Navigation » List of Schools » West Los Angeles College » Physiology » Physiology 101 – Introduction to Human Physiology » Fall 2020 » Lecture Exam 2(C)
Below are the questions for the exam with the choices of answers:
Question #1
A cataract.
B glaucoma.
C presbyopia.
D myopia.
E hyperopia.
Question #2
A flatteningof the lens.
B dilation of the pupil.
C activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
D contraction of the ciliary muscles.
E increased rounding of the cornea.
Question #3
A Cold and warmth
B Sound
C Pressure
D Proprioception
E Vision
F pain
Question #4
A activation of her parasympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
B she suddenly develops presbyopia.
C activation of her sympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
D activation of her parasympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
E activation of her sympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
Question #5
A is located in the axon hillock.
B is found in the soma of the neuron
C contains ligand-gated channels
D contains voltage-gated channels.
E is where action potentials are first generated.
Question #6
A Sensory information that leads to conscious awareness of the stimulus is called transduction.
B The term “sensory unit” refers to a group of receptors that receive a particular stimulus and the afferent neuron associated with those receptors.
C The term “adequate stimulus” means that a stimulus is strong enough to be detected.
D Some sensory receptors are modifications of the peripheral endings of efferent neurons.
E All sensory information that reaches the brain can be experienced as a conscious sensation.
Question #7
A chemoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D mechanoreceptor
Question #8
A 1,4,7,8,3,2,6,5,9,10
B 1,3,2,6,5,9,10,4,8,7
C 1,3,2,5,7,6,8,4,9,10
D 1,4,8,7,3,2,5,6,9,10
Question #9
A Parietal lobe association area
B Somatosensory cortex
C Occipital lobe association area
D Primary Visual cortex
E Primary Auditory cortex
Question #10
A inhibits muscle tone throughout the body.
B plays a role in emotional and behavioral patterns.
C controls thirst, urine output, and food intake.
D is a relay station for sensory input on its way to the cerebral cortex.
E functions as the body’s thermostat
F secretes hormones
Question #11
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #12
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #13
A 1, 4, 3, 2, 5
B 5, 4, 3, 1, 2
C 1, 2, 3, 5, 4
D 3, 1, 4, 5, 2
E 2, 1, 5, 4, 3
Question #14
A Their main input is sensory information arriving along neurons that project directly from the thalamus.
B They integrate multiple types of sensory information and are responsible for complex processing of sensory information.
C They are all found in the parietal lobe of the cerebral cortex.
D They are the cortical locations where primary sensory information first arrives from specific ascending pathways.
E They are found deep in the cerebrum, surrounding the thalamus.
Question #15
A histamine
B acetylcholine
C norepinephrine
D serotonin
Question #16
A histamine
B dopamine
C acetylcholine
D serotonin
Question #17
A norepinephrine
B serotonin
C histamine
D acetylcholine
Question #18
A acetylcholine
B dopamine
C histamine
D norepinephrine
Question #19
A serotonin
B norepinephrine
C acetylcholine
D dopamine
Question #20
A carry impulses from the periphery to the CNS.
B relay messages from the brain down to the spinal cord to efferent neurons.
C are part of the peripheral nervous system.
D carry impulses from the CNS to the periphery.
E transmit signals derived from afferent receptors up the spinal cord to the brain.
Question #21
A They can transmit information between afferent neurons and efferent neurons.
B They receive synaptic input from other neurons in the CNS.
C They sum excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs.
D They deliver synaptic input on other neurons.
E They make synapses on effector organs in the PNS.
Question #22
A They can be graded and vary with stimulus strength.
B They generally occur at the axon hillock of afferent neurons.
C They are action potentials.
D They propagate without decrement.
E They always trigger action potentials.
Question #23
A It transports equal numbers of sodium and potassium ions with each pump cycle.
B It pumps 3 Na + ions into the cell for every 2 K + ions it pumps out.
C It generates a small electrical potential such that the inside of a neuron is made negative with respect to the outside.
