Lecture Exam 4

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Question #1

Which of the following is not a function of the nurse cells?

A They secrete testosterone.

B They protect and support the germ cells.

C They secrete androgen-binding protein.

D They secrete inhibin.

E Their tight junctions form the blood-testis barrier.

Question #2

Sexual reproduction entails the union of two gonads to form a zygote

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #3

The ________ muscle is located in the urinary bladder.

A distractor

B corpus cavernosum

C corpus spongiosum

D detrusor

E pubococcygeus

Question #4

Where are follicles located?

A Cortex of the ovary

B Medulla of the ovary

C Epithelium of the endometrium

D Epithelium of the placenta

E Center of the ovum

Question #5

Aldosterone acts on the ________.

A glomerulus

B medullary portion of the collecting duct

C distal convoluted tubule

D proximal convoluted tubule

E descending limb of the nephron loop

Question #6

Oxytocin stimulates contraction of myoepithelial cell of the mammary acini.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #7

Men have only one ________.

A corpus cavernosum

B prostate

C seminal vesicle

D ejaculatory duct

E bulbourethral gland

Question #8

Hypocalcemia stimulates ________.

A secretion of renin

B an increase in blood urea nitrogen

C secretion of parathyroid hormone

D a decrease in aldosterone production

E vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles

Question #9

The penis is homologous to the ________.

A labia minora

B urethra

C mons pubis

D vagina

E clitoris

Question #10

The acrosome contains enzymes used to ________.

A dissolve the stickiness of the semen

B penetrate the vagina

C dissolve the mucosa of the uterus

D penetrate barriers surrounding the ovum

E dissolve the mucosa of the vagina

Question #11

The innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as the ________.

A fibrous capsule

B hilum

C renal fascia

D renal medulla

E perirenal fat capsule

Question #12

The countercurrent heat exchanger that prevents arterial blood from overheating the testes is the ________.

A rete testis

B scrotal portal system

C epididymis

D pampiniform plexus of veins

E blood-testis barrier

Question #13

Males produce sperm and females produce eggs.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #14

Which of the following is the correct pathway of sperm cells from their formation to ejaculation?

A Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

B Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

C Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens, urethra

D Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra, ductus deferens

E Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, urethra, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens

Question #15

________ stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to secrete ________.

A Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); LH

B Luteinizing hormone (LH); testosterone

C Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

D Luteinizing hormone (LH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

E Luteinizing hormone (LH); estrogen

Question #16

Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

A Increased urine volume

B Increased urine salinity

C Decreased urine molarity

D Increased urine acidity

E Decreased urine volume

Question #17

The transition from an afferent arteriole to an efferent arteriole occurs in the ________.

A cortical radiate veins

B peritubular capillaries

C glomerulus

D vasa recta

E medulla

Question #18

At early puberty, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulate enlargement of the testes.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #19

Blood plasma is filtered in the ________.

A renal capsule

B renal tubule

C renal calyx

D renal corpuscle

E renal column

Question #20

Which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?

A The urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females.

B The kidneys are retroperitoneal.

C The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.

D The ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

E The right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left kidney.

Question #21

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

A Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole

B Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole

C An increase in osmotic pressure in the glomerular capsule

D Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole

E A drop in oncotic pressure

Question #22

The ________ is the small, bilateral organ found lateral to the membranous urethra.

A prostate

B bulbourethral gland

C seminal vesicle

D ejaculatory duct

E urethra

Question #23

Which of the following is generally accepted as a secondary sex characteristic?

A The prostate

B The vagina

C The presence of testes

D The uterus

E The enlargement of the breasts

Question #24

In meiosis, each parent cell produces ________.

A four haploid (n) cells

B four diploid (2n) cells

C two diploid (2n) cells

D haploid (n) cells that are identical to the parent cell

E two haploid (n) cells

Question #25

Why would an enlarged prostate interfere with urination?

A It develops calcified deposits that block the urethra.

B It produces thicker prostatic secretions that block the urethra.

C It inhibits urine production.

D It compresses the urethra.

E It inhibits the micturition reflex.

Question #26

What hormone(s) inhibit(s) the secretion of FSH and LH during the female sexual cycle?

A Androgens

B Progesterone

C Estradiol

D Estradiol and progesterone

E GnRH

Question #27

When it is cold, the ________ contracts and draws the testes closer to the body to keep them warm.

A perineum

B corpus spongiosum

C corpus cavernosum

D cremaster

E pampiniform plexus

Question #28

In which structure does fertilization usually occur?

