Navigation » List of Schools » West Los Angeles College » Physiology » Physiology 101 – Introduction to Human Physiology » Fall 2020 » Lecture Exam 2(C)
Below are the questions for the exam with the choices of answers:
Question #1
A myopia.
B hyperopia.
C presbyopia.
D glaucoma.
E cataract.
Question #2
A increased rounding of the cornea.
B contraction of the ciliary muscles.
C flatteningof the lens.
D activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
E dilation of the pupil.
Question #3
A Cold and warmth
B Pressure
C Sound
D Proprioception
E pain
F Vision
Question #4
A activation of her parasympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
B activation of her sympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
C activation of her parasympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
D activation of her sympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
E she suddenly develops presbyopia.
Question #5
A contains voltage-gated channels.
B contains ligand-gated channels
C is located in the axon hillock.
D is found in the soma of the neuron
E is where action potentials are first generated.
Question #6
A Sensory information that leads to conscious awareness of the stimulus is called transduction.
B All sensory information that reaches the brain can be experienced as a conscious sensation.
C Some sensory receptors are modifications of the peripheral endings of efferent neurons.
D The term “sensory unit” refers to a group of receptors that receive a particular stimulus and the afferent neuron associated with those receptors.
E The term “adequate stimulus” means that a stimulus is strong enough to be detected.
Question #7
A chemoreceptor
B mechanoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D thermoreceptor
Question #8
A 1,3,2,5,7,6,8,4,9,10
B 1,4,8,7,3,2,5,6,9,10
C 1,3,2,6,5,9,10,4,8,7
D 1,4,7,8,3,2,6,5,9,10
Question #9
A Somatosensory cortex
B Occipital lobe association area
C Primary Auditory cortex
D Parietal lobe association area
E Primary Visual cortex
Question #10
A functions as the body’s thermostat
B plays a role in emotional and behavioral patterns.
C secretes hormones
D is a relay station for sensory input on its way to the cerebral cortex.
E inhibits muscle tone throughout the body.
F controls thirst, urine output, and food intake.
Question #11
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #12
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #13
A 5, 4, 3, 1, 2
B 1, 4, 3, 2, 5
C 1, 2, 3, 5, 4
D 3, 1, 4, 5, 2
E 2, 1, 5, 4, 3
Question #14
A They are found deep in the cerebrum, surrounding the thalamus.
B Their main input is sensory information arriving along neurons that project directly from the thalamus.
C They are the cortical locations where primary sensory information first arrives from specific ascending pathways.
D They are all found in the parietal lobe of the cerebral cortex.
E They integrate multiple types of sensory information and are responsible for complex processing of sensory information.
Question #15
A norepinephrine
B histamine
C acetylcholine
D serotonin
Question #16
A acetylcholine
B serotonin
C histamine
D dopamine
Question #17
A norepinephrine
B histamine
C acetylcholine
D serotonin
Question #18
A histamine
B acetylcholine
C norepinephrine
D dopamine
Question #19
A norepinephrine
B dopamine
C serotonin
D acetylcholine
Question #20
A carry impulses from the CNS to the periphery.
B are part of the peripheral nervous system.
C transmit signals derived from afferent receptors up the spinal cord to the brain.
D relay messages from the brain down to the spinal cord to efferent neurons.
E carry impulses from the periphery to the CNS.
Question #21
A They deliver synaptic input on other neurons.
B They make synapses on effector organs in the PNS.
C They receive synaptic input from other neurons in the CNS.
D They can transmit information between afferent neurons and efferent neurons.
E They sum excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs.
Question #22
A They are action potentials.
B They generally occur at the axon hillock of afferent neurons.
C They can be graded and vary with stimulus strength.
D They always trigger action potentials.
E They propagate without decrement.
Question #23
A It transports equal numbers of sodium and potassium ions with each pump cycle.
B It generates a small electrical potential such that the inside of a neuron is made negative with respect to the outside.
C It pumps 3 Na + ions into the cell for every 2 K + ions it pumps out.
