Navigation » List of Schools » West Los Angeles College » Physiology » Physiology 101 – Introduction to Human Physiology » Fall 2020 » Lecture Exam 2(C)
Below are the questions for the exam with the choices of answers:
Question #1
A presbyopia.
B hyperopia.
C cataract.
D myopia.
E glaucoma.
Question #2
A activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
B dilation of the pupil.
C flatteningof the lens.
D increased rounding of the cornea.
E contraction of the ciliary muscles.
Question #3
A Pressure
B pain
C Sound
D Cold and warmth
E Proprioception
F Vision
Question #4
A activation of her parasympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
B activation of her sympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
C activation of her sympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
D activation of her parasympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
E she suddenly develops presbyopia.
Question #5
A is found in the soma of the neuron
B is located in the axon hillock.
C contains ligand-gated channels
D contains voltage-gated channels.
E is where action potentials are first generated.
Question #6
A Some sensory receptors are modifications of the peripheral endings of efferent neurons.
B Sensory information that leads to conscious awareness of the stimulus is called transduction.
C The term “sensory unit” refers to a group of receptors that receive a particular stimulus and the afferent neuron associated with those receptors.
D The term “adequate stimulus” means that a stimulus is strong enough to be detected.
E All sensory information that reaches the brain can be experienced as a conscious sensation.
Question #7
A mechanoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #8
A 1,3,2,6,5,9,10,4,8,7
B 1,4,7,8,3,2,6,5,9,10
C 1,4,8,7,3,2,5,6,9,10
D 1,3,2,5,7,6,8,4,9,10
Question #9
A Parietal lobe association area
B Primary Visual cortex
C Occipital lobe association area
D Primary Auditory cortex
E Somatosensory cortex
Question #10
A functions as the body’s thermostat
B secretes hormones
C inhibits muscle tone throughout the body.
D controls thirst, urine output, and food intake.
E is a relay station for sensory input on its way to the cerebral cortex.
F plays a role in emotional and behavioral patterns.
Question #11
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #12
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #13
A 5, 4, 3, 1, 2
B 2, 1, 5, 4, 3
C 3, 1, 4, 5, 2
D 1, 4, 3, 2, 5
E 1, 2, 3, 5, 4
Question #14
A They are found deep in the cerebrum, surrounding the thalamus.
B They are the cortical locations where primary sensory information first arrives from specific ascending pathways.
C Their main input is sensory information arriving along neurons that project directly from the thalamus.
D They integrate multiple types of sensory information and are responsible for complex processing of sensory information.
E They are all found in the parietal lobe of the cerebral cortex.
Question #15
A histamine
B norepinephrine
C acetylcholine
D serotonin
Question #16
A serotonin
B dopamine
C histamine
D acetylcholine
Question #17
A histamine
B norepinephrine
C serotonin
D acetylcholine
Question #18
A norepinephrine
B acetylcholine
C dopamine
D histamine
Question #19
A norepinephrine
B acetylcholine
C dopamine
D serotonin
Question #20
A transmit signals derived from afferent receptors up the spinal cord to the brain.
B relay messages from the brain down to the spinal cord to efferent neurons.
C carry impulses from the CNS to the periphery.
D are part of the peripheral nervous system.
E carry impulses from the periphery to the CNS.
Question #21
A They sum excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs.
B They make synapses on effector organs in the PNS.
C They deliver synaptic input on other neurons.
D They can transmit information between afferent neurons and efferent neurons.
E They receive synaptic input from other neurons in the CNS.
Question #22
A They are action potentials.
B They always trigger action potentials.
C They propagate without decrement.
D They generally occur at the axon hillock of afferent neurons.
E They can be graded and vary with stimulus strength.
Question #23
A It generates a small electrical potential such that the inside of a neuron is made negative with respect to the outside.
B It transports equal numbers of sodium and potassium ions with each pump cycle.
C It maintains a concentration gradient for K + such that diffusion forces favor movement of K + into the cell.