A Ovary

B Uterine tube

C Uterus

D Urinary bladder

E Urethra

Question #29

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here, the ________ of one’s nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one’s daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

A loops of Henle

B glomeruli

C proximal convoluted tubules

D collecting ducts

E distal convoluted tubules

Question #30

After puberty, which epithelium lines the vagina?

A Simple columnar epithelium

B Stratified squamous epithelium

C Simple cuboidal epithelium

D Transitional epithelium

E Simple squamous epithelium

Question #31

The ________ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production, while the function of its ________ innervation is unknown.

A central; peripheral

B enteric; somatic

C peripheral; central

D parasympathetic; sympathetic

E sympathetic; parasympathetic

Question #32

Which of the following is inhibited by testosterone?

A Development of secondary sex characteristics

B Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion

C Sperm production

D Libido

E Development of secondary sex organs

Question #33

In ovulation, after expelling the oocyte the follicle becomes a ________ and secretes ________.

A corpus albicans; estrogen and progesterone

B corpus albicans; FSH and LH

C corpus albicans; progesterone

D corpus luteum; estrogen and progesterone

E corpus luteum; FSH and LH

Question #34

The ________ is not an organ of the urinary system.

A urinary bladder

B liver

C urethra

D ureter

E kidney

Question #35

Which of the following is true regarding the blood-testis barrier?

A It prevents antibodies in the blood from getting to the germ cells.

B It maintains testis temperature at 37°C.

C It maintains testis temperature at 35°C.

D It prevents heat loss from the testes.

E It prevents blood from getting to the testes.

Question #36

The ________ is the site of sperm maturation and storage.

A spermatic cord

B rete testis

C epididymis

D seminiferous tubules

E ductus (vas) deferens

Question #37

Assuming all other values are normal, calculate the net filtration pressure in a patient with a drop in capsular hydrostatic pressure to 8 mmHg.

A 20 mm Hg out

B 10 mm Hg out

C 50 mm Hg out

D 30 mm Hg out

E 40 mm Hg out

Question #38

In life threatening starvation, the kidneys synthesize glucose by ________.

A deaminating amino acids

B secreting renin

C secreting erythropoietin

D contributing to calcium homeostasis

E producing uric acid

Question #39

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

A They release waste into the bloodstream.

B They help control blood pressure.

C They fight osteoporosis by synthesizing vitamin D.

D They regulate osmolarity of the body fluids.

E They indirectly increase oxyhemoglobin.

Question #40

The deep region of the penis, surrounding the urethra, that engorges with blood during an erection is known as the ________.

A ductus (vas) deferens

B corpus cavernosum

C epididymis

D corpus spongiosum

E scrotum

Question #41

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal artery into the renal cortex?

A Segmental a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a. → interlobular a.

B Segmental a. → interlobar a. →arcuate a. → interlobular a.

C Afferent arteriole → interlobular a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a.

D Interlobar a. → interlobular a. → segmental a. → arcuate a.

E Arcuate a. → interlobar a. → afferent arteriole → interlobular a.

Question #42

A single lobe of a kidney is comprised of ________.

A a renal medulla and two renal columns

B one pyramid and the overlying cortex

C two calyces and a renal pelvis

D one major calyx and all of its minor calyces

E one collecting duct and all nephrons that drain into it

Question #43

Which uterine layer is composed of a simple columnar epithelium containing tubular glands?

A Fimbrium

B Cervix

C Myometrium

D Endometrium

E Perimetrium

Question #44

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen, which is released from the ________, to form angiotensin I.

A spleen

B liver

C heart

D lungs

E kidneys

Question #45

When does oogenesis begin?

A During pubarche

B At birth

C During thelarche

D During menarche

E During embryonic development

Question #46

Sperm travels to the ampulla of the ductus deferens before reaching the spermatic cord.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #47

The mechanism of stabilizing the GFR based on the tendency of smooth muscle to contract when stretched is known as ________.

A the myogenic mechanism

B tubuloglomerular feedback

C sympathetic control

D renal autoregulation

E the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism

Question #48

What do lutein cells develop from?

A The theca interna

B The corpus luteum

C The granulosa cells

D The corpus albicans

E The corona radiata

Question #49

The urine is most likely to be hypotonic when the ________.

A output of antidiuretic hormone is high

B output of natriuretic peptides is high

C body’s pH is low

D person is lost and deprived of drinking water

E body’s water volume is high

Question #50

The ________ is not a portion of the urethra.

A external urethral orifice

B prostatic urethra

C spongy urethra

D internal urethral sphincter

E membranous urethra

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