D It maintains a concentration gradient for K + such that diffusion forces favor movement of K + into the cell.
E It maintains an electrical gradient at the equilibrium potential of K +.
Question #24
A bind chemicals called odorants
B when stimulated send impulses both to the limbic system and to the cortex for perception of smell.
C are replaced by cells known as basal cells.
D are specialized endings of afferent neurons called chemoreceptors
Question #25
A The plasma membrane is most permeable to sodium ions.
B The permeability of the plasma membrane to potassium ions is much greater than its permeability to sodium ions.
C The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to sodium ions.
D The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to potassium ions.
E The concentration of sodium ion is greater inside the cell than outside.
Question #26
A depolarize a dendrite.
B cause a change in membrane potential.
C be conducted to the axon hillock.
D trigger an action potential.
E trigger an excitatory postsynaptic potential.
Question #27
A A depolarization of receptive membrane that increase in magnitude as the stimulus intensity increases
B A decrease in receptor sensitivity despite continuation of a stimulus
C Information from sensory receptorsreaches the cerebral cortex and the person becomes aware of it
D Persistence of the sensation of a limb even after it has been severed from the body
E Conversion of the energy of a stimulus into a pattern of electrical activity
Question #28
A decreased depolarization of the photoreceptor’s plasma membrane
B closure of Na+ channels and decreased Na+ flow into the photoreceptor
C bleaching of opsin.
D increased neurotransmitter release from the synaptic terminal of the photoreceptor.
E excitation of bipolar cells
Question #29
A Retraction
B Refraction
C Reflection
D Deflection
Question #30
A It is not altered by changing concentration gradients of permeating ions.
B in neurons, it is created mainly by potassium ion leakage
C It is oriented so that the cell’s interior is negative with respect to the extracellular fluid.
D Only nerve and muscle cells have a potential difference across the membrane at rest.
E It requires ions to be distributed unevenly across the plasma membrane of a cell.
F It has the same value in all cells.
Question #31
A horizontal, inner
B somatic, catalyst
C bipolar, ganglion
Question #32
A movement of the tectorial membrane relative to the vestibular
B displacement of the round window, which dissipates pressure in the cochlea.
C movement of the basilar membrane relative to the tectorial.
D increased fluid pressure against the cochlear duct by the fluid of the scala vestibuli
E the hairs of the receptor cells of the Organ of Corti to be bent
Question #33
A Pituitary gland
B Mitochondria
C Hypothalamus
D Pineal gland
Question #34
A The repolarization phase of the action potential
B The depolarization phase of the action potential
C The graded potential
D All of these will not occur
E The exocytosis of neurotransmitter
Question #35
A The breakdown of chemicals within the pepper causes exothermic reactions in the mouth.
B A chemical within the jalepeño acts as a stimulus for thermoreceptors.
C All of the answer choices are correct.
D Chemoreceptors can activate heat sensing parts of the brain.
E Friction while chewing activates thermoreceptors.
Question #36
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #37
A Na+ voltage-gated channels.
B Na+ leak channels
C K+ leak channels.
D Na+/K+ pumps.
Question #38
A frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex
B limbic system
C occipital lobes of the cerebral cortex
D somatosensory cortex
E temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex
Question #39
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #40
A both afferent neurons converge on the same interneuron.
B the receptors in both skin areas utilize the same afferent neuron.
C both sensations are grouped together in the somatosensory cortex.
D both pens are activating the same receptor.
Question #41
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #42
A The patient would perceive nothing.
B The patient would perceive a specific, localized sensation in one body area.
C The patient would perceive a general sensation all over the body.
D The patient would perceive a general sensation over one side of the body.
Question #43
A Loss of both pressure sense and pain in the right foot
B Loss of pain in the left foot
C Loss of pain in the right foot
Question #44
A more positive than the equilibrium potential for potassium.
B more positive than the equilibrium potential for sodium.
C equal to the equilibrium potential for potassium.
D equal to the equilibrium potential for sodium.
