Lecture Exam 1

A  fills the cusps of the semilunar valves, causing them to expand and block the backflow of blood

B  pushes against the semilunar valves and opens them.

C  fills the cusps of the atrioventricular valve causing opening of the bicuspid and closure of the tricuspid.

D  pushes against the semilunar valves and closes them.

E  pushes against the atrioventricular valves and opens them.

A  increase the viscosity of the blood.

B  decrease the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood.

C  increase the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood.

D  decrease the blood pressure in the arteries.

E  increase the carbon dioxide carrying capacity of the blood.

A  shunt blood from the right atrium to the left atrium.

B  connect the top and bottom halves of the heart.

C  guide the inferior vena cava into the right atrium.

D  guide the aorta out of the heart.

E  take blood from the coronary circulation to the right atrium.

A  slow voltage-gated sodium channels and slow voltage-gated calcium channels.

B  fast voltage-gated sodium channels and fast voltage-gated calcium channels.

C  fast voltage-gated sodium channels and slow voltage-gated calcium channels.

D  slow voltage-gated sodium channels and fast voltage-gated calcium channels.

A  Left atrioventricular valve

B  Pulmonary semilunar valve

C  Right atrioventricular valve

D  Aortic semilunar valve

E  None of the choices is correct.

A  increase.

B  decrease.

A  action potentials always occur at exactly the same frequency.

B  action potentials are stimulated by internal stores of acetylcholine.

C  action potentials are initiated by the autonomic nervous system.

D  action potentials fire spontaneously.

E  all filaments contract and relax with a high degree of synchrony.

A  calcium

B  globin

C  iron

D  heme

A  age.

B  altitude.

C  All of the choices are correct.

D  sex.

A  increases, and there is fluid retention in the interstitial space.

B  increases, and so blood volume is abnormally high.

C  decreases, and so blood volume is abnormally high.

D  decreases, and there is fluid retention in the interstitial space.

A  Cardiac muscle cell

B  Skeletal muscle cell

A  a

B  c

C  e

D  d

E  b

A  a, d, e

B  a, b, d

C  a, e, f

D  a, b, c

E  a, b, c, e

A  the wrong blood type was used.

B  there were no agglutinins (antibodies) in the recipient blood.

C  the recipient had type AB blood.

D  the donor had type O blood.

A  Transportation

B  Protection

C  Regulation

D  Prevention

A  liver and spleen.

B  lung.

C  spleen and lung.

D  liver.

E  spleen.

A  lack a nucleus and organelles.

B  are actually dead.

C  are not red.

D  have lots of inclusion molecules.

E  can form a rouleau when moving through a capillary.

A  indirectly, directly

B  indirectly, indirectly

C  directly, directly

D  directly, indirectly

A  Lymphocytes

B  Neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, and monocytes

C  Basophils and eosinophils

D  Neutrophils

E  Lymphocytes and monocytes

A  Presence of papillary muscles in the ventricles

B  Arrangement of cardiac muscle in the heart wall

C  Presence of skeletal muscle tissue in the heart skeleton

D  Negative pressure inside the ventricles

E  Absence of oxygenated blood in the atria

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  platelet repellant.

B  platelet attractant.

A  hemostasis, 120

B  hemostasis, 9

C  hematopoiesis, 120

D  hematopoiesis, 9

A  reticulocytes.

B  late erythroblasts.

C  platelets.

D  myeloid stem cells.

E  promegakaryocytes.

A  permit the passage of blood in one direction.

B  separate the right and left sides of the heart.

C  are only used in the fetal heart.

D  direct the conduction impulse through the heart muscle.

E  stabilize and hold the arteries leaving the heart.

A  eosinophil.

B  basophil.

C  lymphocyte.

D  neutrophil.

E  monocyte.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  increase.

B  not change.

C  decrease.

A  calcium comes in through fast voltage-gated channels.

B  potassium comes in through fast voltage-gated channels.

C  sodium moves out through slow voltage-gated channels.

D  calcium moves out through slow voltage-gated channels.

E  potassium moves out through fast voltage-gated channels.

A  leukocytosis.

B  agglutination.

C  erythroblastosis.

D  leukopenia.

E  hemopoiesis.

A  Neutrophil

B  Monocyte

C  Basophil

D  Lymphocyte

E  Eosinophil

A  acidic, proteins

B  acidic, glucose

C  acidic, glycogen

D  basic, proteins

E  basic, glucose

A  c, a, b, e, d, f

B  a, b, c, e, d, f

C  c, b, a, d, e, f

D  c, a, e, b, d, f

E  a, c, d, b, e, f

F  c, a, b, e, d, f

A  None of the choices is correct.