D It maintains an electrical gradient at the equilibrium potential of K +.
E It pumps 3 Na + ions into the cell for every 2 K + ions it pumps out.
Question #24
A are replaced by cells known as basal cells.
B when stimulated send impulses both to the limbic system and to the cortex for perception of smell.
C bind chemicals called odorants
D are specialized endings of afferent neurons called chemoreceptors
Question #25
A The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to sodium ions.
B The concentration of sodium ion is greater inside the cell than outside.
C The plasma membrane is most permeable to sodium ions.
D The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to potassium ions.
E The permeability of the plasma membrane to potassium ions is much greater than its permeability to sodium ions.
Question #26
A cause a change in membrane potential.
B depolarize a dendrite.
C be conducted to the axon hillock.
D trigger an excitatory postsynaptic potential.
E trigger an action potential.
Question #27
A Conversion of the energy of a stimulus into a pattern of electrical activity
B A depolarization of receptive membrane that increase in magnitude as the stimulus intensity increases
C Persistence of the sensation of a limb even after it has been severed from the body
D A decrease in receptor sensitivity despite continuation of a stimulus
E Information from sensory receptorsreaches the cerebral cortex and the person becomes aware of it
Question #28
A increased neurotransmitter release from the synaptic terminal of the photoreceptor.
B bleaching of opsin.
C excitation of bipolar cells
D closure of Na+ channels and decreased Na+ flow into the photoreceptor
E decreased depolarization of the photoreceptor’s plasma membrane
Question #29
A Refraction
B Retraction
C Reflection
D Deflection
Question #30
A Only nerve and muscle cells have a potential difference across the membrane at rest.
B in neurons, it is created mainly by potassium ion leakage
C It is oriented so that the cell’s interior is negative with respect to the extracellular fluid.
D It requires ions to be distributed unevenly across the plasma membrane of a cell.
E It has the same value in all cells.
F It is not altered by changing concentration gradients of permeating ions.
Question #31
A horizontal, inner
B somatic, catalyst
C bipolar, ganglion
Question #32
A movement of the basilar membrane relative to the tectorial.
B the hairs of the receptor cells of the Organ of Corti to be bent
C displacement of the round window, which dissipates pressure in the cochlea.
D increased fluid pressure against the cochlear duct by the fluid of the scala vestibuli
E movement of the tectorial membrane relative to the vestibular
Question #33
A Mitochondria
B Pituitary gland
C Hypothalamus
D Pineal gland
Question #34
A The graded potential
B The repolarization phase of the action potential
C The exocytosis of neurotransmitter
D The depolarization phase of the action potential
E All of these will not occur
Question #35
A Chemoreceptors can activate heat sensing parts of the brain.
B A chemical within the jalepeño acts as a stimulus for thermoreceptors.
C The breakdown of chemicals within the pepper causes exothermic reactions in the mouth.
D Friction while chewing activates thermoreceptors.
E All of the answer choices are correct.
Question #36
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #37
A Na+ voltage-gated channels.
B K+ leak channels.
C Na+/K+ pumps.
D Na+ leak channels
Question #38
A limbic system
B temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex
C somatosensory cortex
D frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex
E occipital lobes of the cerebral cortex
Question #39
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #40
A the receptors in both skin areas utilize the same afferent neuron.
B both sensations are grouped together in the somatosensory cortex.
C both pens are activating the same receptor.
D both afferent neurons converge on the same interneuron.
Question #41
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #42
A The patient would perceive a general sensation all over the body.
B The patient would perceive a general sensation over one side of the body.
C The patient would perceive nothing.
D The patient would perceive a specific, localized sensation in one body area.
Question #43
A Loss of both pressure sense and pain in the right foot
B Loss of pain in the left foot
C Loss of pain in the right foot
Question #44
A more positive than the equilibrium potential for sodium.
B slightly more negative than the equilibrium potential of potassium ion.
C equal to the equilibrium potential for potassium.
D equal to the equilibrium potential for sodium.