D It maintains an electrical gradient at the equilibrium potential of K +.
E It maintains a concentration gradient for K + such that diffusion forces favor movement of K + into the cell.
Question #24
A bind chemicals called odorants
B are replaced by cells known as basal cells.
C when stimulated send impulses both to the limbic system and to the cortex for perception of smell.
D are specialized endings of afferent neurons called chemoreceptors
Question #25
A The permeability of the plasma membrane to potassium ions is much greater than its permeability to sodium ions.
B The concentration of sodium ion is greater inside the cell than outside.
C The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to potassium ions.
D The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to sodium ions.
E The plasma membrane is most permeable to sodium ions.
Question #26
A cause a change in membrane potential.
B depolarize a dendrite.
C trigger an action potential.
D be conducted to the axon hillock.
E trigger an excitatory postsynaptic potential.
Question #27
A A depolarization of receptive membrane that increase in magnitude as the stimulus intensity increases
B Conversion of the energy of a stimulus into a pattern of electrical activity
C Persistence of the sensation of a limb even after it has been severed from the body
D A decrease in receptor sensitivity despite continuation of a stimulus
E Information from sensory receptorsreaches the cerebral cortex and the person becomes aware of it
Question #28
A decreased depolarization of the photoreceptor’s plasma membrane
B excitation of bipolar cells
C increased neurotransmitter release from the synaptic terminal of the photoreceptor.
D bleaching of opsin.
E closure of Na+ channels and decreased Na+ flow into the photoreceptor
Question #29
A Refraction
B Retraction
C Deflection
D Reflection
Question #30
A It has the same value in all cells.
B It is not altered by changing concentration gradients of permeating ions.
C in neurons, it is created mainly by potassium ion leakage
D It requires ions to be distributed unevenly across the plasma membrane of a cell.
E It is oriented so that the cell’s interior is negative with respect to the extracellular fluid.
F Only nerve and muscle cells have a potential difference across the membrane at rest.
Question #31
A horizontal, inner
B bipolar, ganglion
C somatic, catalyst
Question #32
A increased fluid pressure against the cochlear duct by the fluid of the scala vestibuli
B displacement of the round window, which dissipates pressure in the cochlea.
C movement of the basilar membrane relative to the tectorial.
D the hairs of the receptor cells of the Organ of Corti to be bent
E movement of the tectorial membrane relative to the vestibular
Question #33
A Pineal gland
B Hypothalamus
C Mitochondria
D Pituitary gland
Question #34
A The graded potential
B The exocytosis of neurotransmitter
C All of these will not occur
D The repolarization phase of the action potential
E The depolarization phase of the action potential
Question #35
A A chemical within the jalepeño acts as a stimulus for thermoreceptors.
B Chemoreceptors can activate heat sensing parts of the brain.
C The breakdown of chemicals within the pepper causes exothermic reactions in the mouth.
D All of the answer choices are correct.
E Friction while chewing activates thermoreceptors.
Question #36
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #37
A K+ leak channels.
B Na+ voltage-gated channels.
C Na+/K+ pumps.
D Na+ leak channels
Question #38
A somatosensory cortex
B limbic system
C temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex
D occipital lobes of the cerebral cortex
E frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex
Question #39
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #40
A both afferent neurons converge on the same interneuron.
B the receptors in both skin areas utilize the same afferent neuron.
C both pens are activating the same receptor.
D both sensations are grouped together in the somatosensory cortex.
Question #41
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #42
A The patient would perceive a specific, localized sensation in one body area.
B The patient would perceive nothing.
C The patient would perceive a general sensation all over the body.
D The patient would perceive a general sensation over one side of the body.
Question #43
A Loss of both pressure sense and pain in the right foot
B Loss of pain in the right foot
C Loss of pain in the left foot
Question #44
A slightly more negative than the equilibrium potential of potassium ion.
B more positive than the equilibrium potential for sodium.
C more positive than the equilibrium potential for potassium.
D equal to the equilibrium potential for potassium.