B  2

C  1

D  4

E  Highly variable, depending on the heart beat rate

A  three

B  no

C  six

D  two

E  a highly variable number of

A  by both ventricles in one minute.

B  by a single ventricle in one hour.

C  by a single ventricle in one minute.

D  by both ventricles in one hour.

E  by the left ventricle into the aorta in one beat.

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  lubricate membranes of the pericardium.

C  equalize the pressure in the great vessels.

D  eliminate blood pressure spikes.

E  slow the heart rate.

A  bright red

B  dark blue

C  dark red

D  light blue

A  tendinous cords.

B  tricuspid valve.

C  pectinate muscles.

D  trabeculae carneae.

E  conus arteriosus.

A  b, a, d, c, f, g, e

B  c, d, a, f, b, g, e

C  f, g, d, c, b, a, e

D  c, d, a, b, f, g, e

E  d, b, a, c, f, g, e

A  collagen with the assistance of prothrombin.

B  prostacyclin with the assistance of activated factor V.

C  collagen with the assistance of von Willebrand factor.

D  prostacyclin with the assistance of thromboxane A2.

E  proconvertin with the assistance of factor IX.

A  prothrombins.

B  fibrinogens.

C  endocrine hormones.

D  albumins.

E  globulins.

A  Superior vena cava

B  Pulmonary veins

C  Inferior vena cava

D  Pulmonary arteries

E  Pulmonary trunk

A  decreasing of the heart rate below its inherent rhythm by parasympathetic stimulation.

B  increasing of the heart rate above its inherent rhythm by sympathetic stimulation.

C  increasing of the heart rate above its inherent rhythm by parasympathetic stimulation.

D  decreasing of the heart rate below its inherent rhythm by sympathetic stimulation.

A  largest, prominent nuclei

B  smallest, prominent nuclei

C  smallest, no nucleus

D  largest, no nucleus

A  Sodium channels are beginning to open in ventricular cells and calcium is entering through slow channels in atrial cells.

B  Calcium is entering and potassium is leaving ventricular cells.

C  Sodium is rapidly diffusing out of atrial muscle cells.

D  Potassium is entering atrial cells and sodium is leaving ventricular cells.

A  Visceral circuit

B  Pulmonary circuit

C  Coronary circuit

D  Systemic circuit

A  contraction and relaxation of papillary muscles that pull on heart strings.

B  pressure changes of alternating contraction and relaxation during the cardiac cycle.

C  action potentials within the cusps of the valves.

D  contraction of the smooth muscle in the walls of the great vessels leaving the heart.

A  external layer of the fibrous pericardium.

B  parietal layer of the serosal pericardium.

C  visceral layer of the serosal pericardium.

D  mediastinum.

E  myocardium.

A  a, b, e

B  b, d, e

C  a, c, d

D  b, c, e

E  a, c, e

A  a, c, d

B  a, b, c, d

C  b, d

D  e

E  a, d

A  clotting factors, hormones

B  iron ions, antibodies

C  antibodies, lipids

D  lipids, heavy metals

E  oxygen, clotting proteins

A  25

B  55

C  75

D  35

E  45

A  a, b, c, e, f

B  c, e, g

C  c, d, g

D  a, b, c, g

E  a, c, d, f

A  common

B  intrinsic

C  extrinsic

A  depolarized as potassium exits and calcium enters.

B  hyperpolarized as sodium and calcium exit.

C  hyperpolarized as potassium enters and calcium exits.

D  depolarized as potassium enters and calcium exits.

E  repolarized as sodium enters and calcium exits.

A  Isovolumetric relaxation

B  Ventricular ejection

C  Atrial contraction and ventricular filling

D  Isovolumetric contraction

E  Late ventricular diastole

A  negative chronotropic agent.

B  negative inotropic agent.

C  positive chronotropic agent.

D  positive inotropic agent.

A  anaerobic metabolism using myoglobin, creatin kinase, and ketone bodies.

B  aerobic metabolism using glycolysis of glycogen to meet most ATP demands.

C  anaerobic metabolism using glycolytic enzymes to quickly generate ATP.

D  aerobic metabolism using many mitochondria and a rich supply of myoglobin.

A  Contraction of the left atrium

B  Contraction of the right ventricle

C  Relaxation of the right ventricle

D  Relaxation of the left atrium

E  Contraction of the right atrium