E more positive than the equilibrium potential for potassium.
Question #45
A adrenergic
B nicotinic
C muscarinic
Question #46
A photoreceptor
B nociceptor
C thermoreceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #47
A thermoreceptor
B mechanoreceptor
C chemoreceptor
D nociceptor
Question #48
A nociceptor
B chemoreceptor
C thermoreceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #49
A photoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C chemoreceptor
D mechanoreceptor
Question #50
A nociceptor
B chemoreceptor
C thermoreceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #51
A photoreceptor
B chemoreceptor
C nociceptor
D thermoreceptor
Question #52
A the otic ganglia are found near the parotid gland
B Long parasympathetic preganglionic fibers end at the terminal ganglia, which lie in or near the effector organ.
C The terminal ganglia contain muscarinic receptors.
D Terminal ganglia lie in a chain located along either side of the spinal cord.
E Terminal ganglia are the final common pathway for the autonomic nervous system.
F Terminal ganglia give rise to sympathetic neurons
Question #53
A language ability
B control of breathing, circulation, and digestion.
C
D final sensory perception
E personality traits.
F voluntary initiation of movement.
Question #54
A bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
B bind acetylcholine released from parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
C bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic fibers.
D are found primarily in the heart.
E bind with norepinephrine released from sympathetic postganglionic fibers.
Question #55
A caudate nucleus
B mammilary body
C cingulate gyrus
D putamen
E globus pallidus
F substantia nigra
Question #56
A the dorsal root conducts motor information
B the ventral root contains axons of afferent, sensory neurons
C spinal nerves are for the conduction of motor information only
D afferent, sensory neurons are unipolar neurons with cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglion
Question #57
A hippocampus.
B mammillary body.
C primary visual cortex
D cingulate gyrus.
E olfactory bulb
F amygdala.
Question #58
A is a direct result of the opening of voltage-gated channels permeable to Na + ions in the post-synaptic cell
B occurs when voltage-gated Cl- channels open in a postsynaptic cell membrane.
C is a direct result of the opening of ligand-gated channels permeable to both Na + and K + ions in the pre-synaptic cell
D stabilizes the membrane to remain at its resting potential.
E opens voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in the presynaptic membrane.
Question #59
A There are two basic types of photoreceptors in the retina, rods, and cones.
B There are four different chromophore moleculesin the retina.
C There are normally four different photopigments in the retina.
D There are four different opsins in the retina.
E Photoreceptors are neurons.
Question #60
A assympathetic
B sympathetic
C parassympathetic
D parasympathetic
Question #61
A The photoreceptor cell membranebecomes depolarized.
B The concentration of cyclic GMP inside cells increases.
C The chromophore retinal undergoes a change of shape.
D The photoreceptor cells are stimulated and fireaction potentials.
E There is an increase in neurotransmitter release from photoreceptor cells.
Question #62
A spinocerebellar tract
B anterior spinothalmic tract
C medial leminscus tract
D the posterior column
E lateral corticospinal tract
Question #63
A occurs in unmyelinated nerve fibers.
B is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons
C always results in muscle contraction
D is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons and upper motor neurons arising from the cerebellum
E is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by upper motor neurons arising from the motor cortex
Question #64
A gamma motor neurons
B delta motor neurons
C upper motor neurons
D lower motor neurons
E nictonic motor neurons
Question #65
A 1, 4, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 8, 7
B 1, 4, 7, 2, 3, 6, 9, 8, 5
C 1, 4, 7, 2, 3, 9, 6, 5, 8
D 1, 7, 4, 6, 3, 2, 9, 8, 5
Question #66
A Brown, Gray
B Gray, White
C Black, White
D White, Gray
Question #67
A retina
B cornea
C iris
D ciliary muscle
E lens
Question #68
A No light will enter the eye and blindness will result
B Distance vision (e.g., reading a street sign)
C Both near and distance vision are fine, but changing back and forth between them becomes difficult
D Both near and distance vision are compromised
E Near vision (e.g., reading a book)