E equal to the equilibrium potential for sodium.
Question #45
A adrenergic
B nicotinic
C muscarinic
Question #46
A photoreceptor
B nociceptor
C thermoreceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #47
A nociceptor
B mechanoreceptor
C chemoreceptor
D thermoreceptor
Question #48
A nociceptor
B thermoreceptor
C chemoreceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #49
A chemoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D mechanoreceptor
Question #50
A photoreceptor
B chemoreceptor
C thermoreceptor
D nociceptor
Question #51
A nociceptor
B thermoreceptor
C chemoreceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #52
A Terminal ganglia are the final common pathway for the autonomic nervous system.
B Terminal ganglia give rise to sympathetic neurons
C Long parasympathetic preganglionic fibers end at the terminal ganglia, which lie in or near the effector organ.
D Terminal ganglia lie in a chain located along either side of the spinal cord.
E The terminal ganglia contain muscarinic receptors.
F the otic ganglia are found near the parotid gland
Question #53
A control of breathing, circulation, and digestion.
B language ability
C final sensory perception
D personality traits.
E voluntary initiation of movement.
F
Question #54
A bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
B are found primarily in the heart.
C bind with norepinephrine released from sympathetic postganglionic fibers.
D bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic fibers.
E bind acetylcholine released from parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
Question #55
A cingulate gyrus
B globus pallidus
C caudate nucleus
D putamen
E mammilary body
F substantia nigra
Question #56
A the dorsal root conducts motor information
B the ventral root contains axons of afferent, sensory neurons
C afferent, sensory neurons are unipolar neurons with cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglion
D spinal nerves are for the conduction of motor information only
Question #57
A amygdala.
B mammillary body.
C primary visual cortex
D hippocampus.
E cingulate gyrus.
F olfactory bulb
Question #58
A stabilizes the membrane to remain at its resting potential.
B is a direct result of the opening of voltage-gated channels permeable to Na + ions in the post-synaptic cell
C opens voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in the presynaptic membrane.
D is a direct result of the opening of ligand-gated channels permeable to both Na + and K + ions in the pre-synaptic cell
E occurs when voltage-gated Cl- channels open in a postsynaptic cell membrane.
Question #59
A Photoreceptors are neurons.
B There are normally four different photopigments in the retina.
C There are two basic types of photoreceptors in the retina, rods, and cones.
D There are four different chromophore moleculesin the retina.
E There are four different opsins in the retina.
Question #60
A assympathetic
B sympathetic
C parasympathetic
D parassympathetic
Question #61
A The concentration of cyclic GMP inside cells increases.
B There is an increase in neurotransmitter release from photoreceptor cells.
C The chromophore retinal undergoes a change of shape.
D The photoreceptor cells are stimulated and fireaction potentials.
E The photoreceptor cell membranebecomes depolarized.
Question #62
A spinocerebellar tract
B anterior spinothalmic tract
C medial leminscus tract
D lateral corticospinal tract
E the posterior column
Question #63
A is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by upper motor neurons arising from the motor cortex
B is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons
C always results in muscle contraction
D is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons and upper motor neurons arising from the cerebellum
E occurs in unmyelinated nerve fibers.
Question #64
A nictonic motor neurons
B delta motor neurons
C gamma motor neurons
D lower motor neurons
E upper motor neurons
Question #65
A 1, 7, 4, 6, 3, 2, 9, 8, 5
B 1, 4, 7, 2, 3, 6, 9, 8, 5
C 1, 4, 7, 2, 3, 9, 6, 5, 8
D 1, 4, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 8, 7
Question #66
A White, Gray
B Black, White
C Gray, White
D Brown, Gray
Question #67
A cornea
B iris
C ciliary muscle
D retina
E lens
Question #68
A Both near and distance vision are compromised
B Both near and distance vision are fine, but changing back and forth between them becomes difficult
C Distance vision (e.g., reading a street sign)
D Near vision (e.g., reading a book)
E No light will enter the eye and blindness will result