cause volcanic eruptions on some moons, and part of this material subsequently escaped the gravity of the moons, forming the rings.

C  there is too much material to have fit into the ball of each planet

D  tidal forces prevent the material in rings from forming into moons

E  Jovian planets rotate very rapidly, and some material near the equator of these planets was flung outward, forming the rings

A  Sirius is located greater then 10 ps from Earth.

B  Sirius is located 10 ps from Earth.

C  This is an impossible situation. The apparent magnitude can’t be more than the absolute magnitude.

D  Sirius is located less than 10 ps from Earth.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  1/16

B  1/4

C  4

D  16

A  10

B  18

C  7

D  8

A  Stars form from gaint clouds of gas and dust whose collapse and fragmentation (clumping) are due to gravity.

B  During gravitational contraction, the temperature in the core of a pre-main-sequence star decreases.

C  Gravitational contraction of a pre-main-sequence star ceases once nuclear reaction begin.

D  Contracting balls of gas with masses below about 75 Jupiter masses actually end up as brown dwarfs, not main-sequence stars.

A  neutrons

B  protons

C  Bohr model

D  electrons

E  valence shields

A  emitted intensity

B  speed of light

C  photosphere temperature

D  fusion density

E  core temperature

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  long period variables

B  Cepheids

C  binary stars

D  brown giants

A  white

B  blue

C  red

D  green

A  > 10 billion years

B  5 billion years

C  young (< millions of years)

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  the corona is the solar wind

B  sunspots and heliosiesmology are associated with the photosphere

C  the chromosphere is best viewed with a H-alpha filter

D  a photo of the Sun with a x-ray filter will show the chromoshere

A  gravity

B  temperature

C  mass

D  pressure

A  refracting; different focal lengths for different wavelengths of light.

B  refracting; the smearing of light due to atmospheric turbulence.

C  reflecting; the smearing of light due to atmospheric turbulence.

D  space; the deformation of the glass due to the absence of gravity.

E  reflecting; differing focal points from different parts of the mirror.

A  It is an isotope of hydrogen.

B  It has one more proton than an average hydrogen atom.

C  It has one neutron and one proton.

D  It has one electron, so it is not an ion.