E slightly more negative than the equilibrium potential of potassium ion.
Question #45
A nicotinic
B adrenergic
C muscarinic
Question #46
A photoreceptor
B nociceptor
C chemoreceptor
D thermoreceptor
Question #47
A mechanoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C nociceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #48
A thermoreceptor
B photoreceptor
C chemoreceptor
D nociceptor
Question #49
A photoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C mechanoreceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #50
A nociceptor
B chemoreceptor
C thermoreceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #51
A chemoreceptor
B photoreceptor
C nociceptor
D thermoreceptor
Question #52
A Terminal ganglia are the final common pathway for the autonomic nervous system.
B the otic ganglia are found near the parotid gland
C The terminal ganglia contain muscarinic receptors.
D Long parasympathetic preganglionic fibers end at the terminal ganglia, which lie in or near the effector organ.
E Terminal ganglia lie in a chain located along either side of the spinal cord.
F Terminal ganglia give rise to sympathetic neurons
Question #53
A control of breathing, circulation, and digestion.
B final sensory perception
C personality traits.
D language ability
E
F voluntary initiation of movement.
Question #54
A bind acetylcholine released from parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
B bind with norepinephrine released from sympathetic postganglionic fibers.
C are found primarily in the heart.
D bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic fibers.
E bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
Question #55
A globus pallidus
B caudate nucleus
C substantia nigra
D mammilary body
E putamen
F cingulate gyrus
Question #56
A spinal nerves are for the conduction of motor information only
B afferent, sensory neurons are unipolar neurons with cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglion
C the ventral root contains axons of afferent, sensory neurons
D the dorsal root conducts motor information
Question #57
A amygdala.
B cingulate gyrus.
C olfactory bulb
D hippocampus.
E mammillary body.
F primary visual cortex
Question #58
A stabilizes the membrane to remain at its resting potential.
B is a direct result of the opening of voltage-gated channels permeable to Na + ions in the post-synaptic cell
C is a direct result of the opening of ligand-gated channels permeable to both Na + and K + ions in the pre-synaptic cell
D opens voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in the presynaptic membrane.
E occurs when voltage-gated Cl- channels open in a postsynaptic cell membrane.
Question #59
A There are four different opsins in the retina.
B There are normally four different photopigments in the retina.
C There are four different chromophore moleculesin the retina.
D Photoreceptors are neurons.
E There are two basic types of photoreceptors in the retina, rods, and cones.
Question #60
A assympathetic
B parasympathetic
C sympathetic
D parassympathetic
Question #61
A The chromophore retinal undergoes a change of shape.
B The photoreceptor cell membranebecomes depolarized.
C The photoreceptor cells are stimulated and fireaction potentials.
D The concentration of cyclic GMP inside cells increases.
E There is an increase in neurotransmitter release from photoreceptor cells.
Question #62
A medial leminscus tract
B lateral corticospinal tract
C anterior spinothalmic tract
D the posterior column
E spinocerebellar tract
Question #63
A occurs in unmyelinated nerve fibers.
B always results in muscle contraction
C is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons and upper motor neurons arising from the cerebellum
D is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by upper motor neurons arising from the motor cortex
E is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons
Question #64
A nictonic motor neurons
B upper motor neurons
C gamma motor neurons
D delta motor neurons
E lower motor neurons
Question #65
A 1, 4, 7, 2, 3, 9, 6, 5, 8
B 1, 4, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 8, 7
C 1, 4, 7, 2, 3, 6, 9, 8, 5
D 1, 7, 4, 6, 3, 2, 9, 8, 5
Question #66
A Gray, White
B White, Gray
C Black, White
D Brown, Gray
Question #67
A lens
B retina
C ciliary muscle
D iris
E cornea
Question #68
A Near vision (e.g., reading a book)
B Both near and distance vision are fine, but changing back and forth between them becomes difficult
C Distance vision (e.g., reading a street sign)
D Both near and distance vision are compromised
E No light will enter the eye and blindness will result